1、从上表中可以看出：河北省近五年阅读理解A篇一般为记叙文（叙事）或说明文（格式灵活可为日记、信件、采访等），话题为日常生活类； C篇为说明文，话题偏向教育、学习、与咨询建议或者人生价值观。且都与学生的学习生活密切相关。 另外，从近五年河北真题可以看出阅读理解的设题形式以挖空型为主，偶尔设计问答型（main idea,talk about,why），选项为短语和简单句。考查方式以细节理解题为主，穿插推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨归纳题和数学计算题。且词义猜测题一般只出现在C篇文章的第3小题或第4小题。,解题方法与技巧,1.细节理解题 细节理解题往往是针对短文中某个细节来设题。做此类题，应快速捕捉信息
2、，可能是一些实例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。 此类题型的问题多以 what/who/which/when/where/how或者why等词引导，就文中的某句、某段或某一具体细节进行提问并要求考生回答。他们大都是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。此类问题的答案基本上都能从原文中直接找到，可以被称为“直答题”。这一类题型通常多出现在阅读A、B中。（所占比率在70%，即21-24分左右）（建议复习的初期在问题上画出关键词，原文中画出答案并标上题号。）,2012年河北省中考阅读A,Saturday, June 16th In the morning, we went ca
3、mping along a path in Green Natural Park. We were happy because it was a sunny day. We were expecting an enjoyable two-day holiday. On the way, we kept singing and making jokes. However, in the afternoon, when we finished our picnic at one oclock, it was dark and windy. Soon, there was a shower. Unl
4、uckily, none of us brought an umbrella. We ran about but we could find no place to hide. Twenty minutes passed and it was still raining, There were hours to go before we reached the campsite (野营地). It was even worse that our small compass (指南针) showed that we went to the wrong way. We had lost our w
5、ay! We had to make a quick decision as it was raining heavily. Chris said we could set up a tent to hide in, so Mary and Tom helped to set up the tent. Chris and I tried to make a fire to keep us warm. But we were unable to light the fire, as everything was wet. We dried ourselves, chatted and waite
6、d inside the tent. At about five oclock, it stopped raining. We decided to give up the camping trip because all of us had been very tired. This camping trip may not be very successful but we know each other better. And the most important thing Ive learned from this trip is the importance of team spi
7、rit.56. The writer went camping in Green Natural Park .A. for 4 hours B. for 2 days C. in June D. in the afternoon57. It was even worse that they .A. had no picnic B. lost their wayC. couldnt light the fire D. couldnt know each other58. Chris suggested that they should in the rain.A. set up a tent B
8、. reach the campsite C. keep singing D. find a place to hide59.Which of the following is NOT true？A. It was sunny in the morning. B. None of them had an umbrella.C. They gave up the camping at last. D. They ran about to dry themselves.60. The writer has learned the importance of from the trip.A. mak
9、ing a decision B. working togetherC. enjoying holidays D. taking a compass,“Homestay is a form of study abroad program. It allows the visitors to rent a room from a local(当地的) family to better understand the local lifestyle. It also helps to improve the visitors language ability,” said a teacher dur
10、ing a school meeting last term. “Students who wish to learn more about foreign cultures or to get foreign experience should join this kind of holiday. I am sure you wont be disappointed(失望的).” After this special meeting, I always thought about this kind of holiday. Last month, I had a chance at last
11、 to go on such a holiday with some of my schoolmates and we went to London, a place where I had wanted to go since years ago. As we were still young, we had a group leader who planned things for us and looked after us. After we got to London, we went to stay with different families. I was lucky that
12、 my host family(寄宿家庭) was a white couple who had a daughter about my age. They treated me as a daughter of their family during my stay there. They were interested in me and I learnt a lot of things from them, too. The holiday was filled with activities every day. After breakfast, a local teacher wou
13、ld come to take us in his car. Then we would have classes or go on a sight-seeing trip to different places of interest like the Big Ben, the London Bridge, and the Buckingham palace. We would go back to our own homes after the activities. The holiday was a valuable experience for me. I enjoyed every
14、 minute of it. Yet, time really flew fast. Three weeks later, we had to leave “home” for Hong Kong.,56.In the “homestay” program, a visitor can . A. learn more about holidays B. understand his culture better C. improve the language ability D. take part in foreign meeting57.The writer had wanted to v
15、isit London since . A. last month B. years ago C. the special meeting D. her stay abroad58.The group leader should . A. make plans for the family B. take care of the students C. stay with different families D. rent rooms to the students59.The writers host family . A. was very kind to her B. went sig
16、ht-seeing with her C. had two white daughters D. was interested in her activities60.From the passage, we know that the writer in London . A. wished to stay a little longer B. spent three weeks in her home C. had classes in many interesting places D. helped the teacher take the students in a car,2.主旨
17、归纳题,主旨归纳题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或者作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文的第一句或最后一句。此类型题通常出现在阅读A或C的最后一道小题。常见的设题方式有：The general idea of the passage is about.The main idea of the article is .The main purpose of the selection is .The passage suggests that.The best title of the passage is .,20
18、12年河北省中考阅读理解C,Reading is the key to school success and, like any skill, it takes practice. A child learns to walk by practicing until he no longer has to think about how to put one foot in front of the other. An excellent sportsman practices until he can play quickly, correctly and without thinking.
19、 Educators call it “automaticity (自动性)”. A child learns to read by sounding out the letters and finding the meaning of the words. With practice, he stumbles less and less, reading by the phrase (短语). With automaticity, he doesnt have to think about the meaning of words, so he can give all his attent
20、ion to the meaning of the text. It can begin as early as first grade. In a recent study of children in Illinois schools, Alan Rossman of Northwestern University found that automatic readers in the first grade not only read almost three times as fast as the others, but also got better results in exam
21、s. According to Rossman, the key to automaticity is the amount (数量) of time a child spends reading , not his IQ. Any child who spends at least 3.5 to 4 hours a week reading books, magazines or newspapers will probably reach automaticity. It can happen if a child turns off TV just one night for readi
22、ng at home. You can test yourself by reading something new which is suitable (适合) for your level. If you read aloud with expression, with a sense of the meaning of the sentences, you probably are an automatic reader. If you read brokenly, one word at a time, without expression or meaning, you need m
23、ore practice.,66. “Reading is the key to school success” means that reading .A. helps school develop faster B. is a key to a successful schoolC. helps students go to a key school D. can improve students learning results此题为细节理解题中的“同义句替换”，但难度稍大：通过作者下文的解释找到正确答案。67. Children with “automaticity” can read
24、 faster because they .A. know how to read the words B. do not have to think while readingC. read by themselves without any help D. pay attention to the meaning of the text此题为细节理解题。68. Rossman tells that any child who will possibly be an automatic reader.A. turns off TV one night 4 weeks B. reads boo
25、ks by the word quickly C. spends an hour reading every day D. gets the same grades as others in exams此题为细节理解题。69. The underlined word “stumble” in the passage means “ ” in Chinese. A. 结结巴巴地读 B. 全神贯注地读 C. 心不在焉地读 D. 声情并茂地读此题为词义猜测题，要根据上下文语境猜词。70. The best title for the passage is “ ”. A. IQ Is the Key
26、to the Automaticity B. TV Is Bad for Childrens ReadingC. Automaticity Depends on Practice D. Automatic Reads Will Be Successful,3.推理判断题,推理判断题就是根据某个事实推出结论，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断题通常包括：数字事实推断，常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度等的推断。解决此类题型即要求考生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求考生对作者的写作态度、意图及文章细节的发展作出正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。此类型题
27、在中考中所占比例也不大。 这类试题常以如下句式发问： What can you conclude (推断) from this passage? Whats the authors attitude(看法) towards.? We can infer(推断) from the passage that.,4.词义猜测题,词义猜测题主要考查学生根据上下文正确推断词义并灵活变化的能力。一般情况下，词义猜测题中出现的单词大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中寻找线索，通过阅读上下文，推断该词的意思，然后将这个释义带入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较，直到得到该词的确切含义。猜词的具体
28、技巧有：利用构词法猜词阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生或合成的新词，掌握构词法对猜测词义很有帮助。,利用同义词、近义词、反义词猜词在生词出现的上下文中，有时会出现与之同义、近义或相反的词语或结构，这时可从熟悉的词语中推知生词的含义。利用上下文语境猜词利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的分析进而推测词义，是阅读过程的关键之一，也是近几年来考查的热点。利用定义和解释猜词有些文章，尤其是说明性的科技文章，通常会对一些关键词给予定义，我们可以利用定义来猜测这些词的意思。利用例证猜词为了说明或证实某个观点，文章中经常会举例说明，这些例子可以帮助我们猜测生词。举例时，常常会用一些连接性的词语，如such as/ like/ for example/for instance等。,
