1、Unit 3 Back to the past,导读：We Are the World，中文译名天下一家。由迈克尔杰克逊和莱昂纳尔里奇共同作曲，由迈克尔杰克逊独自填词，旨在呼吁世界帮助非洲饥荒人民。,听歌学英语Fill in the blanks after listening to the song.,We Are the World There comes a time when we _ When the world must come together as one There are people dying Oh，and its time to _ to life The grea
2、test gift of all We cant go on pretending day by day That someone，somewhere will soon _ Were _ Gods great big family And the truthyou know love is all we need,hear a certain call,lend a hand,make a change,all a part of,We are the world，we are the children We are the ones who make a brighter day So l
3、ets start giving Theres a choice were making Were saving our own lives Its true well make a better day Just you and me Well，send them your heart So they know that someone cares And their lives will be stronger and free As God has shown us,By turning stone to bread And so we all must lend a helping h
4、and We are the world，we are the children We are the ones who make a brighter day So lets start giving Theres a choice were making Were saving our own lives Its true well make a better day Just you and me,When youre _ There seems no hope _ But if you just believe Theres no way we can fall Well，well，w
5、ell，lets realize That one change can only come When we stand together as one We are the world We are the children,down and out,at all,天下一家 当我们听到了恳切的呼唤 全世界应该团结一致 有些地方的人们正逐渐死亡 是该伸出援手的时候了 对生命而言，这是最好的礼物 我们不能日复一日地伪装下去了 总有人会一瞬间让世界改变 我们都是上帝的大家族中的一员 事实上，我们需要的就是爱,四海皆一家，我们都是神的子民 创造美好的未来要靠我们 所以，让我们开始奉献自己 我们正在做
6、的抉择 是在拯救自己的生命 我们真的可以创造更美好的明天 就靠你和我 将你的心传递给他们 让他们明白有人关心他们 他们的生命才能更坚强、更自由 如同上帝启示我们的,借着把石头变成面包这件事 我们都应该伸出援手才对 四海皆一家，我们都是神的子民 创造美好的未来要靠我们 所以，让我们开始奉献自己 我们正在做的抉择 是在拯救自己的生命 我们真的可以创造更美好的明天 就靠你和我 当你意志消沉、不被接纳时 一切似乎全无希望,但只要你相信 我们不可能倒下 让我们好好想清楚 只能做一个改变 当我们像一家人站在一起 四海皆一家 我们都是神的子民,导航知素养A guide to the unit,Part We
7、lcome to the unit & Reading,.重点单词 1_ n讲座 2_ vt.兴建，建立 3_ v涌流，倾泻；倒出(液体) 4_ v逃避，逃跑；迅速离开 5_ n灾难 6_ vt.毁坏，摧毁 7_ adj.商业的，贸易的,lecture,found,pour,flee,disaster,destroy,commercial,8_ n沙尘暴，风沙 9_ n(教育或其他专业)机构，研究所 10_ n废墟；毁坏 vt.破坏，毁灭 11_ prep.在之下 12_ n材料；物质 adj.物质的 13_ adv.& adj.在附近(的) 14_ n文明civilized adj.文明的，
8、开化的 15_ vi.(火山等)爆发eruption n爆发 16_ adj.不幸的，遗憾的fortunate adj.幸运的；侥幸的fortunately adv.幸运地；侥幸地,sandstorm,institute,ruin,beneath,material,nearby,civilization,erupt,unfortunate,17_ vt.装饰，装潢decoration n装饰，装饰物 18_ adj.富有的，富裕的wealth n财富；富有，富足 19_ adv.渐渐地，逐渐地gradual adj.逐渐的 20_ adj.文化的culturally adv.文化上，从文化上，
9、与文艺有关culture n文化 21_ n遗物，遗迹，遗骸remain vi.剩下，留下remaining adj.剩余的，留下的，其余的 22_ vi.爆炸explosion n爆炸,decorate,wealthy,gradually,cultural,remains,explode,.核心短语 1_ 保护免受 2_ 作为而出名 3_ 夺取；接管 4_ 被活埋 5_ 装饰着 6turn out _ 7break down _ 8together with _ 9cut down _ 10result in _,protect.from,be known as,take over,be b
10、uried alive,be decorated with,证明是；结果是,(身体)垮掉；分解；(机器等)出故障,和一起,砍倒,导致,.经典句式 1_ a volcano.,离该城不远处有一座火山。,2Many people were buried alive，and_,很多人都被活埋了，整座城市也被掩埋了。,3Today I saw the ancient Roman city of Pompeii _,今天我见到了罗马古城庞贝，它就跟两千年前一模一样。,Near the city was,so was the city,as it was 2，000 years ago,1.联想记单词,她
11、向我们的(our) 杯子里“倒入”(pour)咖啡pour vi.涌流，倾泻 vt.倒出(液体),2.形容词后缀：-ial，-(c)al，-ous，-y,disaster n灾难disastrous adj.灾难性的，完全失败的 commerce n贸易，商务，商业commercial adj.商业的，贸易的 wealth n钱财，财富wealthy adj.富有的，富裕的 culture n文化，文明cultural adj.文化的,3.名词后缀：-ation，-er,civil adj.平民的，国民的civilization n文明 found vt.兴建，创建foundation n建立
12、，创办 decorate vt.装饰，装潢decoration n装饰物，装饰图案 research n研究，探索 v探讨，调查researcher n研究者，调查者,原文呈现,Lost civilizations Day 1，15 July I feel lucky to have won a place on this trip.We are in Italy now，and tomorrow we are visiting Pompeii.Next week we are flying to China，and going to Loulan，which is known as Chin
13、as Pompeii in the desertBoth Pompeii and Loulan became lost civilizations long ago.,Day 2，16 July This morning we attended a lecture about Pompeii.The city was founded in the 8th century BC.In 89 BC，the Romans took over Pompeii.It then became a rich and busy city.Near the city was a volcanoOn 24 Aug
14、ust AD 79，the volcano erupted and lava，ash and rocks poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside.It continued to erupt for the next two days.Many people were buried alive，and so was the cityHowunfortunate！,Day 3，17 July Today I saw the ancient Roman city of Pompeii as it was 2，000 years agoHow
15、 amazing！The city was forgotten for many years until the 18th century when a farmer discovered a stone with writing on itPeople started to dig in the area for treasure，which caused much damageThus，in 1860，the area was put under government protection so it could be preserved and studied,阅读清障,civiliza
16、tion/sIvlaIzeIn/n.文明 are visiting和are flying都是现在进行时，表示的是将要发生的动作。 which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Loulan。 lecture/lekt(r)/n.讲座 attend a lecture听讲座 found/fand/vt.兴建，创建 BC/bisi/abbr.公元前(Before Christ的缩写) Roman/rmn/n.罗马人 adj.罗马的 take over夺取；接管 表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装语序。 volcano/vlkeIn/n.火山 (pl.)volcanoes/vol
17、canos,AD/eIdi/abbr.公元(Anno Domini的缩写) erupt/Irpt/vi.(火山等)爆发 lava/lv/n.熔岩，火山岩 ash/n.灰，灰烬 ashes废墟；骨灰 pour/p(r)/vi.涌流，倾泻 vt.倒出(液体) bury vt.埋，埋葬；安葬 buryburiedburiedburying alive adj.活的，在句中作主语补足语。 so was the city是倒装语序。 unfortunate/nftnt/adj.不幸的 as用作连词，意为“正如”，引导方式状语从句。,How amazing！多令人惊奇啊！ amazing adj.惊人的，
18、了不起的 when引导定语从句，修饰the 18th century，when相当于in which。 dig v挖，掘 n触，碰；挖苦，讽刺 digdugdugdigging which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句。 是目的状语从句。本句中so相当于so that(为了，以便)。 preserve v保存，保护 preserve sb/sth from.保护免受 when I walked around the city是时间状语从句。,Athe Summer Palace Bthe Temple of Heaven Cthe Great Wall Dthe Confucius Tem
19、ple EStonehenge Fthe Forbidden City Gthe ruins of Yuanmingyuan Hthe Taj Mahal IPyramids,Step 1 Lead-in,Are you familiar with these famous historic sites? Match the following pictures with their names.,答案 1.F 2.G 3.I 4.E 5.H 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.B,Step 2 Factual reading Skim the text and then decide whether
20、 they are true(T) or false (F),1Both Pompeii and loulan lie in the desert.( ) 2The city of Pompeii was destroyed in the 8th century.( ) 3The ancient city was discovered by a farmer in the 19th century.( ) 4The city of Loulan was a trade point about 2，000 years ago.( ) 5The Loulan kingdom was destroy
21、ed because of hot weather.( ),F,T,F,T,F,Step 3 Fill in the blanks with only one word according to the text.,Ancient,took,stopping,disappeared,discovered,alive,writing,government,sandstorms,explorer,Step 4 Further reading .Summarize the main idea of each diary. Diary 1 Aa visit to Pompeii city Diary
22、2 Bthe purpose and destination of the trip Diary 3 Cthe discovery of the Loulan Kingdom Diary 4 Da lecture about Pompeii and the volcano Diary 5 Egeneral information about Loulan,答案 Diary 1 B Diary 2 D Diary 3 A Diary 4 E Diary 5 C,.Read the text and choose the best answer. 1What happened soon after
23、 the ruins of Pompeii was founded?,AIt was well protected by the local government. BIt was dug by the Italian archaeologist Giuseppe. CIt was badly damaged by people digging in the area for treasure. DThe bodies of people were buried by local people.,答案 C,2When did the Italian government start to pr
24、otect the Roman city?,AIn 89 BC. B2，000 years ago. C100 years ago. DIn 1860.,答案 D,3Which of the following statements is NOT true?,ABoth of the two cities are lost civilizations about 2，000 years ago. BBoth of the two cities were discovered by local people. CPompeii was destroyed by a volcano while L
25、oulan was gradually covered over by sandstorms. DPompeii was in Italy while Loulan was in China.,答案 B,4Which is NOT true about Loulan?,AIt was on the Silk Road. BIt was a wealthy commercial city. CIt disappeared suddenly. DNot all people think it was covered over by sandstorms.,答案 C,5The purpose of
26、writing this passage is _,Ato show how happy the writer was to have such a chance to visit the sites Bto arouse peoples sense of protecting civilizations Cto compare the civilizations of Pompeii and Loulan Dto tell us how Pompeii and Loulan were destroyed,答案 B,.Analyse the following difficult senten
27、ces in the text. 1When I walked around the city，I saw streets just as they had been，with stepping stones along the road so you did not have to step in the mud on rainy days!,当我在城中散步时，我看到了保持原样的街道，沿路都有垫脚石，这样,下雨天你就不用在泥泞中行走了。,2It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the cit
28、y，their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared，leaving empty spaces in the ash.,句式分析 本句是主从复合句，it是形式主语，真正的主语是由that引导的主语从句。该主语从句中包含一个由after引导的时间状语从句，此状语从句中还包含一个由who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the people。现在分词短语leaving.in the ash充当结果状语。,原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人，他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失,了，只留下了火山灰里的人形空当。,3A scholar from the
29、local cultural institute，Professor Zhang，told us that around the year 1900 the European explorer Sven Hedin discovered the ruins of the Loulan Kingdom.,句式分析 A scholar from the.institute，Professor Zhang，told us that around.Loulan Kingdom.介词短语作定语 A scholar的同位语 that引导的宾语从句，作told的 直接宾语,来自当地文化研究所的一位学者张教授
30、告诉我们，大约在1900年，来自,欧洲的探险家斯文海定发现了楼兰王国的遗迹。,Discussion：Do you think it is necessary to discover and protect the lost civilizations?,Step 5 Group work,答案Yes, we can learn a great deal from the achievements of ancient people and it can contribute to the progress of society.,1.found vt.兴建，创建；建立，创立,The city
31、was founded in the 8th century BC.(教材P42) 这座城市兴建于公元前8世纪。 (1)found.on/upon. 建设在基础上 be founded on/upon. 根据创作/建设 (2)foundation n. 创建，设立，基础,The Peoples Republic of China was founded in 1949. 中华人民共和国成立于1949年。 The castle is founded _ solid rock. 这座城堡建在坚固的岩石上。 He laid the _(found)of his success by study an
32、d hard work. 他通过学习和努力工作为成功打下了基础。 名师点津 found的过去式和过去分词都是founded；而find的过去式和过去分词都是found。,on/upon,foundation,2.pour vi.涌流，倾泻 vt.倒出(液体)；源源输出,On 24 August AD 79，the volcano erupted and lava，ash and rocks poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside.(教材P42) 公元79年8月24日，这座火山爆发了。岩浆、火山灰及岩石喷涌而出，全部倾泻到周围的村庄。
33、pour in 涌进 pour into 涌进 pour down 倾泻 pour out(of.) (从)涌出；倾诉 pour.into/on. 把倒入/把倒在上 pour sth for sbpour sb sth 给某人倒,By the time the group got up to leave，it was pouring outside. 到这个小组起身离开时，外面下着倾盆大雨。 She poured out all her troubles to him. 她向他倾诉自己所有的烦恼。 He poured some hot water _ the glass and then co
34、oled it down. 他向杯子里倒了些热水，然后使它变凉。,into,3.unfortunate adj.不幸的，遗憾的 n不幸的人或事,How unfortunate！(教材P42) 真是太不幸了！ (1)be unfortunate in(doing) sth在方面很不幸 be unfortunate to do sth 很不幸做某事 It is unfortunate that. 真遗憾/可惜 (2)unfortunately adv. 不幸地；令人遗憾地,It is unfortunate that you missed the meeting. 真遗憾，你没参加那次会议。 He
35、 was unfortunate _ losing hearing. 他丧失了听力，真不幸。 I was unfortunate _(lose)my keys. 我把钥匙丢了，真倒霉。,in,to lose,4.decorate vt.装饰，装潢；布置,I saw several houses which were decorated with wall paintings.(教材P43) 我看到了几处装饰着壁画的房子。 (1)decorate.with. 用装饰 be decorated with 被装饰着 (2)decoration n. 装饰，装饰品/物,We need to decor
36、ate our mind with virtue. 我们应该用德行美化心灵。 The street _ flower beds from space to space. 街道上每隔一定距离装饰有一个花坛。 The curtains do not match with the _(decorate) 窗帘与室内装潢不相配。 名师点津 decorate不接双宾语，而采用decorate.with sth的结构。,is/was decorated with,decoration,5.flee v逃避，逃跑；迅速离开,It turns out that after the ash covered th
37、e people who failed to flee the city，their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared，leaving empty spaces in the ash.(教材P43) 原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人，他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只留下火山灰里的人形空当。 flee (from) 从逃跑 flee away 逃离 flee to/into 逃到 flee in all directions 四处逃窜 flee (from) responsibility 逃避责任,When the bomb
38、ing started，people fled to places of safety. 轰炸开始时，人们逃到了安全地带。 The enemy soldiers were fleeing _ all directions，but few of them could escape. 敌人四散而逃，可是很少逃脱掉。 Why does she always flee(from)any kind of responsibility? 她为什么总是逃脱任何一种责任？,in,6.ruin n废墟；毁坏 vt.破坏，毁灭,A scholar from the local cultural institute
39、，Professor Zhang，told us that around the year 1900 the European explorer Sven Hedin discovered the ruins of the Loulan Kingdom.(教材P43) 来自当地文化研究所的一位学者张教授告诉我们，大约在1900年，来自欧洲的探险家斯文海定发现了楼兰王国的遗迹。 (1)be in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 fall into ruin 灭亡，荒芜 (2)ruin oneself 自取灭亡 ruin ones health/fame/prospects 毁坏某人的健康/名誉/
40、前途,When they returned to Rockaway the next day，they found their neighborhood in ruins. 第二天当他们回到洛克威时，发现他们的街区在一片废墟中。 The castle has _ 那座城堡已破败不堪。 The bad weather ruined our trip. 恶劣的天气毁了我们的旅行。,fallen into ruin,7.remains npl.古代遗物，古迹，遗址；遗体遗骸；剩余物，残留物，剩饭菜,Sven found the remains of buildings buried beneath
41、the sand，together with a lot of treasures，including coins，painted pots，material such as silk，documents and wall paintings.(教材P43) 斯文发现了那深埋于沙下的古建筑遗迹以及许多珍宝，包括钱币、带有图画的壶、像丝绸这样的布料、文献以及壁画。 (1)remain vi. 留下；剩下；停留 linking-v. 依旧，仍然是(后接形容词、名词、分词、介词短语、从句) remain to be done 有待去做 (2)remaining adj. 剩下的(前置定语),Many
42、 more problems remain _(solve) 还有很多问题有待解决。 A book that remains shut is but a block. 好书不去翻，犹如一块砖。 She used the _(remain)50 dollars/50 dollars left to buy her mother a gift. 她用剩下的50美元给妈妈买了一件礼物。 名师点津 (1)remaining通常作前置定语，而left作“剩下的”讲时，常在句中作后置定语。 (2)remain无进行时和被动语态。,to be solved,remaining,8.beneath prep.
43、在之下 adv.在下方，在底下,Sven found the remains of buildings buried beneath the sand，together with a lot of treasures，including coins，painted pots，material such as silk，documents and wall paintings.(教材P43) 斯文发现了埋在沙子下面的建筑遗迹以及许多宝藏，包括钱币，彩绘罐，像丝绸这样的布料、文献和壁画。 The earth lay beneath a blanket of snow. 大地被厚厚的白雪覆盖。 He
44、 was standing on the bridge looking at the river beneath. 他站在桥上，看着脚下的小河。,易混辨析 beneath/below/under,即学即用 选用上述单词填空 Tom enjoyed feeling the warm sand _ his feet. 汤姆喜欢脚踏温暖沙子的感觉。 He dived _ the surface of the water. 他潜入了水中。 Have you looked _ the bed? 你看床底下了吗？,beneath,below,under,1.take over夺取；接管；控制，管理；继承,
45、In 89 BC，the Romans took over Pompeii.(教材P42) 公元前89年，罗马人占领了庞贝。 take over sth 接收/接管/夺取/占领某物 take over from. 从接管/夺取 The doctor wanted his son to take over his career when he retired. 这位医生希望自己退休后，儿子能够子承父业。 Our manager told me that I would _ as branch manager next month. 我们经理告诉我，下个月我将接管部门经理的工作。,take ove
46、r the job,take in 吸收；欺骗 take on 雇佣；呈现；承担 take off 起飞；匆匆离开；迅速流行；脱下；休假，休息 take up 占用(时间、空间等)；开始做；开始从事；继续 Our club plan to take _ 20 new members. 我们俱乐部计划吸收20名新会员。,in,2.turn out结果是，证明(是)；原来是；生产,It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city，their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared，leaving empty spaces in the ash.(教材P43) 原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人，他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只留下火山灰里的人形空当。 turn on 打开 turn off 关掉 turn down 关小；调低；拒绝 turn up 到来；露面；被发现，被找到 turn over 移交 turn to 转向；求助于 turn in 上交,
