1、Unit 7 Whats the highest mountain in the world?,Part : Text Review & Knowledge Test Part : Key Words, Phrases & Sentences Part : Grammar Focus,Part : Text Review & Knowledge Test,Reading ExtentionMount Everest/Mt. QomolangmaMount Everest, also known as Mt. Qomolangma, is Earths highest mountain. It
2、is located in the Mahalangur Himal mountain range in Nepal and Tibet, China. Its peak is 8,848 metres (29,029 ft) above sea level. It is not the furthest summit from the centre of the Earth. That honour goes to Mount Chimborazo, in the Andes. In Tibet, Qomolangma means “Mother of the world“(大地之母，圣母峰
3、).,Date of Qomolangma Elevation: 8,848 m (snow cap, 1999, Nepal)8844.43 m(rock head, 2005, China) Prominence: Ranked 1st Location: Solukhumbu District, Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal; Tingri County, Xigaz, Tibet Autonomous Region, China Range: Mahalangur Himal, Himalayas Coordinates: 275917N, 865531E First
4、ascent: 29st May 1953, Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay Normal route: southeast ridge(Nepal),Practice Fill in the blanks with the proper form. 1. Lily gets up _(early) than Lucy. 2. Which goes _(slowly), Tom or Jim? 3. This book is _(interesting) than that one. 4. She works _(careful) in her school
5、. 5. Who goes to bed _(late) Jim, Tom or Jack? 6. I think turkey is _(delicious) of all.,earlier,more slowly,more interesting,the most carefully,latest,the most delicious,Extention: Expression 1. the worlds highest mountain/the highest mountain in the world世界最高的山 2. the longest river最长的河the second l
6、ongest river第二长河 3. the biggest desert最大的沙漠 4. the most common animals最普遍的动物 5. the most populated place人口最密集的地方 6. one of the oldest civilizations/countries最古老的文明国家之一,This elephant weighs many times more than this panda.(200 cm taller/shorter, weigh much more/less, eat much more/less, eat many time
7、s more),The panda is the national treasure of China and it is a symbol of peace. A “national treasure” is something that is important to a countrys history or culture.,1. The panda _ at the Chengdu Research Base are awake very early in the morning to _ breakfast for the baby pandas. 2. In _, pandas
8、have become so _ that they are now a symbol of China. 3. Adult pandas do not have babies very _, and some of the babies only live for a short time because of _.,keepers,prepare,often,illness,fact,popular,4. A special program in Chengdu teaches _ about why pandas are _ and how to save them. 5. The Ch
9、inese government is helping to _ the pandas. Scientists also want to better _ the habits of pandas.,children,endangered,save,understand,1. Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters high. 珠穆朗玛峰高8844.43米。The Caspian Sea is 1,025 meters deep. 里海深1025米。The Nile is 6,671 kilometers long. 尼罗河长6671千米。“数词+量词+long(deep/
10、heavy/high/tall/thick/ wide.)”，是英语中表示计量的方法。My English teacher is 1.82 meters tall. 我的英语老师高一米八二。,Part : Key Words, Phrases & Sentences,长、宽、高还可以用复合形容词，即“数字+量词(单数)+long(deep/heavy/high/tall/thick/ wide.)”表达，中间加连字符，常用作定语。This is a ten-meter-wide street, and the traffic is busy.这条路宽十米，交通繁忙。,Practice 1. 黄
11、河长5464千米。The Yellow River is 5, 464 _ _. 2. 死海约深392米。The Dead Sea is about 392 _ _. 3. The mountain is 1,500 meters high.(改为同义句)It is a _mountain.,kilometers long,1,500-meter-high,meters deep,2. China has the biggest population in the world. 中国有世界上最多的人口population n.人口 (1)population作主语时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数；
12、当表示人口的分数或百分数时，谓语动词用复数形式。Sixty nine percent of the population in Shenzhen are from other provinces. (2)表示人口多少，要用large/big和small。特指某一地区或国家的人口时, 其前加定冠词the。The population of my hometown is small. 我家乡的人口很少。,(3)问某地人口多少用Whats the population of.或是How large is the population of.。How large is the population o
13、f your city?What is the population of your city?,Practice 1. _ is the population of your country?A. How many B. How muchC. Which D. What 2. As time goes on, the worlds population is _.A. more and more B. larger and largerC. smaller and smaller D. fewer and fewer,B,D,3. Feel free to ask me anything o
14、n todays Great Wall tour.在今天的长城游中，大家尽管问我任何问题，不要拘束。feel free是英语口语中一个常用表达。feel free to do sth.无需拘束去做某事我可以用一下你的卫生间吗？可以，请随意。Can I use your bathroom?Yes, feel free.,4. The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. (1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the，副词最高级前可不用。使用最高级要将主语包括在比较范围内。序数词通常只修饰最高级。Tom is the tallest of the th
15、ree brothers in his family.Africa is the second largest continent. (2)形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示“非常”。It is a most important problem.=It is a very important problem.,(3)最高级可用(by) far, much, nearly, mostly, almost修饰。This hat is nearly/almost the biggest.*very可修饰最高级,但位置与much不同。This is the very best.T
16、his is much the best. (4) “否定词语+比较级“，“否定词语+ so.as“结构表示最高级含义。Nothing is so easy as this.=Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing.,Practice . Complete the sentences. 1. 汤姆每天锻炼，身体比以前强壮多了。Tom exercises every day and he is _ _ than before. 2. 现在学生有越来越多的作业。The students have _ _ _ homework n
17、ow. 3. 你越努力学习, 你取得的成绩就会越好。The _ you study, _ _grades you can get.,more and more,the better,harder,much,stronger,. Choose the best answer. 1. Which is _ season in Beijing? I think its autumn.A. good B. better C. best D. the best 2. Which is _, the sun, the moon or the earth?Of course, the moon is.A.
18、small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest 3. The air in Beijing is getting much _ now than a few years ago.A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest,D,B,D,4. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _ than before.A. cheap B. cheaperC. cheapest D. the cheapest,B,5. As far as I know, t
19、here are no man-made objects as big as this.据我所知，再没有像它这么大的人造物体了。as far as I know=so far as I know据我所知as/so far as I can remember我记得as/so far I can tell我能告诉你的as/so far as I can see在我看来As far as I can remember, Jacks got twin sister.我记得，杰克有一对孪生姐妹。They are not coming today, so far as I know.就我所知，他们今天不来
20、了。,man-made adj.人造的hand-made手工制作的home-made家庭制作的machine-made机制的tailor-made量体定制的；特制的；定做的self-made自学而成的；自我奋斗而成的；天然形成的The bread and pastry are homemade.,6. The first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. 第一个成功的女人是在1975年日本的田部井淳子。succeed v.成功 success u.n.成功successful adj.成功的 successfully ad
21、v.成功地succeed in(doing) sth.成功做成某事He succeeded in working out the problem.他成功解决了这个问题。,Practice Fill in the blanks with success in its proper form. 1. Just as the saying goes, “Failure is the mother of _“. 2. Cheer up, Jim. I believe you can be _ in the speech. 3. If we have no knowledge, we cannot _
22、in finishing any work.,succeed,success,successful,7. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.这些登山者的精神向我们表明：我们决不应该放弃实现自己梦想的尝试。give up doing sth.放弃做某事；半途而废achieve ones dreams=(make) ones dreams come true实现梦想achieve v.（通过努力）实现；取得；获取；达到（梦想、成绩、成功、目的
23、),He gave up trying it after failing many times.失败了好多次后他放弃了尝试做这事。Lily achieved very good exam results.莉莉考试取得了很好的成绩。 Notice如果give up的宾语是n.，那么n.可以放give和up之间，也可以放在 up之后；如果其宾语是pron.，那么pron.只能放在give和up之间。My uncle wants to give up drinking wine.我叔叔想要戒酒。,Practice 1. 这是一个获得教育的好机会。你不应该放弃它。Its a good chance t
24、o get education. You shouldnt _ _ _. 2. 史密斯先生下定决心要戒烟。Mr. Smith made a decision to _ _ _.,give it up,give up,smoking,8. Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous?even though 即使；尽管相当于even if，引导让步状语从句，一般不与并列连词but连用。Mr. Wang will come on time even though it rains.尽管下雨，
25、但王老师会按时来。,9. This elephant weighs many times more than this panda. 这头大象比这只大熊猫重很多倍。 (1)weigh v.有重；重weigh many times more than.比重很多倍(*time表倍数) (2)表示两倍用twice，三倍(及以上)用“基数词+times”。若要表示“比倍还要多”可在倍数前加over, more than。,Extention: 倍数的三种表达法 (1)A+be+倍数+as+adj./adv.原级+as + BAlex is four times as strong as Blues.
26、Alex比Blues强壮3倍。 (2)A+be+倍数+adj./adv.比较级+than + B。Alex is more than three times bigger than Blues. Alex比Blues大3倍还多。 (3)A+be+倍数+计量名词+of+B。Asia is four times the size of the Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。,Practice 1. 你的房间是我的两倍大。Your room is _ _ _ _ mine. 2. 猎豹跑得比人快6倍还不止。A cheetah runs more than _ _ _ _ _ a man. =A
27、 cheetah runs over _ _ _ _ a man.,twice as large/big as,six times as,six times faster,fast as,than,10. At birth, a baby panda is about.birth v.出生 n.出生；发育at birth 出生时give birth to.生（孩子）；引起；产生date of birth出生日期Mans nature at birth is good. 人之初，性本善。My aunt gave birth to a beautiful baby girl yesterday.
28、昨天我婶婶生下一个漂亮的小女孩。,Practice 1. 小袋鼠出生时在它妈妈的育儿袋里。_ _, a baby kangaroo is in its mothers pouch. 2. 著名的女演员姚晨生了一个健康的男孩。Yao Chen, a famous actress _ _ _ a healthy boy.,At birth,gave birth to,11. A panda can live up to 20 to 30 years.up to到达（数量，程度等）；不多于In some area of Africa, children get educated up to 12 y
29、ears old.在非洲的一些地区，孩子最多受教育到12岁。,12. Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo. 成年大熊猫一天花多于12个小时吃10千克竹子。spend vt.花费spend. (in) doing sth./on sth.在(做)某事上花费(时间/金钱)Mike spends forty minutes doing his home-work every evening.迈克每天晚上花费四十分钟做作业。,Contrast: cost/pay/spend/take花费
30、 (1)看主语pay, spend主语是人；cost, take主语是物 (2)看花费时间还是金钱cost, pay表示花钱；take表示花时间；spend既可表花费时间也可表花费金钱 (3)看句式结构 a. sth. cost sb. money b. sb. pay money for sth. c. sb. spend money/time on sth./(in) doing sth. d. It takes sb. time to do sth.,Practice 1. He _ too much time playing computer games last summer vac
31、ation. 2. It _ me about half an hour to walk to school every day. 3. How much did you _ for the CD player? Two hundred yuan. 4. The watch she bought yesterday _ her fifty dollars.,spent,takes,pay,cost,13. Scientists say there are now fewer than 2, 000 pandas living in the remaining forests.科学家们说现在不到
32、2 000只大熊猫生活在剩下的森林里。 (1)there be.doing有正在做谓语动词be要符合就近原则。There are quite a few robots working in this factory.有许多机器人正在这家工厂工作。 (2)remaining adj.剩余的；遗留的I bought a pen with the remaining money.我用剩下的钱买了一支钢笔。 Contrast: remain & leave,Practice 1. 飞机晚点了, 机场有很多人在等飞机。The plane is late, _ _ many people _ for th
33、e plane at the airport. 2. 唯一遗留的问题是我们怎样能筹集到钱。The only _ _ is how we can raise the money. 3. 杰克昨天把书落在学校里了。Jack _ his book _ _yesterday.,waiting,there are,remaining question,at school,left,14. .they run over with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall over! 它们激动地跑过去，其中一些甚至撞上
34、自己的伙伴而跌倒！run over, walk into和fall over均为短语动词。run over跑上前去；跑过去(over用作adv., 表示“从的 一边到另一边；穿越)walk into(走路时意外地）撞上fall over摔倒；跌跤；倒下fall over sth.被某物绊倒,She ran over to say hello, but I didnt recognize her.她跑过来打招呼，但我没有认出她来。The drinking driver walked straight into a tree.那个醉酒的司机撞上了树。Many trees fell over aft
35、er the storm.暴风雨后许多树木都倒了。 Tommy fell over the dog and broke his front teeth.汤米被那只狗绊了一跤，磕掉了门牙。,15. We should protect whales from water pollution. 我们应该保护鲸鱼免受水污染。protect vt.保护, 保卫protection n.保护protect.from.保护免受的侵害（或侵犯）Everyone should protect the environment from pollution.每个人都应该保护环境免受污染。,Extentionprev
36、ent/stop/keep.from doing sth.阻止做; 阻止的发生*prevent/stop sb. from doing sth.用法相同, 在主动语态中介词from可省略, 被动语态中不能省略。keep sb. from doing sth.中的from无论在主动语态中还是在被动语态中都不能省略。,Practice 1. 他抬起胳膊, 保护他的孩子免受伤害。He raised his arm to _ his child _ hurt. 2. 我们应该多植树以阻止沙尘暴的发生。We should plant more trees to _ the sandstorm _.,pr
37、event/stop,happening,protect,from,16. Some kinds of whales are in danger because humans catch whales for meat, fat and oil. 因为人们为了得到肉、脂肪和食用油而捕杀鲸鱼, 一些种类的鲸鱼正处在危险中。be in danger处在危险中be out of danger脱离危险danger u.n危险dangerous adj.危险的,Practice 1. Some wild animals are _(处在危险中)because of the flood. 2. Its _
38、(danger) to play on the street.,in danger,dangerous,Part : Grammar Focus: Numeral, Comparatives and Superlatives,1. Numeral数词是用来表示事物的数目和顺序的词。数词可分为基数词（cardinal numbers）、序数词（ordinal Numbers）和分数词（fractional numeral）。这里单讲基数词。,(1)表示确定数量时用单数，后直接接复数词。c.num.+hundred/thousand/million/billion+n.(pl.)The proje
39、ct lasted 5 years and cost 2 billion dollars.这项工程持续了5年、耗资$20亿。three hundred books三百本书five thousand students五千个学生China is over five thousand years history.中国有超过5,000年的历史。,(2)表示不确切数目时，这类词后加-s且与of连 用。hundreds of people上百号人thousands of students上千学生 Notice这类短语中，n.前如有定冠词、指示代词或形容词性物主代词时，可加of，但表示的是范围。two hu
40、ndred of the workers工人中的二百（人）(3)三位数的读法由“百位数+and+两位数”组成。102: one hundred and one123: one hundred and twenty-three,(4)三位数以上的数的读法，从个位往前数，每三位数加一个逗号。从后往前数的第一个逗号代表thousand，第二个逗号是million，第三个逗号是billion，这几个词不用复数形式，其后不加and。1024: one thousand and twenty-four2,345: two thousand, three hundred and forty-five 12,
41、345,678: twelve million, three hundred and fourty-five thousand, six hundred and seventy-eight,(5)数词+量词+adj.(deep, high, long, wide, thick)one point two meters thick1.2米厚two meters long2米长one thousand one hundred and twenty-five meters deep1,125米深eight thousand eight hundred and forty four point fou
42、r three meters high8,844.43米高nine million six hundred thousand square kilometers in size面积9,600,000平方千米,Practice . Write the following numbers in English. 1. 567 _ 2. 609 _ 3. 67,890 _ _,five hundred (and) sixty-seven,six hundred and nine,sixty-seven thousand eight hundred,and ninety,4. 98,765 _ _ 5
43、. 9,876,513_ _,nine million, eight hundred and,ninety-eight thousand seven hundred,and sixty-five,seventy-six thousand, five hundred and thirteen,. Choose the best answer from the given choices. 1. _ trees were planted on the mountain last year. A. Thousands of B. Thousand of C. Five thousand of D.
44、Five thousands 2. _ people in the world are sending and receiving e-mails every day.A. Million of B. Many millions ofC. Several million of D. Several millions,A,B,3. Can you write the number eighty-five thousand, six hundred and twenty-six?Yes, it is _.A. 856,126 B. 85,626C. 185,626 D. 185,206,B,2.
45、Comparatives &Superlatives of adj.&adv.大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级。 (1)原级: 常用结构as.as.像一样 Zhang Hong is as tall as Tom. 张红和汤姆一样高。 (2)Comparatives修饰比较级有much, a lot, a little, a bit, even, far常用结构：形容词比较级+than.。than一词是比较级的标志。,China is much bigger than Japan.中国比日本大很多。He is taller than I.他比我高。 比较级+and+比较级“越
46、来越”Its darker and darker.天越来越黑了。 The+比较级., the+比较.“越就越”The more you exercise, the better you are.锻炼越多，身体越好。,构成的不规则变化:,构成的规则变化 a. 单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾后加-er 构成比较级或-est构成最高级：calm, cool, cheap,few, high, light, quick, quiet, short, small, tall, thick, warm, wild,b. 以字母e结尾的词只加r或-st构成比较级和最高级：close, cute, late
47、, safe, white,c. 重读闭音节词末尾只有一个辅音字母时, 先双写这个辅音字母, 再加-er或-est：fat, hot, red, sad,d. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先改y为i, 再加-er或-est：busy, dirty, early, dry, heavy, healthy, hungry, lazy, pretty, tidy, ugly,e. 少数以er,ow 结尾的双音节词加-er, -est：low,f. 多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more或most：beautiful, careful, comfortable, creative, expensive, dangerous, difficult, easily, friendly, fluently, modern, popular, quickly, slowly, useful*少数单音节词也是这样，如pleased, tired。,
