1、时间状语从句 在复合句中起时间状语作用的句子称为时间状语从句。 1时间状语从句常由下列连词引导：when(当时候)，whenever(任何时候)，as(随着)，while(在期间)，before(在以前)，after(在之后)，since(自从)，as soon as(一就)，until(直到)，once(一旦)等。如：,Period Three Grammar & Writing,When we lived in town，we often went to the theatre. 我们住在城里时常去剧院看戏。 Before they reached the station，the trai
2、n had gone. 他们到达车站前，火车就已经开走了。 I have written home four times since I came here. 自从到这儿来后我往家里写了四封信。 As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer. 随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。 We all insist that we should not rest until we finish the work. 我们都坚决要求不完工不休息。,注意：(1)when在be about to do.when.，be doing.when.，
3、had(just)done.when.，be on the point of doing.when.等结构中，作“在那时”讲，表示某件事正要发生、正在发生或刚刚发生，另一动作同时发生。 He was about to leave when someone knocked at the door. 他刚要走就有人敲门。 I was thinking of this when I heard my name called. 我正想着这件事时，突然听到有人叫我的名字。 (2)时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来的动作。如： You will get to know when you grow up.
4、你长大后就会了解了。,2用名词性词组引导时间状语从句的用法 (1)the year，the week，the day He left Europe the year World War broke out. 他在第二次世界大战爆发的那年离开了欧洲。 (2)the moment(that)，the instant(that)，the minute(that) The moment I heard the voice，I knew my father was coming. 一听到这声音，我就知道是父亲来了。 Ill telephone you the instant I know. 我一知道就立
5、即给你打电话。 I understood everything the minute I saw her face. 我一看到她的脸，就了解了一切。,(3)the序数词time；(the)next time He was writing a letter the first time I saw him. 我第一次看到他时，他在写一封信。 Be sure to call on us the next time you come to visit our university. 下次你到我们大学来时一定要来找我们。 (4)each time，every time，any time Each ti
6、me I catch a cold，my nose runs. 我每次感冒都流鼻涕。 Every time I catch a cold，I have a pain in my back. 每次感冒我的背就疼。,You are welcome to come and visit our school any time you like. 只要你愿意，随时都欢迎你来参观我们的学校。 3用immediately、instantly和directly引导时间状语从句 表达“一就”时，所起的作用相当于连词，引导时间状语从句。 Immediately he arrived，he started tell
7、ing us what to do. 他一到就开始告诉我们要做什么。 He made for the door instantly he heard the knock. 他一听到敲门声，就朝门走去。 I came directly I got your message. 我一得到你的口信就立刻来了。,即时跟踪1 完成句子 1他正要告诉我那个秘密，这时突然有人拍他的肩膀。He _someone patted him on the shoulder. 2直到河里所有的鱼都死光了，村民们才意识到污染的严重性。Not until all the fish died in the river _ _
8、how serious the pollution was. 3我哥哥恰好在邮件到达之前去了北京。My brother had left for Beijing just _ _,was about to tell me the secret when,did the villagers,realize,before the email,arrived,4到你回来时，我已经和他谈完话了。_，I had finished talking with him. 5每当我们有困难时，他都会来帮助我们。_，he would come to help us out. 6自从他去美国以来，我一直在上海。I
9、have been in Shanghai _ 7在你方便的时候我想来看你。Id like to see you _,By the time you came back,Every time we were in trouble,since he left for America,whenever its convenient to you,省略 省略是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法分析，句子应该具备的成分，有时出于修辞上的需要，在句中并不出现，这种句子叫做省略句，这种语法现象称为“省略”。其特点是：虽然省去句子语法结构所需要的组成部分，但仍能表达其完整的意义。英语中常见的省略句有以下几种。 1
10、简单句中的省略 (1)省略主语：祈使句中主语通常省略。其他省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。 (I)Thank you for your help.(括号内为省略的主语，下同) (I)See you tomorrow. (It)Doesnt matter.,(2)省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。 (There is)No smoking. (Is there)Anything wrong? Why(do you)not say hello to him? (3)省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to。 Are you going there? Id like to(go there) He did not
11、 give me the chance，though he had promised to(give me the chance) 注意：如果该宾语是be动词或完成时态，则须在to之后加上be或have。,Are you an engineer? No，but I want to be. He hasnt finished the task yet. Well，he ought to have. (4)省略表语。 Are you thirsty? Yes，I am(thirsty) (5)同时省略几个成分。 Lets meet at the same place as(we met)yeste
12、rday. Have you finished your work? (I have)Not(finished my work)yet.,2并列句中的省略 在以and，but，or，therefore，so等词连接，或是没有连词而用分号的并列句中，在不影响句意的情况下，并列句中后面分句与前面分句相同的部分都可以省略。 They dont agree with you；neither do I(agree with you) Bob has done his homework，but Tom hasnt(done his homework) 3主从复合句中的省略 (1)主句中有一些成分被省略 (
13、Im)Sorry to hear that you are ill. (It is a)Pity that he missed such a good chance.,(2)省略了一个从句或从句的一部分，用so或not(切不可用it或that)代替。 Is he coming back tonight? I think so. Is he feeling better today? Im afraid not. 这种用法常见的有：How so？Why so？Is that so？I hope so.He said so.及I suppose not.I believe not.I hope n
14、ot.等。(但I dont think so.比I think not.更常用)。 4其他省略 (1)连词that的省略： 在宾语从句中that可省略，但如果有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，除第一个that外，其他that不能省略。,He said(that)he had arrived here two days before and that he had lived in a hotel. 定语从句中，作宾语的that，which或whom可以省略。 The book(that)he bought yesterday was expensive. (2)不定式符号to的省略 并列的不定式可
15、省去后面的to。 I told him to sit down and wait for a moment. 某些使役动词(如let，make，have)及感官动词(如see，watch，notice，hear，feel，look at和listen to等)后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to，但在被动语态中须把to复原。,I saw the boy fall from the tree. The boy was seen to fall from the tree. 介词but前若有动词do，后面的不定式不带to。 The boy did nothing but play. (3)在某些
16、状语从句中的省略 在时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句中，如果主句、从句的主语一致，从句中谓语动词又包含be或主语是it，常可以把从句中主语和谓语的一部分省略。 Though(they were)tired，they went on working. 虽然他们累了，但他们仍继续工作。 Unless(it is)necessary，youd better not refer to the dictionary. 如果没有必要，你最好不要查字典。,在由than，as引导的比较状语从句中，在不造成误解的前提下，任何成分都可以省略。 I know you can do better than he(
17、can do) 我知道你能比他做得更好。 The exhibition is a great success as(it was)expected. 正如预料的那样这次展览很成功。,即时跟踪2 把下列句子改成省略句 1I havent seen you for ages._ 2Bill enjoys reading more than Tom enjoys reading._ 3If it is necessary，Ill go there._ 4I meant to write to you，but forgot to write to you._ 5Although he was hard
18、working，he couldnt earn enough to buy a house._,Havent seen you for ages.,Bill enjoys reading more than Tom.,If necessary，Ill go there.,I meant to write to you，but forgot to.,Although hardworking，he couldnt earn enough to buy a,house.,.用适当的连接词填空 1However，Mexicans may use silence _instructions are gi
19、ven by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. (2016全国) 2We need to get to the root of the problem _we can solve it. (2015天津) 3If you miss this chance，it may be years _you get another one. (2015重庆) 4The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times _it f
20、inally came to include the sense “pleasant” (2014安徽),when,before,before,before,5_I have to give a speech，I get extremely nervous before I start. (2013山东) 6You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason _you reach any decision. (2013湖南) 7Its much easier to make friends _you have similar inte
21、rests. (2013安徽) 8If a lot of people say a film is not good，I wont bother to see it，or Ill wait _it comes out on DVD. (2011上海),Whenever,before,when,until,.用省略句完成下列句子 1电影八点半开始，我们去之前可以快速吃点东西。听起来不错，那我们八点十分见。The movie starts at 8：30，and we can have a quick bite before we go._ (sound)great.See you at 8：10
22、. (2016浙江) 2如果你被录用了，我们将很快通知你。_for the job，youll be informed soon. (2015北京) 3这里的气候相当宜人，如果曾经有的话，夏天也很少到达30。The climate here is quite pleasant，the temperature rarely, _，reaching 30 in summer. (2014福建),Sounds,If accepted,if ever,4孩子们在父母的陪同下才被允许进入该体育馆。Children，_by their parents，are allowed to enter the st
23、adium. (2014湖南) 5那个司机想把他的小汽车停在路边，但是警察让他不要把车停在路边。The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police _ (2013新课标全国) 6今天早上下倾盆大雨。我很高兴我们带着雨伞。是的。如果我们没带雨伞的话就会全身湿透的。It rained cats and dogs this morning.Im glad we took an umbrella.Yeah，we would have got wet all over _. (2013重庆),wh
24、en accompanied,not to,if we hadnt,【文体指导】本文属于议论文范畴，要注意议论文的一般结构：引 言、正文、结论。引言要简单介绍要讨论的问题并阐述自己的观点。正文 是论证的过程，作者要用足够的论据来论证自己的观点。结 论一般用一两句话来概括文章，一般要照应开头，但不是简 单的重复。,【常用句式】 1As for.，some people think that.关于，很多人认为 2Opinions vary from person to person on this issue.关于这个问题，人们的看法不同。 3As far as Im concerned，.就我而
25、言， 4When asked about.，most people sayBut others say.当被问及对有什么看法时，多数人认为。然而，另一些人认为 5When it comes to.，some people think.While others argue that the opposite is true.涉及到这一问题，一些人认为而另一些人持相反的意见。,6It is widely acknowledged that.人们普遍认为 7It is commonly believed that.人们普遍认为 8But for myself，I think.但是对我而言，我认为 9
26、In my view/opinion，it should be.在我看来，这应该是 10In a word，.总之，,【写作任务】根据课本52页的内容，用英语写一篇关于你个人学习习 惯的小短文。要点如下：1你是否同意“听音乐有助于学习”的观点？2音乐对你学习的作用。3什么样的音乐不能听。注意：1.词数100左右；2内容充实，结构完整，语意连贯；3书写须清晰、工整。,【审题谋篇】 第一步 明确要求本文为关于你对“音乐是否有助于学习”观点的议论文， 主要人称应为_，描述音乐与你的学习效果时时态用 _。 第二步 词汇热身 1集中精力_ 2就某人而言_ 3至于 _ 4听起来像_,第一人称,一般现在时,
27、concentrate.on.,in ones case,as for.,sound like,第三步 句式升级 1我学习时喜欢听音乐。(一般表达)I like listening to music when I am studying.(句式升级)I like listening to music _(状语从句的省略) 2但是对我来说，我认为轻音乐对我的学习是最好的选择。(一般表达)But for me，soft music is the best choice for my study.(句式升级)But _，soft music is the best choice for my stu
28、dy.,when studying,in my case,3我不确定如果我温习功课的时候听莫扎特的音乐我的成绩是否会提高。(一般表达)I dont know whether I will improve my scores if I listen to Mozart when I revise.(句式升级)I am _ will improve if I listen to Mozart when I revise. 4听起来是个好主意。(一般表达)It sounds like a good idea.(句式升级)It _ it is a good idea.,not sure whether
29、 my scores,sounds that,I like listening to music when studying because I find it concentrates me on what I am doing.I prefer studying in an environment that is filled with music.But in my case，I think soft music is the best choice for my study.As for rock or rap，I would say “No way” because they are too noisy.If my parents heard music coming from my bedroom they would know that I was studying！I am not sure whether my scores will improve if I listen to Mozart when I revise，but it sounds like a good idea.,【连句成篇】,
