1、话题 03 周围的环境 【话题解读】 考纲中的周围环境指的是家园、房屋、或套房，如公寓（apartment） 、宿舍（dormitory）等，放屋里的房间，如客厅（living room） 、卧室（bedroom） 、厨房（kitchen） 、浴室（bathroom） ，以及室内的家具；校园：教学楼、教室、操场、图书室、电脑室、实验楼；家园和校园外围：杂货店（grocery store） 、书店（book shop） 、图书馆（library） 、博物馆（museum）等。【高考探究】 历年高考试题中多次涉及“周围的环境”这个话题，并没有专门为写环境而写环境。往往都是两到三个话题的综合。导读：
2、人们的爱好各有不同。有人喜欢购物，有人喜欢吸烟，还有人喜欢食物。作者却热衷于体育锻炼。在锻炼的同时，她获得了成就感，也在不断突破自我。Commitment Its 5:00 in the morning when the alarm rings in my ears. I roll out of bed and walk blindly through the dark into the bathroom. I turn on the light and put on my glasses. The house is still as I walk downstairs while my hu
3、sband and three kids sleep peacefully. Usually I go for a long run, but today I choose my favorite exercise DVD, Insanity. Sweat pours down my face and into my eyes. My heart races as I force my body to finish each movement. As I near the end of the exercise, I feel extremely tired, but a smile is o
4、n my face. Its not a smile because the DVD is over, but a smile of success from pushing my body to its extreme limit.Some people enjoy shopping, smoking, food, work, or even chocolate. But I need exercise to get through each day. Some shake heads when they see me run through the town. Others get hur
5、t when I refuse to try just one bite of their grandmothers chocolate cake. They raise their eyebrows, surprised by my no thank you, or by my choice to have a salad. Over the years, I have learned its okay to just say no. I shouldnt feel sorry for refusing food that I dont want to eat.So what drives
6、me to roll out of bed at 5:00 a.m.? What gives me the reason to just say no to ice cream? Commitment. A commitment to change my life with a way that reduces daily anxiety, increases selfconfidence and energy, extends life and above all improves my body shape. This is the point where a smile appears
7、on my face as I look at myself in the mirror or try on my favorite pair of jeans that now fit just right. Its through commitment and sweat that I can make a difference within myself inside and out.承诺凌晨 5 点，闹钟在我耳边响起。我翻身起床，在黑暗中摸索着走进浴室。我打开灯，戴上眼镜。当我下楼时，房子里一片寂静，丈夫和三个孩子还在安睡。通常我会出去长跑，可是今天我选择了最爱的健身光盘 Insani
8、ty。不一会儿，汗水顺着脸颊流下来，流入我的双眼。我强迫自己完成每一个动作，我的心在狂跳。健身快要结束的时候，我已经疲惫不堪，但是我却面带笑容。这不是因为健身结束而露出的笑容，而是我将自己的身体推向极限后成功的笑容。有人喜欢购物，有人喜欢吸烟，有人喜欢食物，有人喜欢工作，甚至有人喜欢巧克力。但是我每天都要锻炼身体。当看到我在城中长跑时，有些人会不以为然地摇头。当我拒绝品尝别人的奶奶为我们准备的巧克力蛋糕时，他们会感到很受伤。听到我说不，谢谢或者看到我选择了色拉时，他们会惊讶地扬起眉头。多年以来，我知道我可以说不。我没有必要为拒绝自己不喜欢吃的东西而感到抱歉。那么是什么使我凌晨 5 点就起床呢？
9、又是什么理由让我拒绝冰淇淋呢？那就是承诺，一个改变人生的承诺减少焦虑、增强自信和精力、延年益寿，尤其是塑造体型。这就是当我对镜自照的时候，或者穿上现在已经非常合身的牛仔裤时面露笑容的原因。正是通过承诺和汗水，我从内到外彻底改变了自己。重点单词:1. alarm lm n. 闹铃2. blindly blandl adv. 摸索地3. commitment kmtm()nt n. 承诺4. extend kstend vt. 延伸话题下的阅读理解Passage1（2017 年北京卷）题型 体裁 话题 难度 建议时间阅读理解 记叙文 伦敦运河博物馆的四场专题 5 分钟Monthly Talks a
10、t London Canal MuseumOur monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you dont need to book. They end around 21:00.November 7th The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal eng
11、ineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers“.December 5th Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the a
12、rrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering. Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how Londons ice trade grew.February 6th An Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is
13、moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.March 6thEyots and Aits Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of
14、 greatest interest.Online bookings: www.canalmuseum.org.uk/bookMore info: www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatsonLondon Canal Museum12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RTwww.canalmuseum.org.uk www.canalmuseum.mobiTel: 020 7713 083621.When is the talk on James Brindley?A. February 6th. B. March 6th.C. November 7
15、th. D. December 5th.22.What is the topic of the talk in February?A. The Canal Pioneers. B. Ice for the Metropolis.C. Eyots and Aits Thames Islands. D. An Update on the Cotswold Canals.23.Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames?A. Miranda Vickers. B. Malcolm Tucker.C. Chris Lewis. D. Liz
16、Payne.【文章大意】本文介绍了伦敦运河博物馆在 11 月、12 月、2 月和 3 月推出的四场专题讲座的具体日期、主要内容、演讲者的情况等。3.A 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第四场讲座的介绍的第一句可知，由 Miranda Vickers 主讲的这场讲座的内容是关于“Thames Islands“的。话题下的书面表达Writing 1（2016天津卷）题型 体裁 话题 难度 建议时间书面表达 应用文 欢送辞 20 分钟假设你是晨光中学的学生会主席李津。一批来自英国的高中生与你校学生开展了为期两周的交流活动。现在，他们即将回国，你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。(1)回顾双方的
17、交流活动（如学习、生活、体育、文艺等方面） ；(2)谈谈收获或感想；(3)表达祝愿与期望。注意：(1)词数不少于 100；(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear friends,How time flies! Thank you.【参考范文】Dear friends, How time flies! Two weeks have passed since you came to our school for the exchange program, which we all have benefited from.During these
18、two weeks, we have studied and lived together, which gives us the opportunity to promote our friendship. Doing sports as a team has enabled us to know each other better. Your art skills are excellent and admirable, which leaves me a deep impression. I think all our classmates have learned a lot from
19、 our communication and the various activities.Now, on behalf of my schoolmates, I wish you a safe return. I also hope that there will be more events of this kind in the future.Thank you.I.阅读理解A阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Who we are:We are PosterGarden, since 1995 the creative, customer-focu
20、sed leader in portable displays(显示器). PosterGarden offers uniquely simple and reliable portable trade shows and event display products. We carry a full line of display products. In addition, PosterGarden offers a complete suite of graphic(平面造型设计的) design services, and we help our customers find succ
21、ess at all their trade shows and events every step of the way. And finally, we are committed to finding products and processes that are green and environmentally friendly.Why choose PosterGarden?Thanks to our devotion to customer needs, PosterGarden knows what clients(委托人) are looking for when it co
22、mes to portable displays: simplicity and reliability. Our products are of good quality and easy to use; our design and printing services result in bold, colorful displays; our Project Managers stay involved from start to finish.The PosterGarden difference:Since 1995 PosterGarden has specialized in h
23、igh-quality graphics and portable displays. We also design and use our very own line of products. So when it comes to what works best in a portable display and how to get the highest-quality graphics available, we know what were talking about.We also have a full staff of Project Managers who will he
24、lp you throughout the entire ordering process and beyond. And our professional designers can help you create just the design youre looking for. And dont forget, our speedy turnaround time just six business days guarantees that youll get your display right away.Thats the PosterGarden difference. Smar
25、t. Firm. Simple. Portable Displays.More information:For more information about PosterGarden, our products and our company, please contact us at 800-707-0204.1.Which aspect of PosterGarden does the first paragraph focus on?A. Convenience. B. Responsibilities.C. Services. D. Characteristics.2.What can
26、 we learn about PosterGarden?A. Project Managers help clients create the design.B. Products are easily used and high in quality.C. The line of products is from other companies.D. Designers stay involved from start to finish.3.How is PosterGarden special?A. It is good for the environment.B. It has a
27、longer turnaround time.C. It gets help throughout the ordering process.D. It has smart, firm and simple portable displays.【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了 PosterGarden 的服务、优势、目标以及吸引人的独特之处和联系方式。3.D 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三部分中的“Thats the PosterGarden difference. Smart. Firm. Simple. Portable Displays“可知选 D。B根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选
28、出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Helicopter parenting refers to a style of parents who are over focused on their children.1 For example, it can increase feelings of love and acceptance. However, helicopter parenting may be harmful to childrens development in the following ways.Decreased confidence and self-
29、esteem(自尊).The message the parents over-involvement sends to kids is “my parents dont trust me to do this on my own“. 2 Increased anxiety. A study from the University of Mary Washington has shown that overparenting is associated with higher levels of child anxiety and depression.Undeveloped problem-
30、solving skills. If parents are always there to clean up a childs mess or prevent the problem in the first place, how does the child ever learn to deal with loss, disappointment, or failure? 3 Strengthened sense of entitlement(权利).Children who have always had their social, academic, and athletic live
31、s adjusted by their parents to best fit their needs can become accustomed to always having their way and thus they develop a sense of entitlement.4 Parents who always tie shoes, clear plates, and pack lunches, even after children are able to do the tasks, prevent their children from mastering these
32、life skills themselves.So, parents should let children struggle, allow them to be disappointed, and when failure occurs, help them to work through it. 5 Remember: taking one step back from solving childrens problems will help build the independent, and self-confident kids.A. Weakened life skills.B.
33、Damaged life experiences.C. And this distrust leads to a lack of confidence.D. Helicopter parenting has many benefits for children.E. Parents should also let children do tasks they are physically and mentally able to do.F. Making your 3-year-olds bed sounds reasonable, while making your 13-year-olds
34、 bed doesnt.G. Studies found helicopter parenting can make children feel less able in dealing with the stresses of life on their own.【文章大意】本文为说明文，主要分析了“直升机“式子女养育法的缺点，并提出了一些正确的养育方法。3.G 【解析】本段主要讲“直升机“式子女养育法不利于培养孩子应对失落感、失败等的能力。故 G 项符合语境。4.A 【解析】 本段需要一个主题句 ,应当在 A 和 B 之间选择。 A 项呼应本段中的“prevent their childr
35、en from mastering these life skills“，故 A 项最佳。5.E 【解析】本段主要介绍正确的养育方法，故 E 项最佳。II.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Growing up in one of the poorest, most violent communities in Atlanta, US and being raised by a single uneducated mother, not many people expected much of me, so I had to
36、 expect 1 of myself. On my 13th birthday, I bought a 2 of Harvard and put it on the wall of my room. Being at Harvard became what I 3 : I saw myself attending class in Sanders Theater, studying in Widener Library and eating in Annenberg Hall. Even when my electricity was 4 , I knew that my poster of
37、 Harvard was still 5 only two feet away from me. Id 6 my day by asking myself these two questions: “What do I want in my life?” and, “Are the things I am doing today going to get me 7 to that life?”8 myself of my goal each day made it 9 for me to say no to the choices my peers(同龄人) make, because tho
38、se 10 wouldnt have led me to my goal. I found that even poverty could not 11 my power to decide what I choose to do with my 12 . Every day I could 13 myself moving towards my dream university 14 my writing got better, SAT score 15 , and my scholarship checks started coming in. March 31st, 2011, an e
39、mail arrived 16 Harvard. The first word was “Congratulations!” A month later, Harvard flew me up to visit the campus where 17 I got to see inside Sanders Theater, 18 Widener Library and eat dinner in Annenberg Hall. Who you are today is the 19 of the decisions you made yesterday, and who you will be
40、 tomorrow will be up to the choices you make 20 . Who do you want to be tomorrow?1.A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything2.A. brochure B. book C. poster D. picture3.A. dreamt of B. struggled for C. held on D. wondered about4.A. broken up B. cut off C. pulled down D. put out5.A. putting B.
41、 sticking C. standing D. hanging6.A. begin B. complete C. spend D. explore7.A. familiar B. relevant C. further D. closer8.A. Reminding B. Recalling C. Informing D. Equipping9.A. hard B. easy C. impossible D. sad10.A. instructions B. paths C. expectations D. activities11.A. give up B. deal with C. ta
42、ke away D. turn down12.A. future B. career C. school D. family13.A. feel B. inspire C. practice D. push14.A. until B. if C. while D. as15.A. decreased B. arose C. changed D. increased16.A. at B. by C. from D. with17.A. for the first time B. once in a while C. all of a sudden D. in no time18.A. study
43、 B. tour C. wander D. inspect19.A. reason B. risk C. achievement D. result20.A. yesterday B. today C. tomorrow D. now【文章大意】作者意志坚定，一直想上哈佛大学。最终作者凭着自己坚强的意志实现了自己的大学梦。每个人的现状都是过去的决定的结果。将来的我们取决于今天做出的选择。1.C 【解析】考查不定代词。该句中的 so 表明前后是因果关系，很少有人对作者有很高的期待，因此作者对自己期望很高，故选 C 项。2.C 【解析】考查名词。brochure“手册” ；book“书” ；pos
44、ter“海报” ；picture“图片” 。由本段后面的内容“I knew that my poster of Harvard was”可知，作者买了一张哈佛大学的海报，故选C 项。3.A 【解析 】考查动词短语。 dreamt of“梦想，渴望” ；struggled for“为努力奋斗” ； held on“坚持” ；wondered about“想知道，对奇怪” 。结合语境，能上哈佛大学是作者渴望的事情，故选 A 项。4.B 【解析】考查动词短语。broken up“关系破裂” ；cut off“切断” ；pulled down“拆毁” ； put out“将熄灭” 。此处与主语 ele
45、ctricity 搭配，用 cut off，表示“停电” ，故选 B 项。7.D 【解析】考查形容词。familiar“熟悉的” ；relevant“相关的” ；further“更进一步的” ；closer“更接近的” 。结合语境，作者问自己每天做的事是否能使他更接近他想要的那种生活，故选 D 项。8.A 【解析 】考查动词。 reminding“提醒” ； recalling“回想” ； informing“通知，告知” ； equipping“武装，装备” 。结合上段最后一句，作者每天问自己两个问题是提醒自己自己的目标，故选 A 项。9.B 【解析】考查形容词。hard“坚硬的，困难的”
46、；easy“容易的” ；impossible“不可能的” ；sad“伤心的” 。结合语境，作者每天提醒自己自己的目标使得拒绝同龄人做出的选择容易些，故选 B 项。10.B 【解析】考查名词。instructions“指示，说明” ； paths“道路，通路” ； expectations“期待” ；activities“活动” 。结合句意，这些路不会将我领向我的目的，故选 B 项。11.C 【 解析】考查动词短语。give up“放弃” ； deal with“处理” ； take away“带走” ； turn down“调低，拒绝” 。结合上下文，作者意志坚定一心想实现自己的目标，甚至贫穷
47、都不会带走自己的意志力，故选 C 项。12.A 【解析】考查名词。future“未来” ； career“职业” ； school“学校” ； family“家庭” 。作者的目标应是涉及到作者的将来，故选 A 项。13.A 【 解析】 考查动词。feel“感觉” ； inspire“鼓励，激励” ； practice“练习” ； push“推动” 。结合后半句可知，作者每天能感觉到自己朝梦想的大学前进，故选 A 项。14.D 【解析】考查连词。until“直到” ；if“如果” ；while“当时候” ；as“随着，因为” 。该空后的句子表示的是原因，故选 D 项。15.D 【解析】 考查动词
48、。decreased“ 减少” ； arose“出现” ；changed“改变” ； increased“增加” 。结合该句前后可知，作者的 SAT 成绩得到了提高，故选 D 项。19.D 【 解析】 考查名词。reason“原因” ； risk“风险” ； achievement“成就” ； result“结果” 。结合语境，今天的你是昨天你做出的的决定的结果，故选 D 项。20.B 【 解析】 考查名词。yesterday“昨天” ； today“今天” ； tomorrow“明天” ； now“现在” 。结合上下文，明天的你是取决于你今天做出的决定，故选 B 项。III.语法填空The
49、first Edinburgh International Festival 1 (hold) 71 years ago. Its first big success came in the following year 2 an adaptation of The Thrie Estaites was performed. From then on, the Festival has 3 (gradual) grown to become one of the most popular arts festivals in the world. As the founders of the Festival believed, the Festival programs have enriched the 4 (culture) life of Britain and even Europe.The Festival focuses on the fields of music, art, dance
