1、第 27 讲 动词的时态【名题实战】1As we all know，the Silk Road _B_ China to the west in ancient times.(2014，安徽)Aconnects BconnectedCwill connect Dis connecting2I cant find David.Where is he ？( 2013，安徽)He _B_ for tomorrows competition at home.Aprepares Bis preparingChas prepared Dprepared3Lets discuss the plan，shal
2、l we?Not now.I _C_ to an interview.(2012，安徽)Ago BwentCam going Dwas going4He promised to pick me up at the school gate.However，he _D_ yet.(2011，安徽)Adidnt arrive Bdoesnt arriveCisnt arriving Dhasnt arrived5China develops so fast.Thats true.It _D_ a lot already.(2011，芜湖)Achanges BchangedCwill change D
3、has changed6Have you ever been to Shanghai，Mary?Yes， I _B_ there for three days with my parents last month.(2010，安徽)Ahave gone Bhave beenCwent Dwas【考点梳理】近五年来，动词时态一直是安徽中考考查的重点内容。对时态的考查主要集中在一般过去时和现在完成时，同时也要注意一般现在时、一般将来时和现在进行时的运用。高频考向一 一般现在时1一般现在时的构成般现在时主要用动词的原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，一般在动词原形后面加s 或es。2一般现在时的用法表
4、示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。经常与 often，usually，every day，always，sometimes ，twice a week，on Sunday 等表时间的单词或短语连用。如：Most of the students in our class usually go to school by bike.我们班里大部分学生通常骑自行车去上学。I practice playing football every day.我每天练习踢足球。表示普遍真理或客观事实。如：The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，用一般现在
5、时表示将来。如：If it doesnt rain tomorrow，we will go for a picnic.如果明天不下雨，我们将去野餐。【例 1】 Do you know whether David will go cycling or not tomorrow？(2013，泰安)David？Never！He_outdoor activities.Ahates BhatedCis hating Dhas hated解析：根据语境可知此处句意为“他不喜欢户外运动”这是描述个人喜好的句子，应使用一般现在时。答案：_A_【例 2】 What does Toms uncle do?He i
6、s a teacher.He_physics at a school now.(2013，武汉)Awill teach Bhas taughtCteaches Dtaught解析：根据语境可知“他现在在一所学校教物理” ，表示目前的情况，故用一般现在时。答案：_C_高频考向二 一般过去时1一般过去时的构成一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。特别注意：不规则动词的过去式。2一般过去时的用法表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。经常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday，last Sunday，in 2010，just now，the other day，the next day，three
7、 days ago 等。如：I met him in the street yesterday.我昨天在街上见到了他。表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。如：He often went to work by bus last year.去年他经常坐公共汽车去上班。【例 3】After Steven sent some emails，he_surfing the Internet.(2014，杭州)Astarts Bhas startedCwill start Dstarted解析：由前半句中 sent 可知，应用一般过去时。答案：_D_【例 4】 Excuse me，look at the sig
8、n NO PHOTOS!Sorry，I_it.( 2013，呼和浩特 )Adont see Bdidnt seeChavent seen Dwont see解析：根据句意“对不起，请看禁止拍照的标牌！” “对不起，我没看见它。 ”可以判断“刚才没有看见” ，必须用一般过去时。答案：_B_高频考向三 现在进行时1现在进行时的构成现在进行时的构成为：be动词的现在分词特别注意：现在分词的构成形式2现在进行时的用法表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。如：What is he doing？他正在干什么？He is watching TV.他正在看电视。表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。(说话
9、时不一定正在做) 如：They are picking apples on a farm these days.这些天他们一直在农场摘苹果。go，come，leave，arrive 等表示位置移动的词通常用现在进行时表示将来。如：He is leaving for Japan tomorrow.他明天要前往日本。现在进行时常用的时间状语：now ，all the time，these days，this year，at the moment 等。【例 5】 Are your parents at home，Jane？(2013，济南 )No，they_taking a walk in the
10、park.Ado Bare Cwill Dhave解析：现在进行时的结构为“be现在分词” ，该处缺少 be 动词。答案：_B_【例 6】 Be quiet！The other students_Asleep BsleptCare sleeping Dsleeping解析：根据语境可知句意“保持安静，其他学生正在睡觉” ，故应用现在进行时。答案：_C_高频考向四 过去进行时1过去进行时的构成过去进行时的构成为：was/were动词的现在分词2过去进行时的用法表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。如：What were you doing at this time yesterday？昨
11、天这个时 候你在干什么？I was doing my homework.我正在做我的家庭作业。We were reading when the teacher came in.当老师进来时我们正在读书。表示两个过去的动作同时进行，可以用 while 来连接。如：I was watching TV while my mother was cooking.我在看电视 ，而我的妈妈正在做饭。过去进行时常用的时间状语：at that time，at nine yesterday，those days，when/while引导的时间状语从句等。【例 7】I called you at 8： 00 yes
12、terday evening，but no one answered.(2014，赤峰)Sorry.I_clothes for my parents at that time.Awash BwashedCam washing Dwas washing解析：由时间状语“at that time”可知，应用过去进行时。答案：_D_【例 8】 I didnt hear the phone because my father_TV then.(2013，潍坊)Ais watching Bwas watchingCwatches Dwatched解析：主句 I didnt hear the phone
13、为一般过去时，所以原因状语从句不可能是现在进行时或一般现在时。由标志词 then 可知，应用过去进行时状态。答案：_B_高频考向五 一般将来时1一般将来时的构成般将来时的构成为：助动词 will/shall动词原形；be going to 动词原形2一般将来时的用法表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。其构成是 will动词原形。当主语是第一人称I/we 时， 助动词也可用 shall。如：He will be back in two days.他将两天后回来。Lucy will go to visit her uncle tomorrow.明天露茜将要去看望她的叔叔。We shall go to
14、see you next Sunday.下个星期天我们将去看你。表示计划、打算、决定要做的事或有某种迹象表明要发生的事。一般情况下用“be going to动词原形”结构。如：What are you going to do this Sunday？这个星期天你打算干什么？Im going to practice English.我打算练习英语。Look at the clouds.It is going to rain.看那些乌云，天要下雨了。一般将来时常用的时间状语：tomorrow，next week，next year，in two days，in the future，from no
15、w on，soon 等表示将来的时间状语。【例 9】 We have no more vegetables in the fridge.I_and buy some.(2013，河北)Ago BwentCwill go Dwas going解析：根据前句“我们冰箱里没有蔬菜了”可知后句句意为“我将要去买些” 。故此处应用一般将来时态。答案：_C_【例 10】 Have you ever been to the Great Wall?Not yet.I_it this year.(2014，台州)Avisited Bhave visitedCwas visiting Dwill visit解析：
16、由答句前半句“还没有去”可知，后半句句意为“我将今年去参观它” 。故应用一般将来时态。答案：_D_高频考向六 现在完成时1现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成为：助动词 have/has动词的过去分词2现在完成时的用法表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。如：Have you had your lunch yet？你吃过午饭了吗？Yes， I have.Ive just had it.是的，我刚吃过。(现在不饿了)表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，可能还要持续下去，常与 for 或since 连用。表示持续的动作或状态多为延续性动词。如：He has lived her
17、e since 1999.自从 1999 年以来，他就住在这儿。I have learnt English for ten years.我学习英语有 10 年了。注意：非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。必须把非延续性动词改为相应的表示延续性的动词或短语，这时可与表示一段时间的状语连用。常见的非延续性动词通常作如下变换：comebe in，leavebe away，buy have，borrowkeep ，diebe dead，beginbe on，closebe closed，open be open，join be in/be a member of，go/come therebe
18、there， get marriedbe married，catch a coldhave a cold，returnbe back，fall ill be ill，becomebe，has gone tohas been in 等。如：误：I have bought this computer for two years.正：I have had this computer for two years.我买这台电脑有两年了。与现在完成时连用的时间状语：already，yet，just ，ever，never ，before，so far， these days，in/during the p
19、ast few years，for一段时间，since过去的时间点，since一般过去时的从句等。【例 11】Dave，we will leave in 10 minutes.Are you ready?No，I_our guide book and towels yet.(2013，玉林)Adont pack Bdidnt packChave packed Dhavent packed解析：根据 no 可知，还没有准备好，排除 C；根据句意“Dave ，我们将 10 分钟后出发。你准备好了吗？”可知从过去到现在还没准备好，是对现在的一种影响，由标志词 yet 可知，应用现在完成时。答案：_D
20、_【例 12】 His grandma has_for 5 years.(2014，衡阳)Adied Bbeen diedCbeen dead解析：由句中时间状语“for 5 years”可知，本题应用现在完成 时且动词应用延续性动词。答案：_C_一、单项选择。1Look，the set of keys _C_ on the teachers desk.(2014， 安顺)Aare Bwere Cis Dwas2My husband always _B_ me flowers every week before we got married but now he never _(2014，呼和
21、浩特 )Asends；does Bsent；doesCwas going to send；do Dsent；do3I saw Ken in the meeting room，he _D_ Joe for the school magazine.(2014，河北)Ainterviews BinterviewedChas interviewed Dwas interviewing4Youre in a hurry.Where are you going？(2014，江西)To the cinema.Sue _C_ for me outside.Awaits BwaitedCis waiting D
22、was waiting5Do you think grandpa and grandma _B_ late?No，the train is usually on time.(2014，苏州)Awere Bwill beCwas Dhave been6The Amazing Spider Man 2 is on these days.Its fantastic.Really？But I _C_ it yet.(2014，湖州)Adidnt see Bwont seeChavent seen Dam not seeing7Jim isnt in the classroom.Where is he
23、now?He _C_ the library.(2014， 滨州)Awill go to Bhas been toChas gone to Dgoes to8The zoo keeper is worried because the number of visitors _C_ smaller and smaller.Abecome Bare becomingCis becoming Dhave become9So you have watched the action movie，havent you?Yes.I _B_ it with my parents in Lu Xun Theatr
24、e.(2014，绍兴)Awatch BwatchedCwill watch Dam watching10Can you find our city _A_ a lot in recent years？(2014，泰安)Yes.The road is wider and the buildings are taller.Ahas changed BchangesCchanged Dwill change11Why are you in such a hurry，Mike?There _B_ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.(2014，安顺)Awill
25、have Bwill beCis going to have Dare going to be12I suppose you are at least 60 years old.Thank you.Im glad you _B_ that.My real age is 362.(2014，黄冈)Asay BsaidCare saying Dwere saying13My sister _B_ the Youth League for more than two years.(2014，齐齐哈尔)Ahas taken part in Bhas been inChas joined in Dhas
26、 joined14Alice likes doing housework.She _A _ her room every afternoon.(2014，温州)Acleans BcleanedCis cleaning Dhas cleaned15Robots _A_ more heavy work for us in the future.(2014，天津)Awill do BdidChave done Dwere doing16Where is your father？(2014，重庆)He _A_ the World Cup in the living room.Ais watching BwatchesCwatched Dwill watch17The teacher is already standing here.Do you know when she _B_？( 2014，河北)Acomes BcameCis coming Dwas coming18Has your friend completed his design?Not yet.He _D_ on it last night.(2014，扬州)Aworked Bhas workedCis working Dwas working
