1、专题十一 非谓语动词,辽宁地区,分析近3年辽宁各地市中考真题可知， 辽宁中考对非谓语动词的考查较少， 主要在单项选择和完形填空中考查动词不定式的用法。动词不定式主要集中在不定式作目的状语、不定式作宾补、不定式作主语、不定式作宾语及make、let等词后接省略to的不定式的用法。,第一讲 动词不定式,【注意】 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not。 如： My mother decided not to have a trip to Yunnan with me. 我妈妈决定不和我去云南旅游了。 不定式可以和疑问词who, which, what, how, where, when连用，
2、构成不定式短语， 在句子中作主语、宾语或表语。如： Could you tell me how to operate this machine? 你能告诉我怎样操作这台机器吗？,【拓展提示】 关于不定式的重点考查在于含有不定式的句式或结构： Itbeadj.ofsb.to do sth.意为“某人能做某事真是太了”。此类形容词通常是表示主观感情或态度的形容词。如：good, kind, nice, wise, clever, foolish, right, wrong, careful, careless等。如： Its very wise of you to do it ahead of t
3、ime. 你太明智了， 提前做了那件事。,Itbeadj.forsb.to do sth.意为“对来说做某事真是太了。”此类形容词通常是表示客观情况的形容词。如：easy, hard, difficult, important, necessary, impossible, interesting等。如： Its necessary for us to take a map when traveling. 对我们来说， 旅行的时候带一张地图是有必要的。 too.to结构与enough to结构,too.to结构意为“太而不能”， enough to结构意为“足够以至于能”。如： The wat
4、er is too hot to drink. 水太烫了不能喝。 主语think/find等itadj.to do sth. 意为“某人认为/发现做某事”。如： I think it easy to finish the passage in three hours. 我认为三个小时完成这篇文章是很简单的。,第二讲 动名词的用法,表示一般的习惯或抽象行为或经常性的动作, Susan dislikes wearing school uniform on Mondays. Stamps are used for sending letters. 表语,多数情况下， 动名词作表语可转化为主语,My
5、hobby is playing chess. Playing chess is my hobby. 定语,只表明所修饰词的用途、所属关系等， 位于修饰词前,Would you like to go to the reading room with me?,Yes, Id like to.【注意】 有些动词或词组后常跟动名词作宾语， 常见的此类动词有： finish(完成), practice(练习), worth(值得), keep(继续), be used to(习惯), give up(放弃), consider(考虑), cant help(忍不住；情不自禁), feel like(想
6、要), miss(思念), imagine(想象), mind(介意), avoid(避免), enjoy(喜欢；享受), have fun(玩得开心), look forward to(期待),【巧思妙记】 完成练习值得忙； 继续习惯别放弃； 考虑建议不禁想； 喜欢思念想象要介意。 有些动词或词组后跟动名词或动词不定式均可， 但是意义上有差别： (1)stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停止、中断做某事后去做另一件事,(2)forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(事情已做) forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事(事情没做) (3
7、)remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(事情已做) remember to do sth. 记着去做某事(事情没做) (4)try doing sth. 尝试着去做某事 try to do sth. 努力去做某事 (5)go on doing sth. 继续不停地做同一件事 go on to do sth. 做完一件事， 接着去做另外一件事,(6)allow doing sth. 允许做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 (7)regret doing sth. 对做过的事情感到遗憾、后悔 regret to do sth. 对要做的事感到遗憾 (8
8、)mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 mean to do sth. 打算、想做某事,第三讲 动词的过去分词,【注意】 英语中过去分词作宾补(此时的过去分词一般为及物动词)表示被动或完成的意义， 有时两者兼有。作宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系， 即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如：She found a gift bought by her friend in America. (宾补与宾语有被动关系， 表示一种状态) 【拓展提示】 “make宾语过去分词”结构中， 过去分词形式的动词必须是表示结果的含义。如： The good news made us excited. 这个好
9、消息让我们兴奋。, 过去分词用在感官动词watch, notice, see, hear, feel, find, listen to等后面。如： When we got to school, we saw the door locked. 到学校时， 我们发现门被锁了。 过去分词用在“with宾语宾补”结构中， 过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如： The teacher walked into the classroom with his hands put behind his back.老师双手背后地走进了教室。 过去分词用在get, have, make后面， 注意“have宾语过去分
10、词”结构的两种情况：, 表示“让某人做某事/ 让某事(被人)做”eg. I have my hair cut. 我已经(让人)把头发剪了。 表示“遭遇到某种不幸， 受到打击， 蒙受损失” eg. I had my wallet stolen on the bus last week. 上周在公交车上， 我的钱包被偷了。,【即时自测】 1)It is known that White Deer Plain is one of the most famous novels _ by Chen Zhongshi. A. writes B. to write C. was written D. wri
11、tten 2)I advised that you should stop _ a rest. You are too tired. I will take a threeday holiday as soon as this project is finished. A. to have B. have C. having D. had,D,A,3)He promises _ it a secret between them, and doesnt tell it to anyone. A. to keep B. kept C. keeping D. keep 4)Do you have a
12、ny difficulty in _ French? Yes, but I try to make myself _ A. to speak; understood B. speaking; understand C. to speak; to understand D. speaking; understood,A,D,5)Walking more is good for our health. Youre right. So Id rather _ an hours walk to work than consider _ a car. A. take; driving B. take;
13、drive C. take; to drive D. to take; driving 6)Luoyang is working hard _ for the coming 35th Peony Festival. Then millions of visitors will come to Luoyang for the beautiful flowers. A. prepare B. to prepare C. prepares D. prepared,A,B,7)When I was walking past the window, I noticed Judy_ my homework
14、. I really got _ A. copying; annoying B. copy; annoying C. copying; annoyed D. copied; annoyed 8)When you leave the classroom, please turn off the lights _ energy. A. save B. to save C. saving D. saved,C,B,方向一 辨别谓语与非谓语 辨别谓语与非谓语最简单的方法就是从所给选项入手，若四个答案分别是动词原形、不定式、现在分词和过去分词， 则此题考查非谓语的可能性极大。,【例1】(2017, 重庆
15、A卷) Do you have any plans for the coming vacation? Sure. We decide _ Sansha in July. A. visit B. visiting C. visited D. to visit 解析：句意“你对即将到来的假期有什么计划吗？”“当然有。我们决定七月_三沙。” decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”， 为固定搭配。故选D。,方向二 熟记习惯搭配 非谓语动词部分，最主要的一点就是熟记哪些动词后用不定式，哪些动词后跟动名词，同时也要识记使用非谓语动词的常用句型。,【例2】(2017, 昆明) Nowadays, its convenient and cheap for us _ a sharedbicycle. A. ride B. to ride C. flying D. to fly 解析：句意“如今， 对我们而言_一辆共享单车既方便又便宜。”It is adj. for sb. to do sth.句型，意为“对某人而言做某事是的”， 为固定用法，故首先排除A、C项；ride意为“骑”，fly意为“飞”，故根据句意可知选B。,
