1、定语从句语法笔记,无逗号即限,有逗号非限 关系所用词 （who;whom;whose;which;that） 随着先行变 (先行：即被从句修饰的指人或物的 词是先行词 ) 限定先(行)指人 who; whom要当先, that紧跟前eg: We know the students (who/that are very naughty in our school). 限定先(行)指物 which; that两出现 eg: The jacket (which/that is hanging on the wall) is mine.,缺定用whose eg: This is the girl (w
2、hose family is in the northeast.) 缺主用who; that eg: All architect is a person (who/that) designs house and buidings. Which把物接 eg:Please bring back the dictionary (which/that) I lent you last week. 缺宾找who;whom;that who可把whom替 ，缺宾关代常省略 eg:The doctor (who/whom/that)we are talking about can speak French.
3、 eg:The person (whom/who) I spoke to just now is our teacher 。,若前有介词 只许which;whom接，并且不省略。 eg:The teacher for whom you are waiting is coming. eg: This is the book to which I referred in my talk. 非限先(行)指人 who;whom两可兼， that滚一边 eg:His father , whom he loved dearly , died last year. eg:He has a sister ,
4、who works in Shanghai is called Liping. 非限先(行)指物 which独得天 eg: I have read the book A Tale of Two Cities , which was written by Charles Dickens.,定从有特殊 自有解决点 先行表时间 用when来当填 eg.He came last night when I was out 先行表地点 where字必须选 eg.The place where I met her was railway station 先行是reason 用why合因原 eg.The re
5、ason why he didnt go to school yesterday is that he was very sick 先行way表“方式”置前 that/in which或不填 eg.This is the way he worked out the problem.从句缺少的是主语、宾语还是状语是确定用关系代词还是关系副词的关键。也就是说要看先行词在定语从句中担任什么成分,定语从句特殊用法归纳,as引导的非限制性定语从句 1) 位置灵活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末； 2) 先行词不可是一个词，必须是整个主句或主句的部分内容； 3) 表“正如、像”，表依据/评论/态度/看法）
6、等； 常见结构： as we all know; as we expected as everyone knows, as everyone can see as is known to all; 特殊： 限制性定从中先行词被so, such 修饰，关代用as,定语从句特殊用法归纳,as引导的非限制性定语从句 1) 位置灵活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末； 2) 先行词不可是一个词，必须是整个主句或主句的部分内容； 3) 表“正如、像”，表依据/评论/态度/看法）等； 常见结构： as we all know; as we expected; as is reported as everyo
7、ne knows; as everyone can see as is known to all; as is often the case (with )特殊： as在限制性定从中，先行词被so, such,the same 修饰，关代用as,定语从句特殊用法归纳,which引导非限制性定语从句 1) 只能置于句中或句末（即不可置于句首，只能置于先行词之后）； 2) 先行词即可是一个词，也可是整个主句或主句的部分内容；是整个主句时，从句谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 3) 有“这、这一点”等意思，表事实、状态、起因、转折、让步等；,必须用which引导的定语从句,1）用“介which”结构 2
8、) 用“n./pron./num./adj比较或最高级 + prep.+ which/whom”结构，表示先行词的一部分 eg: There are 50 boys here, 30 of whom are students. 3) 先行词是独一无二的事物或是专有名词时。 4) 先行词被物主代词和指示代词修饰时 5) 在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which。 6) 当关系代词后面有插入语时 7)先行词为that时,必须用that引导的定语从句,1）当先行词是all, little, few, much, something, everythi
9、ng, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时。 2) 当先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, just, very（恰好的,表示强调）等词修饰时 3) 当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 被修饰词为数词时 主句是There be结构，修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that作关系代词修饰物。 先行词中同时包括人和物时 当主句中有who, which时，而定语从句中也要用到who或which时，为了避免whowho, whichwhich等重叠，定语从句要用that引导。 人或物在定语从句中表语时，用that引导定
10、语从句，而that通常也可以省略,修饰人时只用who不用that的情况,1.先行词为one, ones, anyone, those指代人时。如： The person I want to learn from is one who studied hard and works well.我最羡慕的是学习勤奋，工作出色的人。 2. 在There be结构中，修饰主语的定语从句宜用 who关系代词指代人。例如：Theres a gentleman who wants to see you.有位先生想见你 3.一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that, 另一个宜用who以避免重复。,
