1、12012 年中考英语语法复习-非谓语动词考点提示1. 非谓语动词，即不能在句子中单独作谓语的动词，包括：不定式，动名词等。2. 非谓语动词是中考必考点，主要涉及：不定式作主语，定语，宾语，状语，宾语补足语；动名词作主语，宾语；3. 常见考试题型：词形转换，动词填空和选择填空；考点详解1. 不定式：在中考复习时要侧重不定式作宾语，宾语补足语的用法。作主语：掌握 it 在下列结构中做形式主语的用法，句中真正的主语是不定式It+be+形容词+(for/of sb.)+to do sth.It takes(took)sb. Some time to do sth.做定语: 不定式做定语只能置于所修饰
2、的名词或代词之后,在含有下列动词的句式中常出现不定式做定语的情况:I find（want，have，get）something to do （something 都是后置定语不定式 do 的宾语）作宾语（中考复习重点）复习时应注意以下 3 种情况：在下列常用动词之后， 只能跟不定式 作宾语。Want,/ hope,/ wish, /decide, /would like,/ learn, /refuse,/ plan,/ agree, 下列动词之后，常出现带疑问词的不定式：和疑问词 what, who, which, how, when, where 等连用。tell， / show，/tea
3、ch，/decide，/discuss，/learn，/know注意：动词 find，think 之后如有不定式作宾语，要用 it 作形式宾语，不定式后置I find/think it +形容词 +to do sth （it=to do sth ）作宾语补足语（中考复习重点）某些常用动词要求带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语want，/ wish ， /invite，/get，/order，/tell，/ask，感官动词和部分使役动词之后要求不带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语feel,/ listen to / hear,/ watch,/ notice,/ look at,/ see, let(让
4、 ) /make (使)，/have(让)宾语补足语的否定式：在带 to 的不定式之前加 not；不带 to 的前加 not；tell sb.not to do sth make sb.not do sth注意：help 之后不定式作宾语补足语时带不带 to 都可以;help sb.(to) do sth.感官动词和部分使役动词之后接不带 to 的不定式,变为被动语态时要带 toeg: She is often made to do her homework作状语：注意以下几种情况：作结果状语：too+ 形容词（副词） +to do sth形容词（副词）+enough to do sth作目的
5、状语：in order to do sth作原因状语：常出现在主系表结构形容词表语之后；be+形容词(glad,happy,sorry,pleased,surprised 等 )+to do sth课本中出现的其他动词不定式的习惯表达：Its best/better(for sb.)to do sth. 1Something/nothing to do need to do sth.2 3Hope to do sth. Its easy/hard to say/to do4 5Theres no time to do sth. Have quite a lot of work to do6 7
6、2Begin/start to do love to do8 9Its time (for sb.)to do do/try ones best to do10 11Learn to do/teach (sb.)to do get/be ready to do12 13Its very kind/nice of you to do14Take turns to do/be ones turn to do15Choose to do agree to do 16 17Wait (for sb.)to do cant wait to do 18 19Be able to do go on to d
7、o 20 21Use sth to do send for sb.to do22 23It seems to do/be be surprised to do 24 25Be the first/second to do Prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.26 27动名词:动名词做动词宾语的用法，有以下几种情况：下列常用动词(组)之后只能跟动名词作宾语。(keep/enjoy/finish/mind/ practice/ hate/ allow/ escape)+doing(feel like/ give up/ cant help/ be worth/
8、be busy)+doing介词，包括与动词构成固定搭配的介词之后要跟动名词 carry on doing sth, / thank sb. for doing spend(in) doing sth /have fun (in) doing sthstopfrom doing sth.动名词作主语。Doing sth.is +形容词Playing basketball is good for your health.常用动词后接不定式和动名词作宾语意义有区别：like to do sth.(一次性行为)like doing sth (习惯性行为)Stop to do sth.停下手中事，去做
9、另一件事Stop doing sth.停止正在做的事Try to do sth.设法努力去做某事Try doing sth.尝试做某事See/hear sb.do sth.看/听到某人干过了某事See/hear sb.doing sth. 看/听到某人正在干某事课本中出现的其他动名词习惯表达1go+doing 去做事go shopping/swimming/fishing/boating/hiking/skating/surfinggo water-skiing(去划水) go scuba diving(去潜水)2do +some/much+doing 做一些/ 大量的事do some sho
10、pping/cleaning/reading/washing/cooking/walking3含动名词的名词短语: standing room 立足之地reading room 阅览室 sitting room 起居室waiting room 候诊室,等候室 sleeping car 卧铺车厢Remember to do sth.记住去做某事（动作尚未发生）Remember doing sth.记起过去做过Forget to do sth.忘记去做某事Forget doing sth.忘记过去曾经作过某事3shopping list 购物单 shopping basket 购物蓝startin
11、g line 起点线 finishing line 终点线writing brush 毛笔 Tree Planting Day 植树节4 stop sb./sth.(from) doing sth 阻止某人/ 物做某事Prevent sb./sth.(from) doing sth 阻止/防止某人/物做某事Keep sb./sth.from doing sth 阻止/防止某人/ 物做某事注意:三条短语中,前两条中 from 可省去,而第三条不能省,因为:keep sb./sth doing sth 保持某人/ 物做某事5 have some difficulty(in)doing sth.在做
12、某事中有困难have some problems(in)doing sth 在做某事中有问题have fun(in) doing sth 在做某事中过得愉快 spend(时间/ 金钱) (in) doing sth 在做某事上花费时间 /金钱6 go on doing / what/how about doing / prefer sth. to doingbe good at doing / instead of doing / find sb. doingkeep(sb.)doing /keep on doing / mind doingthere is sb.doing sth / fe
13、el like doing Its nice talking to you / get/be used for doingBe /become interested in doing sth. d 附：动词原形 do 的用法： why not do? why dont you do you/he/we/theyd better (not) do (youd=you had)let/make/have sb.(not) do sth.（使役动词）will/would you please (not)do sth.) must/mustnt/can/cant/may/could/need(not)
14、do ( 情态动词)see/hear/watch/feel sb. do (感官动词 )look at sb. do (感官动词)listen to sb. do ( 感官动词) 10祈使句11help sb. do仿真训练：用所给动词的适当形式填空1. After two hours discussion, the manager decide (end) the meeting.2. There are so many unusual things in the museum, its worth again(visit)3. It is not easy (learn)a foreign
15、 language4. We are glad (see) you again.5. We say him (play) football outside.6. He spends much time (read) story-book.7. We enjoy (read) books in our spare time.8. (read) in bed is bad for your eyes.9. Life is long if you know how (use)10. Are you interested in (collect) stamps?11. Do you enjoy (li
16、ve) in China?12. Jim asked me (help) him with his lessons.13. He wants (borrow) a book from the school library.14. Youd better (not be) late for the meeting next time.15. He went to bed after he finished (write)the letter.16. The wife told her husband (drive) too fast.417. Its best (wear) warm cloth
17、es in winter.18. “ (open)your books and turn to Page 5 ,please” the teacher said. 19. Walk along this road, and take the first (turn)on the right.20. Look at the boys, they are busy the young tree to the top the stick(tie)21. Id like (have) a glass of water, please?22. Everything begins (grow) in sp
18、ring.23. I have quite a lot of homework (do).24. Dont forget (tell) him about this.25. The boy is too young (go) to school;.26. Why not (come) to work a little early?27. They went (fish) the day before yesterday.28. I do some (wash) every Sunday.29. If the population keeps growing so fast, there wil
19、l be only room on the earth(stand)30. When did you learn (skate)?31. Would you like me you move that desk?(help)32. What about (go) out for a swim?33. Its time for class. Please stop (talk).34. Lets (play) games, shall we?35. Its time (have) supper.36. Thank you very much for (teach)us so well.37 .D
20、id they have a school (meet) yesterday?38. I hope (be) a scientist when I grow up.39. Some of the questions are hard (answer).40. Robinson was ready (cross) the sea.41. Itll take you twenty minutes (go)there by bike.42. Im very pleased (see)you again.43. Would you like something (drink)?44. What mak
21、es you (think)I am a doctor?45. Her brother gave her a (shop) basket.46. Im sorry (keep) you (wait) so long.47. Does she like (sing) after class.48. It was nice (talk) to you.49. Would you please (go)there with me?50. Its dangerous (play) in the street.用所给动词的适当的形式填空-参考答案：1.to end 2.visiting 3.to lea
22、rn 4.to see 5.playing6.reading 7.reading 8.Reading 9.to use 10.collecting11.living 12.to help 13.to borrow 14.not be 15.writing16.not to drive 17.to wear 18.Open 19.turning520.tying 21.to have 22.to grow 23.to do 24.to tell25.to go e 27.fishing 28.washing 29.standing 30.to skate 31.to help 32.going 33.talking 34.play 35.to have 36 teaching 37.meeting 38.to be 39.to answer 40.to cross 41.to go 42.to see43.to drink 44.think 45.shopping 46.to keep; waiting47.singing 48.talking 49.go 50.to playing
