1、英语（八年级上册） Unit 6 Birdwatching GrammarI. Teaching aims and learning objectivesBy the end of the lesson, students should be able to:1. use to-infinitive to express purpose in the context;2. use some verbs with objects and to-infinitives in the context;3. learn to talk about where to visit in our homet
2、own using to-infinitives.II. Teaching contents1. New words and phrases: in order to, write down, for any reason 2. New structures: We ask people not to catch birds for any reason. Max tells funny jokes and often makes me laugh.She saw a baby panda drink her mothers milk.Millie and Amy heard someone
3、sing in the park.He also encouraged us to describe the birds.III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficultyUnderstand and use some verbs with objects and to-infinitives, especially some verbs in this structure with infinitives without to. IV. Teaching procedures来源:学优高考网A Using to-infiniti
4、ves for purposeStep 1 Lead-in1. Free talk T: Have you ever watched the programme “Dad, where are we going”?S: Yes!来源:学优高考网 gkstkT: What do you think of this programme?S: There are always funny stories between fathers and children. T: Yeah, I also like this programme because it tells us both interest
5、ing and moving stories between fathers and children when they travel to different places. 2. Show and talk Show some pictures about the programme and talk about them. T: Now, look at this picture. Why did they go to the seaside?S: They went to the seaside to go fishing.T: How about this one? Why did
6、 children go to the market?S: They went to the market to buy some food.Step 2 Presentation1. Explain to-infinitivesT: In these two sentences, we use “to go fishing” and “to buy some food” to express our purposes. Thats what we are going to learn today.2. Find the to-infinitivesT: There are also some
7、 sentences with to-infinitives for purpose in the reading part. Can you find them out?S1: Now the Chinese government has made laws to prevent all these things in Zhalong.S2: The members of our Birdwatching Society go to study the birds in Zhalong. S3: Every year, a lot of tourists go to Zhalong to w
8、atch the birds. 3. Explain “in order to”T: Dont forget this sentence: Some people want to make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings. It also expresses the purpose. T: Actually, “in order to” carries the same meaning as “to”. However, it is more formal than “to”.T:
9、 Now lets look at this example: Fathers started early in order to get to Zhalong in time. And we can also change the sentence like this: In order to get to Zhalong in time, fathers started early. T: Pay attention: Dont forget a comma to separate the two sentences when “in order to” comes at the begi
10、nning of the sentence.Step 3 Practice1. Describe the pictures with “to-infinitives”来源:gkstk.ComT: Since we have known the grammatical rules, lets practice making sentences with “to-infinitives” and “in order to”. For example: The children play football to keep fit in the first picture. T: What about
11、 the second one? Where are the children now?S: In the cave.T: Why do the children go into the cave?S: The children go into the cave to look for treasure.2. Describe the pictures with “in order to”T: Now, fathers and children have come to North-east China. Its so cold there. How do they keep warm?S:
12、They must put on more coats. T: Can you make a sentence with “in order to”? S: They put on more coats in order to keep warm.T: Its so cold that they are afraid of catching a cold, right?来源:学优高考网 gkstkS: Yes! T: So they put on more coats in order not to catch a cold. Pay attention to the negative mea
13、ning.B Using verbs + object + to-infinitivesStep 1 Presentation来源 :学优高考网 1. Explain to-infinitives as object complement(1) Find to-infinitivesT: In fact, there are more sentences with “to-infinitives” in the article. Can you find them out?S1: We are now inviting them to help us.S2: We need more peop
14、le to count and describe the birds.T: Pay attention to the structures: “invite sb. to do sth.” and “need sb. to do sth.”.(2) Work out the rule T: Lets work out the rule: verbs + object + to-infinitives. Verbs of this kind include “tell, ask, invite, need, and want”. Do you know how to express a nega
15、tive meaning?S: We can add “not” in front of “to do sth.”T: Perfect! That is “tell, ask, invite, need, and want” + “sb. not to do sth.”.(3) Fill in the blanks and check the answersT: Something interesting is happening between fathers and children. Do you want to know? S: Yeah!T: Lets fill in the bla
16、nks to see what happened to them. The villagers invited fathers and their children _ (come) to dinner in their homes.The members of the Birdwatching Society teach children _ (count) the birds.The Head of the Village told children _ (not play) near the lake.Children helped their fathers _ (do) the ho
17、usework. 2. Explain to-infinitives without “to” as object complement (1) Show some examplesT: This time fathers and children had a good time in the zoo. What did they see? Lets go and have a look.T: They watched a monkey ride a bike.They saw an elephant play football. They saw a tiger jump through r
18、ings.The zookeeper let/made the dolphins play some tricks.They heard many people shout excitedly.(2) Work out the rules:T: From these examples, we have known that we can use some verbs with infinitives without “to”. Lets sum up the verbs together.T: Among all children, I think the boy Stone is the m
19、ost energetic. So we often see Stone run quickly, right? But now, he isnt running. Just now I saw Stone playing football with his father and Kimi. So when an action often happens and when we see the whole process of an action, we can use the structure: see sb. do sth However, when we see part of an
20、action or when the action is in progress, we use the structure like this: see sb. doing sth.Step 2 Practice1. A game T: Boys and girls, as you have learned much today, maybe you will be a little bit tired. Lets play a game. I have prepared something surprising for you. Which one would you like to ch
21、oose?T: You are lucky to choose “Correct the mistakes”. Do you know how to make the right corrections? T: Lets do some practice of “Sentence pattern transformation”.T: Some exercises of “Multiple Choice” for you. Would you like to have a try?T: You are lucky to see fathers and children again. Can yo
22、u tell me what they are doing using the given phrases? 2. Free talkT: Good news for you! Its said that the scene of the program Dad, where are going will be filmed in our hometown, Yangzhou. Then some problems will follow: What places can they visit? What can they do here? What food can they eat? Do
23、 you have any good suggestions? Lets have a discussion. T: There is much to see and to do in our hometown. For example, Jinghua Shopping Mall is so modern and large. They can go there to T: If they are interested in local colours, Dongguan Street is a good place to go. They can go there to enjoy T:
24、The Slender West Lake is so famous that every year many tourists come to visit it. In order to , they can go to the Slender West Lake. And we often see people 3. Make a dialogue in pairsT: Now each pair introduces one place to the fathers and children using what we have learned today.Step 3 Sum upT:
25、 Lets have a summary.Use to-infinitives for purpose (用动词不定式表目的): to = in order to Verb + object +to-infinitive (动词+宾语+动词不定式）ask, (tell, want ) + sb. + (not) to + do + sth.let, (make, have) + sb. + do + sth.help + sb. + (to) + do + sth.V. HomeworkCan you imagine (想象) a special experience when showing fathers and children around our city? Please write a short passage (around 70 words) about it using as many “to-infinitives” that we learned today as possible.
