1、人教版新目标英语高二下选修8 Unit2：学案【知识点总复习】 Unit 2 Cloning核心单词1. differ v. 不同；相异；使相异常用结构：A differs from B in .A与B在方面不同A differs with B about/on/over. A与B就意见相左Their house differs from mine in having no garage. 他们的房子与我的不同，区别在于他们的没有车库。The two sides still differ with each other over the question of pay.双方在报酬的问题上仍各持
2、己见。 联想拓展difference n. 不同之处different adj. 不同的make a difference to 对产生变化；对什么有影响different from 与不同，不同于高手过招高手过招用适当的介词填空 （原创）The two squares differ colour but not size. The husband differs the wife who is to take charge of the money.It doesnt make a difference me whether you are going to stay.This is a d
3、ifferent car the one I drove yesterday.答案：1. in; in with; on/about/over to from2. undertake vt.（undertook;undertaken）着手;从事;承担；保证，答应常用结构：undertake sth. 着手/从事/承担某事undertake to do sth. 保证/答应做某事undertake that .保证The scientist undertakes the experiment. 这位科学家从事这项实验。I can undertake the responsibility for
4、the changes.我愿意承担这些变革的责任。The lawyer undertook a new case.那个律师接了一个新的案子。He undertook to finish the job by Friday.他答应星期五之前完成这项工作。高手过招翻译句子 （原创）他下个月要去西部旅行。He will undertake a journey to the west next month. 我不能保证按时做完它。I cant undertake that Ill finish it on time.3. objectionn. 不赞成；反对；异议常用结构：have an object
5、ion to . 反对raise/voice an objection 提出异议联想拓展object v. 反对，不赞成n. 物体;目标object to sb./sth. 不赞成某人/某事object to doing sth. 反对做某事 object that . 反对No one objected to the plan.没有人反对这项计划。We object to being treated like this.我们反对受到这样的待遇。Why do some people object to human cloning? 为什么一些人反对克隆人类呢？Mother objected t
6、hat Jimmy was too weak to take up the job. 母亲反对说，吉米身体太虚弱，不能承担那份工作。The building is the main object of his interest. 他最感兴趣的是这栋建筑物。高手过招单项填空We to punishing a whole group for one persons fault. （201001江西南昌检测）Complain B. object C. oppose D. resist解析：选B。句意为：我们反对因为一个人的错误而惩罚整体。object to doing sth.反对做某事。 4. o
7、btain vt. 获得；赢得易混辨析obtain/acquire/gain/earn/achieveobtain意为 “获得，买到 ”。指通过努力或请求而得到，含有满足要求或得达到目的的意味，用于正式语体中。acquire意为“经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等，也可用于表示对财物等的获得”，强调“一经获得就会长期持有”的含义。gain意为“通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处；亦可指军事上的武力夺取等 ”。earn意为“挣得，赢得”，指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。achieve意为“得到；获得”，多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。He failed to obtain a scholarship.他没有
8、获得奖学金。I finally managed to obtain a copy of the report.我终于设法弄到了这个报告的副本。We should try to acquire good habits.我们应该努力养成好习惯。He found it easy to earn extra money.他发现赚点额外收入很容易。But we can only achieve it together.然而，只有共同奋斗才能实现它。高手过招翻译句子 （原创）The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts
9、.那位新闻记者立即着手获取这些重要的事实。Knowledge can be obtained through study.知识可通过学习获得。 5. forbid vt. (forbade/forbad; forbidden) 禁止；不准；阻止；妨碍常用结构：forbid sth./doing sth. 禁止，不许（做某事）forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事The law forbids the use of chemical fertilizers. 法律禁止使用化学肥料。I forbid you to tell anyone. 我不准你告诉任何人。高手过招翻译句子
10、（原创）飞机上禁止吸烟。Smoking is forbidden on the plane. 他爸爸不准他和她交谈。His father forbade him to talk to her.要禁止小孩不玩电脑游戏很难。It is hard to forbid children to play computer games. 6. owevt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；应该把归功于；感激，感恩常用结构：owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb. 欠(某人)债owe sth. to sb./sth.将某事物归因或归功于某人/事He owes his father 50. = He
11、 owes 50 to his father. 他欠他父亲50英镑。We owe this discovery to Newton. 我们把这一发现归功于牛顿。高手过招用适当的介词填空 （原创）How much do I owe you the groceries?He owes his success more luck than ability.I owe a lot my wife and children. 答案：forto; to to 7. resistvt.抵抗；对抗常用结构：resist sth. 抵制；阻挡某事resist doing sth. 反对做某事cant resis
12、t doing sth. 忍不住做某事The nation was unable to resist the invasion. 该国无力抵抗侵略。A healthy body resists disease. 健康的身体能抵御疾病。I could hardly resist laughing. 我忍不住笑了。resistance n. 抵抗，反抗；抵抗力resistant adj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的be resistant to sb./sth.对某人/某事有抵抗力resister n. 抵制者；抗拒者；电阻器高手过招翻译句子 （原创）He resisted being carried o
13、ff.他阻挡别人把他带走。 She can not resist the temptation of chocolate.她无法抗拒巧克力的诱惑 。重点短语8. pay off得到好结果，取得成功(常用主动语态)；偿清债款；付清工资解雇；(对进行)报复；收买(某人)At last, his hard work paid off. 最后，他的努力得到了回报。Did your plan pay off? 你的计划成功了吗?联想拓展pay for付的钱；为而付出代价pay back sth./pay sb. back sth. 偿还某物/偿还某人某物pay sb. .for sth. 因某事而付给某
14、人pay sb. .to do sth. 付给某人去做某事pay sb. back for sth. 向报复 高手过招（1）单项填空If you go for a long ride in a friends car, its the custom to offer to some of the expenses. （201001江苏启东检测）A. pay B. pay off C. pay for D. pay back（2）用pay的相关短语填空（原创）After ten years of hard working she finally her debt.Our efforts are
15、sure to .Have you the milkman this week?Have you the money the bank yet?I will you next week.答案：(1)解析：选C。根据句意可知，这里表示为偿付一部分费用，故选C。pay for 为而付钱；为付出代价。(2) paid offpay offpaidpaid; topay; back9. in favour of 赞成;支持；有利于；主张I am in favour of stopping work now. 我赞成现在停止工作。in sb.s favour 对某人有利do sb. a favour /
16、do a favour for sb. 帮某人忙do sb. the favour to do sth./do sb. a favour by doing sth.帮助某人做某事favour vt. 赞同；支持The child favours his father with his brown eyes. 这个孩子棕色的眼睛像他的父亲。 温馨提示表示支持，赞同某人/某事除了用in favour of之外；还可以用：be for sb./sth.; stand on ones side等。be against sb./sth.表示不支持，不赞同某人/某事。 高手过招(1)单项填空I dont
17、like to ask people for help as a rule but I wonder if you could me a favour. （201001江苏启东检测）A. make B. do C. find D. get(2)用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空 （原创）in case of/in consequence of/in favour of/in possession ofAll his family are his decision to work in western area after graduation.While reading, coming acros
18、s new words, youd better guess their meanings rather than refer to the dictionary.Mary told me that she was some lovely jewels.They had to move to another city the typhoon. 答案：(1)解析：选B。句意为：通常我不喜欢向别人寻求帮助，但我希望你能帮我的忙。do sb. a favour 帮某人忙。(2)in favour of in case of 10. (be) bound to do .一定或注定(做)The weat
19、her is bound to get better tomorrow. 明天天气一定会变好的。 Youve done so much work that youre bound to pass the exam.你下了这么大功夫, 一定能通过考试。 联想拓展 bound v. 跳跃;限制;形成的界限n. 跳跃;界限;范围adj.必然的,一定的be bound to sth. 受限制；被所束缚 be bound for 准备到去；开往；去地方be bound up with 与有密切关系 高手过招用括号内所给词语的适当形式填空 （原创）These problems were almost bo
20、und (arise). When you are dealing with so many patients, mistakes (bound) happen. 答案： to arise are bound to 11. be in good/poor condition状况很好（坏）;情况很好（坏）联想拓展out of condition 状况欠佳working/living/studying conditions工作/生活/学习环境on condition (that). 在条件下；倘若 on no condition 一点也不; 决不in excellent condition 处于极
21、佳的状况The ship is not in a condition/is in no condition to make a long voyage. 此船的现状不适宜远航。The car is still in excellent condition. 这辆汽车状况极佳。 高手过招用适当的介词填空 （原创）The car has been well maintained and is excellent condition. Hes excellent condition a man of his age. I had no exercise for ages; Im really of
22、condition. You can go out condition that you wear an overcoat.答案： in in; for out on 重点句型12. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. 接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。当时间副词now, then位于句首，谓语是come, appear等表示出现一类的动词时，主句用全倒装语序。Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。高手过招单项填空In the dark forests , some large enough to hold several English towns. （201001河南镇平检测）A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakesC. many lakes lie D. many lakes stand解析：选B。考查词语辨析及倒装语序。当地点状语位于句首时，主句用全部倒装，表示某物存在于某处，应用动词lie。
