1、 必修 1Unit 1 Friendship2016全国卷 假定你是李华,与留学生朋友 Bob 约好一起去书店, 因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件,内容包括:1.表示歉意;2.说明原因;3.另约时间。Dear Bob,Im sorry to say that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. I have just found that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon. I hope the change will not cau
2、se you too much trouble.Shall we go on Saturday morning? We can set out early so that well have more time to read and select books. If its convenient for you, lets meet at 8:30 outside the school gate. If not, let me know what time suits you best. I should be available any time after school next wee
3、k.Yours,Li Hua1.文章体裁:应用文 电子邮件。2.行文逻辑:表示歉意说明原因另约时间。3.词汇短语:运用了较高级的词汇和短语。如:set out( 出发), its convenient for sb(对某人来说方便),available(有空的)等。 4.句式句法:运用了多样化的句式结构。如:名词性从句: that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon, that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon, the chang
4、e will not cause you too much trouble;状语从句: so that well have more time to read and select books, If its convenient for you;省略句: If not 等。.单词荟萃1. adj. 心烦意乱的;不安的;不适的 vt. 使不安; 使心烦 2. vt.(使)镇定 adj. 平静的;镇静的; 沉着的 3. n.连续;系列 4. vt.忍受;经历 5. vt.压紧;捆扎 n.背包; 包裹 6. adj. 感激的;表示谢意的 7. vt. 不理睬;忽视ignorance n. 无知;愚
5、昧ignorant adj.无知的;愚昧的 8. vt. (使) 担忧;涉及;关系到 n.担心;关注;(利害) 关系concerned adj. 担忧的 9. adj. 松的;松开的loosely adv. 宽松地loosen v.放松; 松开 10. adj. 德国的;德国人的;德语的 n.德国人; 德语Germany n.德国 11. adv.在户外;在野外outdoor adj. 户外的;露天的;野外的 12. adj. 积满灰尘的dust n. 灰尘 13. adj.整个的;完全的;全部的 adv.完全地;全然地; 整个地 14. n.能力;力量; 权力 adj.强有力的 15. n.
6、 寂寞;孤独lonely adj. 寂寞的;偏僻的 16. vt.安排;解决settlement n.殖民;定居 17. vi.恢复 n.恢复;治愈 18. adv.确实如此;确切地exact adj. 精确的;确切的 19. vi.不同意 vi.同意disagreement n.不赞成 20. vt. 不喜欢;厌恶 n. 厌恶;反感; 不喜爱like vt. 希望 .短语检测1. 合计 2. (使)平静下来;(使)镇定下来 3. 关心;挂念 4. 遭受;患病5. 经历;经受 6. 记下;放下;登记 7. 一连串的;一系列;一套 8. 故意地9. 为了10. 在黄昏时刻 11. 面对面地 12
7、. 参加;加入13. 对厌烦 14. 装箱打包15. 与相处;进展 .佳句再现1.状语从句的省略:while doing(遛狗的时候), you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 2.before 引导时间状语从句,意为“到之前”She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months (他们才被发现). 3. 强调句型:It is/was+被强调部分+that/whoI wonder if because I havent been able to be outd
8、oors for so long (我变得对 无比狂热) everything to do with nature. 4.固定句型:There was a time when有一段时期I can well remember that (有一段时期) a deep blue sky, the song of the birds 5.固定句型:It was the first time that是第一次做某事。it was the first time in a year and a half that (我目睹夜晚) face to face 【巧学助记】构词法记忆否定前缀 dis-,多用于动词
9、前 ,表示 “相反,相对”。 agree vi.同意,赞同disagree vi. 不同意appear vi.出现,显现disappear vi. 消失cover v.遮盖; 掩蔽discover vt.发现; 碰见like vt.喜欢dislike vt. 不喜欢close vt.关闭disclose vt.揭露规律记忆变化形式相同的单词upsetupsetupsetupsettingsetsetsetsettinghithithithittingcutcutcutcutting构词方式相同的短语face to face 面对面地heart to heart 心连心地shoulder to
10、shoulder 肩并肩地back to back 背靠背1 add vt.添加;补充说(1)add up sth/add sth up 把 加起来add up to 总共是;总计为add to 增加;增添add sth to sth 把加到/进 里(2)addition n. 加;增加; 附加in addition to 除了外(还)【图形助记】【活学活用】(1)We are here to add what we can to life, not to get what we can from it.我们来到世上是为了尽自己所能给生活增加一些东西, 而不是为了从生活中获取我们所能得到的一切
11、。(2)Each girl present at the party was wearing a flower in the hair,which added to their beauty.参加晚会的姑娘人人头上都戴有一朵花,使得她们显得愈加漂亮。(3)The dictionary is out of date: many words the language since it was published. 这部词典过时了:自从它出版以来,这门语言已增添了许多单词。(4)语法填空。In addition giving a general introduction to computers,
12、the course also provides practical experience. The trip, I believe, will add greatly our knowledge and understanding of our country. The teacher asked me if I was ready, (add) that everybody was waiting for me at the school gate. (5)用 add up/add to/add up to 的适当形式填空。A strong wind his difficulties, b
13、ut he was able to swim across the channel. They all the advantages and disadvantages and tried to come to a decision. The money she spends on clothes a month $1,000. 2 upset adj.心烦意乱的;不安的;不适的 vt. (to disturb the balance or stability)使不安;使心烦;弄翻, 打翻;打乱,扰乱(计划等)(1)be upset about/over/at sth 为某事烦心(2)(sth
14、) upset sb (某事) 使某人心烦意乱(sb) upset sth (某人) 打/弄翻某物upset oneself about sth 为某事烦恼【活学活用】(1)Never do something permanently stupid just because you are temporarily upset.别因为一时的不快,就做些影响一生的蠢事。(2)Whenever coming across upset things, smile, because everything will pass in the end. 无论何时遇到烦恼的事,笑一笑,因为最终一切都会过去的。(
15、3)Theres no need this. Im sure things will turn out all right. 不必为此不安,我确信事情终会好转的。(4)语法填空。Our plans (upset) by the sudden change in the weather, so we had to try another way. Not telling parents what you did at school could eventually make them even (upset). (5)一句多译。 most was that our flight was dela
16、yed because of the fierce storm.(名词性从句) most that our flight was delayed because of the fierce storm. (it 形式主语) Our flight was delayed because of the fierce storm, most. (定语从句) 最让我们沮丧的是,因为狂风暴雨我们的航班被推迟了。3 ignore vt.(to know about something but not to do anything about it)不顾;不理; 忽视(1)ignorance n. 无知;愚
17、昧(2)ignorant adj. 不了解的;无知的;愚昧的【活学活用】(1)Better not to ignore the past, but learn from it instead. Otherwise, history has a way of repeating itself. 最好不要忽略过去,而是要从中得到些教训。否则,历史会不断重复上演。(2)He who ignores outsiders is naturally ignored himself.忽视别人的人自然也会受到忽视。(3)语法填空。He speaks in a disordered manner, which
18、betrays his shallowness and (ignore). (ignore )the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. 4 calm vt. 平静下来 adj.沉着的; 镇静的;(of weather) free from storm or wind(天气、海洋等)平静的remain/keep/stay calm 保持冷静calm () down (使) 平静下来;(使)镇定下来【易混辨析】 calm,quiet,silent 与 st
19、illcalm 平静的,沉着的 ;指无风浪或人的心情不激动quiet 宁静的,安静的 ;指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑silent 寂静的,沉默的 ;指不说话或没有声音still 静止的,不动的 ;指(人体等)无运动的【活学活用】(1)Moved by what she said, he could hardly calm down.被她的那些话感动了,他很难平静下来。(2)The prime minister made a speech, hoping to calm the situation.首相做了一次演说,希望形势缓和下来。(3)She tried to look calm
20、as she opened the door for him to come in.她开门让他进来时,尽量表现得泰然自若。(4)That we should in the face of danger matters much in case of an emergency. 在紧急情况下,面对危险我们应该保持镇静,这点至关重要。(5)用 calm/quiet/silent/still 填空。We imagine a holiday at home for this summer after a busy year. I stood , my whole attention fixed upo
21、n the motions of her fingers. Although she was frightened,she answered with a voice. Much to my annoyance, he kept about some of the things that happened at school. 5 concern vt.使担忧;涉及;关系到 n.U关心; 关注; C关心的人或事(1)concern oneself about/with sth对感兴趣(2)be concerned about 关心; 忧虑as/so far asbe concerned 就而言
22、; 依之见(3)have/express concern for/about对表示关心/担心(4)concerning prep. 关于【活学活用】(1)The food safety is affecting the quality of human life, which has become a big concern in China and around the world.食品安全正影响到人类的生活质量,这已成为全国乃至全世界关注的一个焦点。 (2)With the global warming getting worse, people nowadays are more and
23、 more concerned about(=show more concern about) the environment where they live.随着全球变暖越来越严重,当今人们越来越关心他们居住的环境。(3) , both health and wealth are important to our life. 在我看来,健康和财富对我们的生活都很重要。(4)语法填空。He is concerned how much profit he can gain in this project. (concern ) about his sick wife, he hurried ho
24、me immediately after the meeting. The sales manager asked his men to inform him of everything (concern) the sales in time. (5)一句多译。 is whether these injured wild animals will be able to receive timely treatment. (concern) is whether these injured wild animals will be able to receive timely treatment
25、. (concerned) 人们所担心的是这些受了伤的野生动物能否得到及时的救治。6 power n.(the ability to do sth; political control of a country or an area)能力; 力量;权力;电 vt.(to supply power to especially a vehicle) 向提供动力(1)be in power 执政;掌权come to power=take power 上台;执政(2)have the power to do sth 具有做的能力beyond/out of ones power 力所不能及的do all
26、/everything in ones power=do ones best尽力而为;竭尽全力a power cut/failure 停电(3)powerful adj. 强健的;强而有力的powerless adj. 无影响力的;无权力的【活学活用】(1)We do not need magic to transform our world. We have carried all of the power we need inside ourselves already.改变世界不需要魔法,只要我们已发挥出内在的力量。(2)It is the power of speech that ma
27、kes men clearly different from animals.有无说话的能力是人与动物最明显的区别。(3) your camera , you will need some rechargeable batteries. 要为你的相机供电,你需要一些可充电电池。(4)语法填空。Not that John doesnt want to help you, but that its his power. The government has been power for twenty years, and is still going strong. At that moment
28、Mrs Jones (power) voice interrupted them, announcing a visitor. Only certain directors in the company have the power (sign) company cheques. They have invented a new car,which (power) by solar batteries. The local government did everything in its power (improve) the present air quality. 7 suffer vt.
29、遭受;忍受; 容忍 vi.to experience (emotional) pain or to put up with something or somebody unpleasant受苦 ;患病;受损失suffering n. U 痛苦;C苦难( 常用复数形式)suffer from 遭受(表示受苦的原因);患病温馨提示 (1)suffer 用作及物动词时 ,表示“受苦/痛/损失”,其后常跟 pain/loss/punishment/hardship/defeat/hunger/poverty等名词作宾语。(2)suffer用作不及物动词时,常与介词 from连用,意为“受折磨,受之苦,
30、患病”,其后的名词多表示非常具体的不幸或痛苦,如:suffer from a bad cold/headaches/trouble/overwork/floods/droughts/a natural disaster。【活学活用】(1)The soldiers above all others pray for peace, for it is the soldiers who must suffer and bear the deepest wounds and scars of war. 士兵比任何人都渴望和平,因为他们远比其他人更多地遭受战争带来的伤痛。(2)It was as a r
31、esult of the accident that the company suffered a heavy loss.正是由于那次事故,该公司才遭受了重大损失。(3) heart trouble for years, Professor White had to take some medicine with him wherever he went.(使用分词 ) 由于多年患有心脏病,怀特教授无论到哪里都要随身带药。(4)语法填空。Though we have suffered serious natural disasters, we are sure to overcome all
32、difficulties. Alice (suffer) from a bad cold, and Im afraid we cant call on her at the moment. As soon as she opened the door, Riley dashed into the boys room where Ann found Jack (suffer) from a heart attack. 8 recover vi.恢复; 重新获得(1)recover losses 弥补损失recover ones strength/balance恢复体力/身体平衡recover f
33、rom 从中恢复过来(2)recovery n. 恢复;复苏; 痊愈make a recovery from(=recover from) 从中恢复过来【活学活用】(1)In the good care of the nurses,the boy is gradually recovering from his heart operation. 心脏手术后, 在护士们的精心护理下,这个男孩身体渐渐地恢复了。(2)With the doctors help, the patient recovered quickly, and stood on his feet in just a few we
34、eks.在医生的帮助下,那位病人恢复得很快,几个星期后便站了起来。(3)The treasure, some of which lately, has been sent to the British Museum. 这些宝藏已被送往英国国家博物馆,其中有一些是最近才失而复得的。(4)语法填空。The owner has offered a reward for the (recover) of the stolen goods. The loss of my wife hit me for six; it took me months (recover). (recover )from fa
35、ilure is often easier than building from success. 1 go through (to suffer) 经受;经历;完成;(to be approved or accepted)通过;仔细检查get through 通过;接通电话through 浏览;往里面看 through 冲破;突破 see through 看穿;识破pull through 康复;渡过难关【活学活用】(1)Although he has gone through ups and downs, I believe he will succeed one day. 虽然他一直经历
36、沉浮, 但我相信他总有一天会成功的。(遭受,经历 )(2)Her application went through and she was employed.她的求职申请得到了批准,她被雇用了。(通过; 批准)(3)We spent days going through all related reference material.我们花了好多天来查阅所有有关的参考资料。(检查;审查)(4)With great concentration she went through the movements.她聚精会神地做完这些动作。(完成,做完)(5)用“动词+through”短语的适当形式填空。T
37、hey will never forget the experience they last year. Everyone was very concerned whether he would or not. newspapers every day and you can keep up with the rapidly developing situation. 2 set down (to write down or to record) 记下,写下;放下set out to do sth 开始/着手做某事set aside 留出;拨出(时间、金钱等 );不顾;把置于一边set up
38、设立;建立; 成立set 出发;动身; 引起; 使爆炸set about doing sth 着手做某事【活学活用】(1)Harriet would spy on her parents and neighbours,and then set it all down in her notebook.哈丽雅特常常暗中监视她的父母和邻居,并把情况一一记在笔记本里。(写下, 记下)(2)The bus stops regularly to set down and pick up passengers. 公共汽车按站停车,让乘客上下车。(放下)(3)用 set 相关短语的适当形式填空。He was
39、asked the facts just as he remembered them. With high-speed trains, people will factories and business centres in the west once and for all. From a long-term point of view, it is time for us to solving this problem. 3 get along with 与相处;进展(=get on with)get down to 开始认真做;开始着手做get 克服;摆脱get rid of 消灭;摆
40、脱; 除掉get through 电话接通;用完;正式通过【活学活用】(1)However, to get a happy home life, we have to get along with them as well as possible.然而,为了获得一种幸福的家庭生活,我们必须尽力与他们相处融洽。(与相处)(2)We were held up for materials at first, but now we are getting along quite nicely.我们起初因为材料问题停了工,但是现在进行得十分顺利。(进展 ;进行)(3)用 get 相关短语的适当形式填空。
41、You have to be happy with yourself before you can expect to others. I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we well. Believe in yourself. You will the difficulty. I dont know how they these cold winters. 4 on purpose=by design 故意地;有意地with/for the purpose of 目的是;为了by chance/by accident 偶然【活学
42、活用】(1)Whether on purpose or by mistake, Andrew was exchanged for the baby who came to be known as Steve.不管是故意还是由于差错,安德鲁被换成了后来叫史蒂夫的那个男孩。(2)He went to the library with/for the purpose of finding a book about Mark Twain. 他去图书馆的目的是找一本关于马克吐温的书。(3)用 on purpose, with/for the purpose of 和 by chance 填空。She b
43、roke the vase by accident. She didnt do it . He returned to his homeland serving his own people. I got this book at a second-hand bookshop. 1 While walking the dog,you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 在遛狗时,你不小心让狗挣脱了绳子,结果狗被汽车撞了。句型公式 “连词+ v.-ing/v.-ed/adj./n.”式的省略结构温馨提示 “While walk
44、ing the dog”是一种省略形式,补充完整为 :While you were walking the dog当状语从句中的主语同主句主语一致或者主语是 it,且从句主语后是 be动词时,从句的主语和 be动词可以同时省略。【活学活用】(1)While (he was) travelling in Europe,he found many interesting things and experienced different cultures.在欧洲旅行时,他发现了许多有趣的事情,经历了不同的文化风俗。(2)He is a man of few words. He never speak
45、s unless (he is) spoken to.他是一个沉默寡言的人,除非别人同他说话,否则他从不说话。(3)Although (the old professor was) against my opinion,he didnt come up with his own. 虽然老教授不同意我的观点,但他也提不出自己的观点。 (4)语法填空。When (take) according to the instructions, the drug has the least side effects. They were surprised by her openness when (tal
46、k) about her private life. (5)句式转换。While I was waiting for the bus by the roadside,I found a wallet on the ground. ,I found a wallet on the ground.(省略句) 在路边等公交车时,我发现地上有个钱包。2 I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with natu
47、re. 我不知道这是不是我这么久无法出门的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。句型公式 强调句【相关拓展】强调句的陈述句It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分.强调句的一般疑问句Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分?强调句的特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+is/was it+that+句子其他成分?notuntil句型的强调句It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分.温馨提示 (1)强调句型的语序: 强调句型在宾语从句中用陈述语序。如:I dont know what it was in the novel
48、that made him burst into tears.我不知道是小说中的什么东西使他突然泪如泉涌。(2)强调句型中的主谓一致现象:强调主语时,that/who 后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语在人称和数上保持一致。如:Its your efforts not your intelligence that determine your success.决定你成功的是你的努力而非智力。(determine 与 your efforts保持一致)(3)强调句型的判断方法:将 it is/was和 that/who同时去掉,看剩下的部分是否仍然是一个完整的句子。若完整,则是强调句型;若不完整,则为状语从句、定语从句或主语从句等。比较:“It is/was+时间点+w
