1、第三讲 代词,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,代词是在句中代替名词或相当于名词、词组、短语或句子的词。大多数代词具有名词或形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、关系代词和连接代词9种。这里我们重点讲7种(关系代词和连接代词将在第十三讲讲解)。,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,考点一人称代词 人称代词是用来指人、动物或其他事物的代词。它的主要用途是在句子中避免名词的重复,人称代词有单复数以及主格与宾格的变化。 1.人称代词的分类,考点一,考点二,考点三,考
2、点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,2.人称代词的用法 (1)人称代词的主格在句中做主语。 I like apples.我喜欢苹果。 (2)人称代词的宾格可在句中做动词或介词的宾语,也可以做表语。 Let us help Tom.让我们帮助汤姆吧。 Its me.是我。,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,3.人称代词的排列顺序,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,典例1(2016广西贺州)If you want to learn English better,you can make friends with American students and of
3、ten talk to . A.their B.theirs C.They D.them 解析:句意:如果你想英语学得更好,你可以和美国学生交朋友,经常和他们交谈。to是介词,其后跟人称代词的宾格做宾语。故选D项。 答案:D,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,2.Wang Han is a famous host at Hunan TV Station,and does well in making jokes. A.he B.his C.him D.himself,考点一,考点二,考点三,考
4、点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,3.Reading more helps learn better. A.we B.our C.us D.ours,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,4.This morning Diana invited to birthday party. A.I;her B.I;hers C.me;her D.me;hers,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,考点二物主代词 物主代词是表示所属关系的代词,代指事物的主人。分为形容词性物主代词(以下简称形物代)和名词性物主代词(以下简称名物代)。 1.物主代词
5、的分类,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,2.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,典例2(2016新疆阜康)These arent books.Mary,you left at home. A.you;your B.your;yours C.yours;your D.your;you 解析:形容词性物主代词后跟名词,名词性物主代词后不跟名词。故选B项。 答案:B,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,
6、考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,考点三反身代词 1.反身代词的分类 反身代词指动作的承受者是动作执行者本身或强调动作所涉及的人称的代词,也就是表示“我自己、你自己、我们自己”等的代词。单数以-self结尾,复数以-selves结尾。具体如下:,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,2.反身代词的语法功能I teach myself English.我自学英语。 I dont feel myself today.我今天感觉不舒服。 Yo
7、u can do it by yourself.你能自己做。,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,典例3(2016山东东营)If we just think about ,the boat of friendship will be overturned anytime. A.myself B.himself C.yourself D.ourselves 解析:we的反身代词为ourselves。 答案:D,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,
8、考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,11.Dont worry about me.I can take good care of . A.me B.myself C.him D.himself,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,12.The man called his professor for help because he couldnt solve the problem by . A.herself B.himself C.yourself D.themselves,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,考点四指示代词 1.指示代词
9、的分类 指示代词是用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。指示代词在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语和定语。常用的指示代词有this/these,that/those。 2.指示代词的用法,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,典例4(2016湖北鄂州)The population of China is larger than of India. Yes,but Indias population is increasing rapidly. A.it B.one C.that D.this 解析:that代指上文提到的不可数名词population。故选C项。 答案:C,考点一,考点二,
10、考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,14.The weather in summer here is like in Beijing. A.this B.that C.it D.its,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,15.Whos ? is Tom speaking. A.this;This B.that;That C.that;This D.this;That,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,16.The students in Cla
11、ss One are quieter than in Class Two. A.that B.those C.them D.ones,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,考点五不定代词 (一)不定代词的分类 不明确指代某个(些)人、某个(些)事物的代词叫作不定代词。 1.常见不定代词,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,典例5(2016安徽)Helen has got two brothers. of them likes chocolate,but she loves it. A.Neither B.None C.Each D.Any 解析:表示“两者
12、都不”用neither。故选A项。 答案:A,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,18.Would you like tea or coffee? ,thanks!I prefer coke. A.Both B.Neither C.All D.Some,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,19.Neither Mike nor his cousins to Australia,but of them have known the country very well
13、. A.have been;all B.have gone;both C.has been;all D.has gone;both,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,20.I dont like this hat.Could you show me one? A.other B.another C.others D.the other,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,(1)some-类复合不定代词多用于肯定句中,也可用于表示邀请、请求或建议的疑问句中;any-类复合不定代词多用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中,也可用于肯定句中,意为“任何人”
14、或“任何事”。 I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情告诉你。,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,Would you like something to drink? 你想喝点什么吗? I cant see anything in the dark room. 在这个黑暗的房间里我什么也看不见。 Anything is possible. 一切皆有可能。 (2)复合不定代词被修饰语所修饰时,形容词要放在不定代词的后面。 Is there anything important in todays newspaper?
15、今天的报纸上有什么重要消息吗?,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,典例6(2016江苏泰州)Is there else in the classroom? It is empty. is listening to a speech in the school hall. A.anyone;Anyone B.anyone;Everyone C.everyone;Anyone D.everyone;Everyone 解析:在疑问句中用anyone;everyone表示“每一个”,强调整体。故选B项。 答案:B,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析
16、,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,I have some questions to ask you. 我有些问题要问你。 Have you got any books?你有书吗? Would you like some coffee?你想要点咖啡吗? You can ask me any question. 你可以问我任何问题。,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,
17、考点六,考点七,典例7(2016四川南充)I have two soccer balls.What about you? Oh,I dont have . A.some B.no C.any D.much 解析:在否定句中用any,表示一些。 答案:C,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,28.Have you got water to drink? Here
18、you are.There is still in the bottle. A.some;any B.some;some C.any;some D.any;any,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,The problem is too difficult,and few students can work it out. 这道题太难了,没几个学生能做出来。 She says little but does much.她说得少,做得多。,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,典例8(2016四川宜宾,改编)This passage is very diff
19、icult. people can understand it. A.A few B.Few C.A little D.Little 解析:句意:这篇文章很难。没有几个人能够明白它。few“不多”,本身含有否定意义。故选B项。 答案:B,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,32.The fishermen knew about the island when t
20、hey arrived there first. A.few B.a little C.a few D.little,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,典例9(2016新疆阜康)Old Mr.Black lives happily with his three dogs. of them are part of his family. A.Both B.All C.None D.Neither 解析:句意:老布莱克先生和他的三只狗快乐地生活在一起。它们都是他家庭的一部分。all“三者或三者以上都”,故选B项。 答案:
21、B,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,34.Would you like some juice or milk? is OK.I dont mind. A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.All,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,35.Do you live by yourself,Mr.Wang? Yes.I have two children.But of them lives with me.They are now studying
22、 in England. A.both B.none C.neither D.either,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,36.There are many trees and flowers on side of Jingshi East Road. A.both B.all C.each D.every,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,You can ask other people.你可以问问别人。 We should help others.我们应该帮助别人。 He has finished five bowls of wi
23、ne and he wants to drink another one. 他已经喝了五碗酒,还想再喝一碗。,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,典例10(2016湖南株洲,改编)The twins are in different classes.One is in Class One and is in Class Two. A.another B.other C.the other D.others 解析:the other“两个中的另一个”。故选C项。 答案:C,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点
24、五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,5.one和itI have a new pen.My father bought it for me.And he bought one for my brother,too. 我有一支新钢笔,是爸爸买给我的(这支钢笔)。而且他也给我弟弟买了一支(相似的但非上文那支)。,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,典例11(2016天津)I cant find
25、 my ticket.I think I have lost . A.it B.one C.this D.them 解析:it代指上文中提到的单个事物本身,复数用they或them代替;one代指同类事物中的一个。故选A项。 答案:A,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,规律总结it的其他用法 指代婴儿或不
26、明身份的人 表示天气、时间、季节或距离 答语中代替this/that 形式主语常见句式: A.Its+adj.+(for/of sb.)to do sth. B.Its time for sb.to do sth. C.It takes/took/will take sb.+时间+to do sth. D.It seems+that从句 E.Its+adj.+that从句 形式宾语 Youll find it interesting to be with us. 你会发现和我们相处很有趣。,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,典例12We decide to make a
27、rule for us roommates to turn off the lights at 10:30 p.m. A.that B.this C.it D.one 解析:it可以在句子中代替动词不定式做宾语。 答案:C,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,(三)不定代词的特殊使用 1.形容词或else做定语:由some-/any-/no-/every-等构成的不定代词+形容词/else I want to do something di
28、fferent. 我想做点不同的事。 Do you know anyone else at the party? 你认识聚会上的其他人吗? 2.everyone = everybody每个人;所有人,不与of连用 every one每一个(人/事物),可与of连用 Is everyone here?大家都到齐了吗? Everyone is happy because they worked out every one of the problems. 大家都很开心,因为他们解决了所有问题。,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,考点六疑问代词 常见疑问代词及用法,考点一,考点
29、二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,典例13(2016山东菏泽,改编) teachers will you miss the most after junior high school,Lisa? Ms.Lee and Mr.Hunt. A.Whose B.Which C.What D.How many 解析:which“哪一”。故选B项。 答案:B,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,答案,解析,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点七,考点七相互代词 相互代词是表示相互关系的代词。在句中可以做宾语;也可与-s一起构成所有格修饰名词做定语。相互代词共有两种:each other和one another,意为“互相;彼此”。例如: They help each other when in trouble. 遇到麻烦时,他们互相帮助。 提示:关系代词和连接代词见复合句,
