1、.单句语法填空1.The teacher went into the classroom silently so as not _(disturb) the students.2.What could he do but _(forgive) her?3.The rooms seem _(clean) already.4.My sisters dream _ (become) a doctor made my parents glad.5.The important meeting is _(hold) tomorrow.6.Nobody could afford _(buy) a new c
2、ar at that time.7.Dont pretend _(work) hard now.8.The president is reported _(go) to Shanghai to take part in an important meeting yesterday.9.Its my great honour _(receive) the invitation to your birthday party.10.The peasants were made _(work) twenty hours a day.答案：1. to disturb 句意：老师静静地走进教室以便不打搅学
3、生。so as (not) to do sth.为了，以便(不)做某事。不定式作目的状语。 2.forgive句意：除了原谅她，他还能做什么呢？could do sth. but do sth.除了做某事之外能做某事。3.to have been cleaned 句意：房间好像已经打扫过了。seem 后接动词不定式，由 already 可知， “房间打扫”动作已发生，应用完成式。而且句子的主语与动词不定式的动词“clean”存在动宾关系，因此应用被动式。4.to become 句意：我妹妹想要成为医生的梦想使我父母很高兴。动词不定式作后置定语修饰 dream 并表“将来” 。5.to be h
4、eld句意：该重要会议将会在明天召开。be to do 表将来，会议与 hold 存在被动关系，因此应用不定式的被动式。6.to buy 句意：那时没人买得起一辆新车。afford 承担得起，付得起，常与不定式连用。7.to be working 句意：不要装着在卖力干活。pretend 常与不定式连用；因为 now 故不定式应用进行式。8.to have gone 句意：据报道总统昨天已去上海参加一个重要的会议。be reported to do/to have done 据报道做/已做。9.to receive 句意：收到参加你生日聚会的邀请我非常荣幸。Its an honor to do
5、 sth. 做某事非常荣幸。10.to work句意：农民们被迫一天干 20 小时的活。make sb. do sth.结构改为被动语态时要重新加上不定式符号 to 构成：be made to do sth.。.单句改错1.Children seem to have nothing to worry .2.In our school she is the only student to attending the important meeting.3.To see one time is better than hear a hundred times.4.Are you going to
6、the conference to be holding next Monday?5.It took us three years fulfil the project.6.Women and children were the first get into the lifeboats.7.There is no need for you to tell her the news.She seems to have told about it.8.My parents have always made me to feel good about myself, even when I was
7、twelve.9.He hurried to the station only be told that the train had left.10.Little Tom wanted to play football in the street, but his mother asked him not .答案：1.Children seem to have nothing to worry .动词不定式作后置定语与被修饰词 nothing 之间是动宾关系， worry about sth.担心某事，因此不定式 to worry 应加介词 about。2.In our school she
8、is the only student to the important meeting.不定式作后置定语。3.To see one time is better than hear a hundred times.比较状语从句中连词 than 连接对等形式，主语是不定式 to see，因此 than 后也应用不定式。4.Are you going to the conference to be next Monday?动词不定式作后置定语表将来，又因被修饰词 the conference 与 hold 之间存在被动关系因此应用被动式。5.It took us three years the
9、project.It takes some time to do sth.是固定句式。6.Women and children were the first get into the lifeboats.当表语是序数词或被序数词所修饰时，其后应接动词不定式。7.There is no need for you to tell her the news.She seems to have told about it.你没必要告诉她该消息，她好像已经被告知。由句意可知动词不定式应用完成被动式。8.My parents have always made me to feel good about m
10、yself, even when I was twelve.make sb. do sth.使某人做某事。9.He hurried to the station only be told that the train had left.only to do 表意料之外的结果。10.Little Tom wanted to play football in the street, but his mother asked him not .该题考查了动词不定式的省略。动词不定式作宾语补足语时可省去动词不定式的动词，保留动词不定式符号 to。.阅读理解(2016金太阳全国大联考)Sharks us
11、e their good sense of smell to search for prey.But a new study shows that the rising levels of CO2 in the ocean could reduce sharks ability to find food.Its bad news for a healthy ocean.Sharks are top predators(掠食动物) and are like the oceans weed controllers.Dixson works at the Woods Hole Oceanograph
12、ic Institution in Massachusetts.Her earlier work has shown that clown fish in acidifying(酸化的)water act strangely.“We want to expand this research to sharks because we know how important it is for sharks to find their food through their sense of smell， ” said Dixson.Her team started by placing sharks
13、 in each of three different pools for five days.Each pool had a aboutAttendingattend fulfilto fulfl toholdingheldtobeentotodifferent level of CO2 in it.The first had the same amount as todays ocean water.The second had a level of CO2 that scientists expect to reach by 2050.The third pool had the hig
14、hest level of CO2 that could develop by the year 2100.Sharks werent allowed to eat any food while in the pools.This made sure that they would be hungry.Then, Dixson released the sharksone at a timeinto a pool with two side|by|side streams of flowing water.In one stream, the researchers pumped water
15、smelled strongly of squid.The other stream contained ocean water with no scent(气味).Because each stream flowed at the same rate and in the same direction, the squid smell stayed in its stream.The sharks could choose to swim in either stream.Sharks that had been swimming for five days in pools of regu
16、lar ocean water spent more than 60 percent of their time in the squid scented stream.The same was true for sharks that had been in water with the CO2 level that could develop by the year 2050. But sharks exposed to the highest level of CO2 spent just 15 percent of their time in the squid scented str
17、eam.语篇导 读研究发现，海洋里二氧化碳的浓度会影响鲨鱼的嗅觉，会给它们带来不好的影响。1.Why did the writer mention the sharks smell at the beginning of the passage?A.Because the writer appreciates its ability to find food.B.Because the writer considers it dangerous to human beings.C.Because the writer intends to show how to control weed in
18、 the ocean.D.Because the writer worries about the sharks in the ocean.2.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A.What the ocean in the future will be like.B.Who helped Dixson conduct the study.C.What kinds of pools were used during the study.D.What the levels of CO2 will be at in the ocean in the future.3
19、.The researchers pumped water where a dead squid had been overnight to .A.help the sharks look for foodB.test the sharks sense of smellC.prove that sharks like eating squidsD.explain why CO2 in the ocean affects sharks4.What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggest?A.Sharks like th
20、e squid-|scented stream better.B.Sharks like the stream with the high level of CO2.C.Sharks spent 15% of their time in the squid-scented stream.D.The high level of CO2 can affect the sharks ability to smell.答案：1.解析：D 考查推理判断。作者在第一段中提到鲨鱼的嗅觉，主要是引出主题，即：海洋环境的改变会对鲨鱼的觅食造成危害，因此可推知作者担心生活在海洋中的鲨鱼。2.解析：C 考查段落大意
21、。根据第三段的内容可知，本段主要是讲 Dixson 和她的团队把鲨鱼放在哪些池子里做实验。3.解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第四段的内容可知，研究人员往水流里放了带鱿鱼味的水，其目的是测试鲨鱼在特定的环境下能否闻到那种气味，故选 B。4.解析：D 考查推理判断。画线句子的意思是 “但是，暴露在最高浓度的二氧化碳中的鲨鱼只在有鱿鱼味的水中花费了仅仅 15%的时间” 。由此可知，Dixson 团队的实验发现，鲨鱼的嗅觉的确受到二氧化碳浓度的影响。.完形填空(2016湖北武汉外校高二月考)John Perry stood up and looked around again. The island h
22、ad been a good place to find shells. But now how could he make the 1 move out to sea? If they swam out to sea he could jump in and get to shore 2 they saw him.He saw the sharks rolling and playing. Their 3 was now gone and they were killing for fun.He drew his knife from his belt. Sharks can 4 blood
23、, he thought. He put the knife against his leg and cut deep into the 5 . When the shirt was red and wet he tied some cloths around his leg to 6 the flow of blood. He then tied a long cloth to the shirt, threw it into the water and 7 it with the cloth.The sharks smelled the blood and came 8 toward th
24、e shirt. He ran down the sand reef pulling the shirt and the sharks raced after it. He was 9 them away from the shore. Suddenly he dropped the cloth, turned toward the 10 and ran as fast as he could.He jumped into the water and swam.11 he was halfway across he turned to look back. A high bony fin wa
25、s 12 through the water toward him. He swam 13 as fast as he could.He lifted his head again to 14 and he saw the shore very near. And then a great gray body hit him and almost rolled him over in the water. He touched the shore with 15 and he pulled himself up the stones. The shark, 16 by the smell of
26、 blood and the chase, went wildly after him. Its great body crashed against the 17.The end came quickly. The injured shark was eaten up 18 by others as it tried to escape.Perry slowly struggled 19 his feet.He looked down at the sharks still eating 20 they werent hungry. He climbed up the stones and
27、walked toward the village.语篇导 读本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了 John Perry 如何机智勇敢地逃离鲨鱼群的故事。1.A.boats B.sharks C.soldiers D.animals2.A.before B.after C.until D.while3.A.food B.hunger C.anger D.wish4.A.fear B.taste C.drink D.smell5.A.sand B.floor C.flesh D.meat6.A.stop B.keep C.join D.cause7.A.pulled B.wrapped C.connec
28、ted D.caught8.A.rolling B.racing C.swimming D.jumping9.A.driving B.scaring C.preventing D.leading10.A.sea B.shore C.island D.ship11.A.But B.Where C.Unless D.When12.A.going B.running C.cutting D.flying13.A.forward B.backward C.upward D.downward14.A.cry B.breathe C.shout D.escape15.A.his feet B.a stic
29、k C.his fingers D.the shirt16.A.interested B.frightened C.disappointed D.excited17.A.blood B.seawater C.stones D.shells18.A.lively B.alive C.dead D.friendly19.A.on B.by C.to D.with20.A.as though B.even though C.as soon as D.as long as答案：1.解析：B 由下文可知， John Perry 想让鲨鱼游到海里，以便自己下水游到岸上去。下文中的 sharks 也是信息提
30、示2.解析：A 他要在鲨鱼看到他之前游上岸。 before 表示“在以前” 。3.解析：B 根据上句他看到鲨鱼在翻滚玩耍可知，鲨鱼现在已不再饥饿。4.解析：D 根据常识，鲨鱼可以闻到血腥味，应选 smell。下文中的“The sharks smelled the blood”也是信息提示。5.解析：C John Perry 将刀割进肉里以便流出血来，排除 A、B 两项；meat 指“(供食用的)肉”；flesh 可以指“(人或动物的)肉” ，故选 C 项。6.解析：A 根据常识及空后的 “the flow of blood”可知，John Perry 给自己止血。7.解析：A John Per
31、ry 把染了血的衬衫扔到水里，用布条拉着。pull 意为“拉” ，符合语境。8.解析：B 根据下文中的“the sharks raced after it”可知， B 项符合题意。race“(使)快速移动，快速运转” 。9.解析：D John Perry 引着鲨鱼游离海岸。lead“带路，领路” 。10.解析：B 他扔下布条，尽可能快地跑向海岸。11.解析：D 当 John Perry 游了一半时，他转过身向后看。12.解析：C cut through “开辟(出路或通道)”是固定短语，表示这条鲨鱼的速度之快。13.解析：A 后有鲨鱼追着， John Perry 当然是竭力向前游 forwar
32、d“向前” ；backward“向后” ；upward“向上” ；downward“向下” 。14.解析：B 根据语境和常识可知， John Perry 露出头来呼吸。15.解析：C 根据空前的“He touched the shore”可知，John Perry 用手触摸到了海岸。16.解析：D 根据常识，鲨鱼因血腥味和追逐而变得兴奋。17.解析：C 由上文可知，鲨鱼紧追 John Perry,John Perry 爬上了岸边的石头，鲨鱼紧随其后，自然撞到了石头上。18.解析：B 受了伤的鲨鱼被其他鲨鱼活吃了。 alive“活着 ”，在此处作伴随状语，表示被吃的时候是活着的；lively“生
33、气勃勃的” ；dead“死的” ；friendly“友好的” 。19.解析：A struggle on ones feet“挣扎着站起来” ，是固定用法。20.解析：B 尽管不饿，鲨鱼们仍在吃着。 as though“好像，仿佛” ；even though“即使，尽管” ；as soon as“一 就” ；as long as“只要，在的时候”。.短文改错(2016全国卷)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular i
34、n our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in th
35、e short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even had to wait outside.My uncle tells
36、 me that the key to his success is honest .Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time.Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady .答案：(2016全国卷)My uncle is the owner of a
37、 restaurant close to I live. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times. thatwhereusingusedorandhonesthonestyhadhavetheaSome people even to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is . Every day he makes sure t
38、hat fresh vegetables high quality oil are for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in area.
39、It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even had to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest .Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period
40、 of time.Instead, he hopes that our business will grow .1.thatwhere 句法错误。 close to 后接宾语从句。I live 缺少地点状语，故用 where 引导宾语从句。2.去掉 but 行文逻辑错误。though 与 but 不能用在同一个句子中。3.hadhave 句法错误。文章通篇用一般现在时，故将 had 改为 have。4.honesthonesty 词法错误。主语是 the key,与表语构成同位关系，并非对主语的描述，故用名词。5.orand 行文逻辑错误。fresh vegetables 和 high qua
41、lity oil 是并列关系，不是选择关系，故将 or 改为 and。6.usingused 句法错误。fresh vegetables and high quality oil 与 use 是被动关系，故用被动语态。be used for 被用于。7.dreams 后加 of 词法错误。dream of doing sth.梦想做某事，是固定搭配。8.short 前面的 thea 词法错误。in a short period of time 在短时间内，是固定短语。9.ourhis 行文逻辑错误。由 My uncle is the owner of a restaurant可知，餐馆是“我”叔叔的，故将 our 改为 his。10.steadysteadily 词法错误。grow 在此是实义动词并非连系动词，故用副词修饰。steadysteadilyourhis
