1、Unit 2 The United Kingdom一、语言要点I 单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词语辨析1. divide/separate 2. puzzle/confuse3.debate/argue/discuss/quarrel 4.influence/affect/effect 1. convenience n.便利，方便,适合convenient adj.便利的,方便的conveniently adv.便利地2. attraction n.吸引,吸引力 attractive adj. 吸引人的,有魅力的attract v. 吸引3. construct v.建造,构造
2、,建立 construction n.建筑,建设4. arrange v. 安排,协商 arrangement n. 排列,安排5.collect v.收集, 聚集, 集中 collection n.收藏, 征收, 搜集品6. fair adj. 公平地, 公正地, unfair adj. 不公平的词形变化7.suggest vt.建议, 暗示 suggestion n. 提议, 意见, 暗示 ,重点单词1. consist vi.由.组成, 在于, 一致2. clarify v.澄清 , 阐明3. convenience n.便利, 方便, 有益, 有用的, 方便的用具、4. influen
3、ce n. and he couldnt find the cause.Keys: 1）puzzled 2）confused 3）confusing 4）puzzled3) debate/argue/discuss/quarrel 辩论,争论【解释】debate 就已经确定或统一的问题,各述己见,公开,正式的争论.含交锋的意思argue 指提出理由或事实，试图在争辩中说服对方，或促使他人拥护自己倡导的理由或观点：discuss 指一般讨论,谈论quarrel 常指因琐事而感到气愤,进行争吵【练习】选择 debate/argue/discuss/quarrel 或 puzzle 并用其适当的形式
4、填空1）The couple are always _quarreling about the past.2）Have you _ the problem with anyone?3）I _ with her all day about the situation.Keys: 1）quarreling 2）discussed 3）argued4) influence/affect【解释】Affect 着重影响一个人的感情或健康，也指事物受到影响influence 影响,指对人或事物起某种作用，使其行为,性格或观点等发生变化，常含有潜移默化的意味.【练习】选择 influence 或 affec
5、t 并用其适当的形式填空1) The noise from the street _affected my study.2) Outside factors _influenced him to resign.3) My parents _ my childhood a great deal.Keys: 1) affected 2) influenced 3) influencedIII 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1. convenience n.便利，方便,适合 convenient adj.便利的,方便的 conveniently adv.便利地2. attraction n.
6、吸引,吸引力 attractive adj. 吸引人的 ,有魅力的 attract v. 吸引3. construct v.建造,构造,建立 construction n.建筑,建设4. arrange v. 安排,协商 arrangement n. 排列,安排5.collect v.收集, 聚集, 集中 collection n.收藏, 征收, 搜集品6. fair adj. 公平地, 公正地, unfair adj. 不公平的7.suggest vt.建议, 暗示 suggestion n. 提议, 意见, 暗示 ,【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) These meals are
7、 quick and _ to prepare. We provide these meals for the _ of the customers. (convenience)2) What _ me first was that there is a beautiful house with an _ garden.(attraction)3) They had an _ that the children would spend their holiday abroad.(arrange)4) The classic music _ his childhood, and he thoug
8、ht that listening to the music has a calming _ on him. (influence)5) A new city of Wenchuan is still under _, although it was _ a half year ago.(construct)6) At the whole classmates_, the head teacher _ they should go camping this weekend. (suggest)keys: 1) convenient; convenience 2) attracted; attr
9、active 3) arrangement 4) influenced; influence 5) construction; constructed 6) suggestion; suggestedIV 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. consist vi.由.组成, 在于, 一致consist of=be made up of 由组成; 由构成典例1) Substances consist of small particles called molecules. 物质是由叫做分子的微粒组成的。2) True charity doesnt consist in almsgivin
10、g. 真正的慈善不在于施舍。 练习翻译:1) 这支球队由 12 人组成。_2) 这位艺术家的风格上的美在于它的简朴。_Keys: 1) the team consists of 12 players. 2)The beauty of the artists style consists in its simplicity.2. clarify v.澄清 , 阐明典例 1)-Could you clarify the first point please? 请你澄清第一个要点，好吗?-I dont understand it completely，either我也并不完全理解。2) His mi
11、nd suddenly clarified. 他的脑子突然清醒过来。练习 翻译句子1)她写信详细说明她的意图. _2)澄清某人的立场_Keys: 1)She wrote a letter to clarify her intentions. 2) clarify ones position3. convenience n.便利, 方便, 有益, 有用的, 方便的用具典例1) We bought this house for its convenience我们买下这所房子是为了方便。2) Please come at your convenience请在你方便的时候来。3) Gas is one
12、 of the modern conveniences the newly-built apartment building provides这幢新造的公寓大楼装有煤气等现代化设备。重点用法 inconvenience n 不方便convenient adj 便利的，适宜的at ones convenience 在某人方便的时候for ones convenience(of)为了某人的方便for conveniences sake 为了方便起见make a convenience of 利用练习翻译句子1) 如果方便就来看看我。_2) 你方便明天开始工作吗?_Keys: 1)Come and
13、see me if it is convenient to you2) Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow?4. influence n. you should hold your own decision.别被他影响了你，你该有你自己的决定。重点用法have influence on/with对 产生影响under the influence of 在.的影响下练习翻译句子1） 父母亲的行为总会给孩子带来影响。_2） 在议会的影响下，总统改变了主意。_Keys: 1) What parents do always has
14、influence on their children. 2) The president changed his idea under the influence of the senate.5. available adj.可用到的, 可利用的 ,有空的, 典例 1) Attention，pleaseThese tickets are available on the day of issue only请注意，这种车票仅在发售当天有效2) Dresses are not available in your size, Im afraid. 这些衣服恐怕没有你的尺寸。重点用法反义词：unav
15、ailable 考例单项填空We regret to inform you that there are no tickets _ for Fridays performance.A. available B. spare C. convenient D. affordable【解析】 根据句意“我们很遗憾地通知你星期五的演出票没有了”。可知 available “可提供的，可得到的”，常作后置定语。答案：A 。练习翻译句子1) 这里没有这本书。_2)在拥挤的地方,没有车位可用。_Keys: 1) This book is not available here. 2) In the busy
16、place, no car parking is available for use.6. arrange v.安排, 排列, 协商典例1) The child was required to arrange his shoes in a neat row by his parents.家长要这个小孩把鞋放成整齐的一排 2) He was arranged by his family to marry a girl of his own class 他家里安排他娶一个门当户对的女孩。重点用法arrange for 安排 , 准备arrange with sb. about sth.与某人商定某
17、事练习翻译句子1) 你得在会议开始前把书架上的书整理好。2）他们在秘密地为一场盛大婚礼做准备Keys: 1) You should finish arranging the books on the shelves before the meeting. 2) They are arranging for a big wedding secretly.7. delight n.快乐, 高兴, 喜悦 v. (使) 高兴, (使)欣喜典例 1) Sometimes an old movie can still delight the people who have a sweet memory f
18、or the old days.有时一部旧片仍能给怀念旧时光的人们带来喜悦。2) The movie Xi Yangyang 分开,分离练习请填人适当的介词或副词： 1)To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it _ into pieces.2) The elevator broke _.3) Fighting broke_ in the prison cells.4)Fire broke _during the night. 5) On the way to the prison house, the prison
19、ers suddenly broke _ from the policeman.Keys: 1) down 2) down 3) out 4) out 5) away3. leave out 省去,遗漏典例1) You have left out the most important word in this sentence你在这一句中遗漏了最重要的一个单词。2) Dont leave me out when you invite people to your party当你邀请人们去参加晚会时，别把我漏掉了。重点用法leave for 动身到(某处)leave alone 不管;撇下一个人
20、leave aside 搁置leave behind 遗忘;遗留练习请填人适当的介词或副词：1) They were left _ in the wilderness. 2) He was asked to make up the information left _ by the leader.Keys: 1) alone 2) outVI 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）1. There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.没有
21、必要去争论为什么要用不同的词去描述这四个国家。解释There is no need to do 没有必要做某事There is no doubt that 是毫无疑问的练习汉译英1) 我们有必要再去那一趟吗?_2) 没必要给他写封信告知这个消息._Keys:1) Is there any need for us to go there again?2) There is no need to write to him and inform him the news.1. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism sho
22、uld have lived and died in London.这似乎是一件怪事:这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，而且在伦敦去世.解释 It is/seems/that 从句用虚拟语气，由“should+v.原形”构成典例1) It is strange that my mother should agree with me.真奇怪我妈妈竟然答应了我。2) It was strange that my mother should have agreed with me. 真奇怪我妈妈竟然答应了我。练习翻译1） 真奇怪,他竟然考试不及格._2） 似乎很奇怪，他能够通过触摸判断花的种类
23、。_Key: 1)Its strange that he should fail the exam. 2) It seemed strange that he could tell the different kinds of flower by touching.二、课文要点1 课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：The United Kingdom 1 （由组成） four countries: England, 2 , Scotland and Northern Ireland, 3 is known to the
24、 world in a flag 4 (call) the Union Jack. The four countries do work together in some areas, but they have developed different 5 (教育的) and legal systems. England, the largest of the four countries, is 6 (大致) divided into three zones. Its capital, 7 , has been influenced by the invaders of England, a
25、nd you will find 8 greatest historical treasure in it.答案：1. consists of 2. Wales 3. which 4. called 5. educational 6. roughly 7. London 8. the 2 课文大意概括 （旨在训练用 30 个单词概括大意的能力）阅读课文，试着用 30 来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语。从短文中我们得知联合王国由四个国家：英格兰，威尔士，苏格兰和北爱尔兰组成。它还介绍了英国和伦敦，并说明英格兰文化如何受到入侵者的影响。From the passage we know _
26、答案：From the passage we know the United Kingdom consists of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. It also gives us a brief introduction of England and London, and explains how the culture of England was influenced by its invaders3 课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）1【原句】The greatest
27、historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings.模仿要点 将两个简单句合并成一句，并很好地运用 with + N. 作定语。【模仿】1.作为奥运项目，射击稳步发展，1896 年奥运会只有三个项目，现今有 17 项。(NMET2008)_答案：As an Olympic sport, shooting has been developing steadily with only three events in 1896 but 17 even
28、ts at the moment.【模仿】2. 如收门票，需建大门围墙，会影响城市形象。_答案：With entrance fees charged, it will become necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appearance of the city2【原句】There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.模仿要点 句子结构：there is
29、 no need to do sth【模仿】1 你没有必要花很多时间做英语练习而不加思考。_答案：There is no need to spend much of your spare time doing English exercises without think of their rules.【模仿】2 我们没有必要再争论学生该不该上网，我们所要做的应该是充分使用网络来扩大我们的知识而尽量避免它的负面影响。_答案：There is no need to debate /quarrel/ discuss any more whether students should surf the
30、 Internet or not. What we should do now is to make good use of the net to increase our knowledge and try to avoid its bad effect.3【原句】Now when people refer to England you find Wakes included as well.模仿要点 句子结构：when you will find sb included as well【模仿 1】 当人们谈到我们班的高材生时，你会发现汤姆也包括其中。_答案：Now when people
31、refer to the top students in our class, you will find Tom included as well.Li Pings name , I think, must be mentioned as well.【模仿 2】 当老师表语哪些工作出色的人时，我敢说，你会发现姆也包括其中。_答案：When the teacher praises the whose who do well in their jobs, I dare say, you will find Tom included as well.三、单元自测 1 完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其
32、大意，然后从 2130 各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。字数：181 完成时间：14 分钟难度：*The legal age for smoking in Japan is 20 and as the country s 570,000 tobacco vending machines ( 自动售货机) prepare for a July regulation requiring them to ensure buyers are not minors, a company has developed a 21 to identify age by
33、 studying facial features.By having the customer look into a digital camera 22 to the machine, Fujitaka Cos system will 23 facial characteristics, such as wrinkles surrounding the eyes, bone structure and skin sags (松弛), to the facial data of over 100,000 people, Hajime Yamamoto, a company spokesman
34、 said.“With face 24 , so long as youve got some change and you are an adult, you can buy cigarettes like before. The problem of 25 borrowing (identification) cards to purchase cigarettes could be 26 as well,“ Yamamoto said.But due to concerns about its accuracy, the facial identification method has
35、yet to be 27 . Yamamoto said the system could 28 identify about 90 percent of the 29 , with the remaining 10 percent sent to a “grey zone“ for minors that look 30 , and baby-faced adults, where they would be asked to insert their driving license.21. A. system B. machine C. program D. monitor22. A. a
36、dded B. attached C. covered D. devoted23. A. prefer B. adjust C. lead D. compare24. A. features B. structure C. recognition D. expression25. A. students B. youths C. adults D. minors26. A. avoided B. clarified C. raised D. improved27. A. corrected B. approved C. updated D. spread28. A. completely B.
37、 correctly C. specifically D. partly29. A. smokers B. sellers C. lookers-on D. users30. A. older B. younger C. wiser D. nicer答案：21. A。从第二段及最后一段第一句可以判断：一家日本公司研制出一套年龄识别体系。22. B。attach to 所附的， “附在机器上的数码相机”。其他三个选项不符合语境。23. D。compare . to . “系统将面部特征与十万多人的面部数据进行对比” 。其他三个选项动词尽管可以和 to 连用，但不符合语境。24. C。 featu
38、res 特征，structure 构造，recognition 识别，expression 表情，选项 C 符合语境。25. D。从文章第一句及最后一句可以判断。minor 未成年人，本文首句提到吸烟的合法年龄是 20 岁，自动售货 机要确保购买者不是未成年人。26. A。年龄识别系统可以避免未成年人借用身份证购买香烟的问题。clarify 澄清。27. B。因涉及到准确性问题，这套面部识别方法还有待批准。28. B。该系统能正确识别出约 90%的使用者。29. D。从第一段 to ensure buyers are not minors 判断，该系统识别的是使用自动售货机购买香烟者。故选 u
39、sers。30. A。从 baby-faced adults 可得提示。有 10%的长相显老的未成年人和娃娃脸的成年人进入“灰色地带” 。2. 语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 31-40 的相应位置上。字数：182 完成时间：9 分钟 难度：*For many times in the past years I went to the hospital for some minor 31 (treat) during my travel in other cities. It wa
40、s the 32 (sad) moment of my life, I think, because nobody would come to the hospital to visit me. 33 patients had family or friends to visit them during the visiting hours I felt really alone. 34 is it possible that out of a whole world full of people, 35 would come to visit me for just an hour? The
41、 answer in my case was simple. With a bit of medication (药物治疗), I was back in the stream of life again. But I 36 (leave) with a deep thought for all the people and the elderly. 37 knows how many others that lie in the hospital with nobody 38 (visit) them or give a kind word of comfort? I had this wonderful idea of forming 39 organization in cities around the world, getting to hospitals to visit the patients who never get a visit and someone local could drop 40 with a
