1、2001年考研翻译真题解析In less than 30 years time the Star Trek holodeck will be a reality. Direct links between the brains nervous system and a computer will also create full sensory virtual environments, allowing virtual vacations like those in the film Total Recall.71) There will be television chat shows h
2、osted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend. 72) Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell-television, and di
3、gital age will have arrived.According to BTs futurologist, Ian Pearson, these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium (a period of 1,000 years), when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life.73)Pearson has pieced together
4、the work of hundreds of researchers around the world, to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine, including an extended life expect
5、ancy and dozens of artificial organs coming into use between now and 2040.Pearson also predicts a breakthrough in computer-human links. By linking directly to our nervous system, computers could pick up what we feel and, hopefully, simulate feeling too so that we can start to develop full sensory en
6、vironments, rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck, he says. 74)But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of man-machine integration: It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of
7、the next century.Through his research, Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted. However, there are still no forecasts for when faster-than-light travel will be available, or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible. But he doe
8、s expect social problems as a result of technological advances. A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will, for example, cause problems in 2010, while the arrival of synthetic lifelike robots will mean people may not be able to distinguish between their human friends and the? 75)And home appli
9、ances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.71There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.结构分析：本句的主干结构是 there will be后面带
10、的两个并列名词 television chat show和cars，这两个名词在句中做主语。 其中第一主语 television chat show后面又接了一个过去分词做后置定语。第二个名词主语 cars后面接了介词 with pollution monitors做后置定语，其后又接了 that引导的定语从句，那么引导词 that修饰前面哪个名词一般由三个条件来确定：1. 就近原则，也就是修饰最靠近 that的前面的名词，2. 看其前面名词的核心成分；3. 依据意思和后面的谓语动词的语法搭配来定。句子最后部分是由 when引导的时间状语从句。这个句子还难在人称代词 they指代前面的哪个名词
11、，在 they前面出现两个复数名词 monitors和 cars，依据意思搭配那当然是 cars(汽车)冒犯 monitors(检测器)。核心词汇：television chat shows电视谈话节目；hosted by robots 由机器人主持的，cars with pollution monitors 装有污染监控器的汽车；disable them 使汽车失灵(停止运行)；them 和 they指代汽车；offend (多义词)指汽车污染超标，违规参考译文：届时，将出现由机器人主持的电视谈话节目以及装有污染监控器的汽车，一旦这些汽车排污超标(违规)，监控器就会使其停下来或停驶。测试点：
12、并列名词；过去分词和介词短语做后置定语；状语从句；代词指代72Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell- television, and digital age will have arrived.结构分析：本句的主干结构是 and连接的四个并列的简单句。第一个句子的
13、宾语 dolls后面接了一个过去分词 equipped with personality chips做其后置定语。第二个句子的主语computers后面接了介词短语 with in-built personalities做其后置定语；第三和第四个句子的结构简单。核心词汇：Be equipped with装备有，安装有；personality chips 个性芯片；in-built personalities内置个性芯片 (personalities 等于 personality chips)；workmates rather than(而不是) tools 是并列结构，表示选择。relaxat
14、ion 休闲、放松、娱乐、消遣； smell-television 气味电视机；digital age 数字化时代参考译文：儿童将与装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有内置个性芯片的计算机将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具，人们将在气味电视机前休闲，届时数字化时代就来到了。测试点：过去分词做后置定语；rather than 连接的并列名词结构；73Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar
15、 that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.结构分析：本句是的主语是 Pearson，谓语是 has pieced together，宾语是 the work，其后用了介词 of hundreds of researchers做后置定语，hundreds of 是个固定短语修饰researchers。后面 around the world又做后置定语，修饰前面的名词 researchers。不定式 to produce a
16、unique millennium technology calendar做目的状语，后面 that引导的是个定语从句，修饰前面的先行词 calendar，而 when引导的又是一个定语从句，修饰其前面的名词 dates，谓语动词 expect后面接了两个并列名词 breakthroughs和discoveries做并列宾语，不定式 to take place做前面名词 discoveries的后置定语。核心词汇：Pearson 皮尔森(人名音译)；pieced together 汇集，综合；hundreds of 数百项；around the world =throughout the wo
17、rld=all over the word 世界各地，全世界；produce 编制（因为动词的意思一般依据后面的名词意思来确定，由于 produce的宾语是calendar(台历)，因此翻译成“编制，编写”）；a unique millennium technology calendar 一个独特的技术千年历；the latest dates 最近日期；key breakthroughs 重大突破，关键性突破。参考译文：皮尔森汇集了世界各地数百位研究人员的成果，来编制出一个独特的技术千年历，这个台历列出了我们有望看到数百项重大突破和发现的最近日期。74But that, Pearson poi
18、nts out, is only the start of man-machine integration: It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.结构分析：本句的主语是代词 that，指代前面出现的名词 breakthrough，谓语是动词 is，中间的 Pearson points out是个插入结构，翻译表达时常要提前。表语是 on
19、ly the start of man-machine integration，冒号后面的结构也是个系表结构，但表语 the beginning后面接了一个很长的介词短语 of the long process of integration做后置定语。That 引导的是定语从句，修饰前面的名词短语的核心成分 the beginning。核心词汇：point out 指出；start=beginning 开始；man-machine integration 人机一体化；在the long process of integration结构中，integration 前省略了定语 man-machi
20、ne，翻译时要补出。ultimately(最终)；lead to(它的基本义是导致，促使的意思，但是由于它的宾语是 a fully electronic human，因此应该理解为：研制出，记住在翻译表达时动词的意思常依据后面名词的汉语意思来定)。a fully electronic human 完全电子化的仿真人；before the end of the next century 在下世纪末之前。参考译文：皮尔森指出，但是这个突破只不过是人机一体化的开始：它将是人机一体化漫长过程的开始，这一开始最终会使人们在二十世纪末之前就能研制出完全电子化的仿真人。测试点：that 代词指代；插入结构；
21、名词短语；定语从句；词义表达75And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.结构分析：本句的主干部分是 so(如此)that(以至于)连接的结果状语从句，在 that后面的从句里，controlling and operating them 是个动名词短语，充当句子的主语。谓语是result in(导致)，宾语是 the breakout，后面是介词 of a new psychological disorder做后置定语，破折号后面是个名词短语，做前面名词的补充说明。核心词汇：home appliances 家用电器；smart (在科技英语里，要理解成：聪明，智能化)；operate操作；result in the breakout of 引发，导致出现；psychological disorder 心理混乱(失调)；kitchen rage 厨房狂燥症，厨房愤怒。参考译文：家用电器将也会变得如此智能化，以至于控制和操作这些电器将会引发一种新的心理疾病-厨房狂燥症。测试点：结果状语从句；专业定词义；词义表达。
