1、共 96 页,1,必修4 Unit 2 Working the land,共 96 页,2,要 点 梳 理 高效梳理知识备考,重点单词 1struggle vt. & vi.斗争；拼搏；努力 2output n产量；输出 3hunger n饥饿；欲望hungry adj.饥饿的；有欲望的 4expand vt. & vi.使变大；伸展；阐述expansion n扩大；增加,共 96 页,3,5circulate vt. & vi.循环；流传circulation n循环流通 6battle n战役；战斗；较量；斗争vt. & vi.搏斗；奋斗 7therefore adv.因此；所以；因而 8
2、equip vt. & vi.配备；装备equipment n设备(不可数) 9export vt. & vi.输出；出口import vt. & vi.输入；入口；进口 10nationality n国籍nation n国家；民族national adj.国家的；国有的,共 96 页,4,11occupation n工作；职业；占领occupy vt.占领 12confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难confusing adj.令人迷惑的confused adj.感到迷惑的confusion n迷惑 13regret vt.遗憾；惋惜 n遗憾；懊悔regretful adj.后悔的 14chem
3、ical adj.化学的；关于化学的chemistry n化学chemist n化学家；药剂师 15bacteria n(bacterium的复数形式)细菌,共 96 页,5,16reduce vt.减少；缩减；简化reduction n缩小；减少 17summary n总结；摘要；概要summarize vt.总结 18comment n评论；议论 vi. & vt.表达意见；作出评论,共 96 页,6,重点短语 1thanks to幸亏；由于 2rid.of 摆脱；除去 3be satisfied with 对感到满意 4would rather 宁愿；宁可 5build up 逐渐增强；
4、建立；开发 6lead to 导致；造成 7focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于,共 96 页,7,8keep.free from/of 使免受(影响、伤害等)； 使不含(有害物) 9make a difference 造成差异，很重要 10keep in mind 牢记在心 11cause damage to 对造成危害 12in addition 再者，还有 13turn to 转向,共 96 页,8,重点句型 1Dr. Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。 2Thi
5、s special strain of rice makes it possible to produce onethird more of the crop in the same fields. 这种特别的稻种使得同样的田地多收获1/3的产量。,共 96 页,9,3Using his hybrid rices, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before. 用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出比以前多一倍的粮食。 4He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. 他宁愿把时间花在自
6、己的爱好上。,共 96 页,10,考 点 探 究 互动探究能力备考,.词汇短语过关,1struggle vt. 搏斗；斗争；努力；挣扎 n斗争；挣扎 struggle with/against 与搏斗/斗争 struggle for sth./to do sth. 努力/争取 struggle through 奋力通过 struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来 struggle on/along (虽艰难仍)继续做某事 with a struggle 费劲地,共 96 页,11,即学即练1(1)They had to _ _ their lives _ weather and
7、wild animals. 为了生存他们必须与天气和野兽抗争。 (2)They had to _ _ all kinds of difficulties. 他们得和各样的困难作斗争。 (3)She _ _ _ _ _ her attacker.她挣扎着想摆脱那个袭击她的人。,struggle,for,against,struggle,with / against,struggled,to,get,away,from,共 96 页,12,(4)_ _ _ _， the old woman gained control of her business. 经过长期努力，这位老妇人在业务上已能应付自如
8、。,After,a,long,struggle,共 96 页,13,2expand vt.&vi. 使变大；伸展；阐述 expansion n. 扩张；膨胀；扩大；发展 expansive adj. 扩张性的；开展性的；广阔的 expand into/to 使扩大，变大 expand on/upon 阐述，详谈,共 96 页,14,即学即练2(1)Metals _ when they are heated. 金属受热会膨胀。 (2)Weve _ _ _ by opening two more stores. 我们增开了两个商店以扩展业务。 (3)I repeated the question
9、and waited for her to _. 我把问题重复了一遍，等着她进行充分阐述。,expand,expanded,the,business,expand,共 96 页,15,3. therefore adv.(as a result of that)因此；所以,共 96 页,16,即学即练3He was very tired and _ he fell sound asleep. He was very tired. _ he fell sound asleep. He was very tired, _ he fell sound asleep. 他累得很，因此睡得很熟。,ther
10、efore,Therefore,so,共 96 页,17,提示：therefore 是副词，不能引导从句，两个句子之间要用连词或者分号；而 so是连词，可接从句。,共 96 页,18,4equip vt.&vi. 配备；装备 equipment n. U装备；设备 equip sb./sth. with sth. 用某物装备某人/物 equip sb./sth. for (doing) sth. 为(做)某事而准备 sb. be equipped to do sth. 某人有准备做某事 equip sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事 be equipped with sth. 装备
11、有某物 a piece of equipment 一件设备,共 96 页,19,即学即练4(1)Our classroom _ _ _ a TV set and a tape recorder. 我们的教室里配有一台电视和一台录音机。 (2)A good education should _ _ _ _.良好的教育能使你受用终生。 (3)Our school has been given _ _ _. 我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。,is,equipped,with,equip,you,for,life,some,new,equipment,共 96 页,20,5regret v&n. 遗憾；
12、后悔；惋惜 refuse with much regret (many regrets) 婉言拒绝 to ones regret 令人遗憾的是 feel regretful for对感到后悔 express regret for/at/over sth. 对表示遗憾 regretn./pron./doing/having done 后悔做某事 regretthatclause 后悔，遗憾 regret to say/tell/inform. 很抱歉地说/告诉/通知 Its much to be regretted that. 令人遗憾的是,共 96 页,21,即学即练5(1)He regret
13、ted _ _ careless. He regretted _ _ _ _ careless. 他对于自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。 (2)I regret _ _ you that we are unable to offer you employment. 我遗憾地通知你，我们不能雇用你。 (3)_ _ _ _， I must leave now. 令我很遗憾的是，我现在必须离开了。 (4)We heard _ _ that you were not successful in your plan. 听到你的计划不能顺利进行，我们觉得很可惜。,having,been,that,he,had,b
14、een,to,inform,Much,to,my,regret,with,regret,共 96 页,22,6focus n(兴趣、活动等的)中心；焦点 v(使)集中，聚集；(使)聚焦 be in focus 焦距对准；清晰 be out of focus 焦距没对准；模糊 bring sth. into focus 把某物集中在焦点上 focus sth. on (upon) sth.fix.on. 使集中于 be focused on/upon sth.be fixed on 集中于,共 96 页,23,即学即练6(1)The _ _ my camera isnt working prop
15、erly. 我照相机上的调焦装置有毛病。 (2)Her beauty makes her _ _ _ _. 她长得漂亮，很惹人注意。 (3)We should _ _ _ _ our study. 我们应该把注意力放在学习上。 (4)She felt all the eyes _ _ _ her. 她觉得所有人都在注视着她。,focus,on,the,focus,of,attention,focus,our,attention,on,were,focused,on,共 96 页,24,7reduce vt. 减少；缩减；简化 reduce ones expenditure 减少某人的开支 be
16、 reduced to despair 陷入绝望 reduce to. 降至 reduce by. 减少了,共 96 页,25,即学即练7(1)He persuaded them to _ the price _ $1 000. 他设法使他们的价格降到1 000美元。 (2)Production costs have _ _ _ one third. 生产成本下降了1/3。 (3)The fire _ the forest _ a few trees. 大火把森林烧得仅剩下几棵树了。,reduce,to,been,reduced,by,reduced,to,共 96 页,26,8comment
17、 vt.评论 n评论，意见，议论 ask for comment 征求意见 make comments on sth.评论某事 No comment. 无可奉告。 Without comment. 不必多说。 comment(v.)on/ upon sth.评论，对发表意见 comment(v.)thatclause评论,共 96 页,27,即学即练8(1)Have you any _ _ the proposals？你对这些建议有什么意见吗？ (2)It created _ _ in the press. 这引起报界广泛的评论。 (3)He made some useful _ _ my w
18、ork. 他对我的作品作了一些实用的评论。 (4)He _ that it was an excellent film. 他评论这部电影很精彩。,comments,on,wide,comment,comments,on,commented,共 96 页,28,9thanks to 由于；多亏(介词短语，在句中做原因状语，常置于句首或句末) because of 因为；由于 owing to 由于，因之缘故 as a result of 作为的结果，由于 due to 因为，由于(不能放在句首) on account of 由于；因为,共 96 页,29,即学即练9(1)_ _ Jims war
19、ning, we avoided the accident. 多亏吉姆的提醒，我们避免了一场事故。 (2)I couldnt attend the meeting _ _ illness. 我因病不能出席会议。 (3)The delay was _ _ power failure. 延滞是由于停电。,Thanks,to,owing,to,due,to,共 96 页,30,10rid sb./oneself/sth. of sth. 使摆脱 be/get rid of 去掉，摆脱；抛弃 remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事 inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 be
20、free of. 摆脱,共 96 页,31,即学即练10(1)One day we will manage to _ _ _ _ this terrible disease. 总有一天我们有办法使这种可怕的疾病在世界上绝迹。 (2)You must _ _ _ these oldfashioned ideas.你必须摒弃这些陈旧观念。 (3)Well have to _ _ _ him. 我们必须摆脱他。 (4)How can we _ _ _ all the flies in the kitchen? 我们怎样才能把厨房内的苍蝇统统消灭掉？,rid,the,world,of,rid,your
21、self,of,get,rid,of,get,rid,of,共 96 页,32,11be satisfied with 对感到满意 be satisfied that. 满意 be satisfied to do 乐意干 satisfy vt.满意；使满意 satisfied adj. 感到满意的 satisfying adj. 令人满意的 satisfactory adj. 令人满意的 satisfaction n. 满意，满足,共 96 页,33,即学即练11(1)I _ the result. 我对那个结果很满意。 (2)My parents try to _. 我父母尽量满足我的需求。
22、 (3)There was _ on his face. 他脸上露出了满意的微笑。 (4)_，my boss agreed to my suggestion. 很使我满意的是，老板同意了我的建议。,was satisfied with,satisfy my needs,a satisfied look,Much to my satisfaction,共 96 页,34,12lead to 通向，导致，致使 leadn.to sth. 引导到 lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事,共 96 页,35,即学即练12(1)The bank has offered a reward f
23、or any information _ the arrest of the men. 银行悬赏任何能将这些人绳之以法的情报。 (2)What _ acting as a career？是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的？,leading to,led you to take up,共 96 页,36,提示：(1)lead to中的 to为介词，后面跟代词、名词或动名词。类似的词组还有：devote to 致力于/pay attention to 对加以注意/object to 反对/stick to 坚持/look forward to 期望，等等。 (2)lead to 不用被动语态。 (3)l
24、ead to 是前因后果，而 lie in (result from) 是前果后因。,共 96 页,37,13keep.free from/of 使免受(影响、伤害等) 使不含(有害物) free from 没有，免于，无之忧 free of 无的；免于的，离开了的 free sb./sth. from. 使某人/某物自由；解放；释放 for freefree of charge 免费地，无偿地 be free to do sth. 自由地做某事 be free with sb. 对某人放肆 free as the air 自由自在 set sb. free 释放某人,共 96 页,38,即学
25、即练13(1)_ the table _ dirt by putting a cover over it. 用个东西把桌子罩住，免得灰尘落在上面。 (2)The lake _ pollution. 这湖没有污染。 (3)The secretary _ all blame for the errors.这些失误完全不能怪秘书。 (4)Try to _ all prejudices. 尽量消除一切偏见。,Keep,free from,is free of,was free from,free yourself from,共 96 页,39,.重点句型详解,1Dr Yuan Longping gro
26、ws what_is_called_super_hybrid_rice. 袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。,what is called super hybrid rice用做grows的宾语从句，为一名词性从句，也可称为whatclause；而且what在从句中可用做主语、宾语或者表语。此从句在结构上相当于“the名词定语从句”。,共 96 页,40,After a hard time they came to what is called America today.艰难的努力后他们来到了现在称作美洲的地方。 We now live in what is called th
27、e Information Age. 我们现在生活在所谓的信息时代。 He graduated from what was called a key high school. 他毕业于一所所谓的重点高中。,共 96 页,41,即境活用1 (1)(2008浙江卷)Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from _ their parents speak at home. Awhat Bthat Cwhich Done,答案：A,解析：句意：一些孩子想学习一门不同于家中父母所讲的语言来
28、挑战自我。what引导名词性从句，在句中做from的宾语。,共 96 页,42,(2)A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. Awhat Bwhich Cthat Dwhere,答案：A,解析：该句意为：一座现代化的城市在十年前是一片废墟的地方建立起来。,共 96 页,43,2He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. 他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。 (1)would rather 意为“宁愿，更愿意”，后接动词原形，否定式是在 would rathe
29、r 后加 not/never。 Shall we dine out? Id rather stay at home. 我们要不要出去吃饭？ 我宁愿留在家里。,共 96 页,44,Id rather not tell anybody about it. 我不愿把这事告诉任何人。 (2)would rather do sth. than do sth./would do sth. rather than do sth. 意为“宁愿做某事而不去做某事”。 I would rather listen to others than talk myself. 我愿意听别人说，自己不愿意说。 He woul
30、d rather die than give in. 他宁死不屈。,共 96 页,45,(3)would rather have done sth. 意为“要是做过某事就好了；宁愿做过某事”，表示后悔或遗憾等语气。 I would rather have taken his advice yesterday. 我昨日要是听了他的建议就好了。 (4)would rather 后接 that从句时，从句中的谓语动词用过去时态虚拟语气。 I would rather (that) he didnt come. 我宁愿他没来。 Id rather you told me the truth. 我更愿意
31、你给我讲实话。,共 96 页,46,即境活用2 (1)Would you mind my using your computer for a little while? _. ANo, please dont BId rather you didnt CIm afraid not DSure, its my pleasure,答案：B,解析：考查交际用语。Id rather you didnt. 常用来委婉拒绝别人的请求。,共 96 页,47,(2)I would rather _ the football match last night with my friends; otherwise
32、, I would have finished my paperwork by now. Anot have watched Bnot watch Chadnt watched Dhavent watched,答案：A,解析：考查 would rather (not)have done 意为“宁愿(未)做过某事”，表示后悔或遗憾。,共 96 页,48,易 错 点 拨 自我完善误区备考,1.expand/extend/spread/stretch (1)expand“展开，扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。 (2)extend “伸出，延伸”，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、宽度的朝
33、外延伸，也可指时间的延长。 (3)spread“伸开，传播”，一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播(疾病)，散布(信息)等。,共 96 页,49,(4)stretch“伸展，拉长”，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长。,共 96 页,50,应用1 (1)The cat _ out in front of the fire.猫在火炉前伸开四肢。 (2)The hot weather _ to October.炎热的天气一直持续到十月份。 (3)As children grow older they _ their interests and become more confident.
34、随着年龄的增长，孩子们的兴趣会变广泛，人也会变得更自信。,stretched,extended,expand,共 96 页,51,(4)The fire soon _ to the nearby buildings. 火势不久就蔓延到邻近的建筑。,spread,共 96 页,52,2. would rather的用法,应用2 (1)Did you say anything at the meeting? Yes, but _ it. AId rather not do BId rather not doing CId rather not have done DId rather not di
35、d,答案：C,共 96 页,53,解析：would rather not have done，表示“宁愿没有做，而实际上做了”。,共 96 页,54,(2)Would you rather _ there tomorrow? No. Id rather he _ there instead of me. Ato go; will go Bgo; went Cgo; will go Dgoing; shall go,答案：B,解析：Would you rather do sth.？“你愿意做吗？”因此第一个空要用动词原形；第二个空要用虚拟语气，即would rather sb. did sth.
36、“宁愿别人做”。,共 96 页,55,(3)Will you join us in playing cards? Thank you, but _ at the moment. AId like to not BIm afraid so CId rather not DId better not to,答案：C,解析：A项中的not要放在to前才对；B项中的so要改为I cant才对；D项中的to应去掉才对。,共 96 页,56,(4)The final exam is coming. Would you mind my staying up late, going over my lesso
37、ns? Id rather you _. With the light on, I cant fall asleep. Adont Bdidnt Cwont Dhavent,答案：B,解析：“would rather从句”时，从句的谓语动词用过去时，选B。,共 96 页,57,.单词拼写 1They asked so many questions that I got c_. 2Metals e_ when they are heated. 3The people there are fighting to gain their f_ from foreign control. 4We are
38、 not doing a c_ experiment but a physical one. 5India e_ tea and cotton to many different countries.,confused,expand,freedom,chemical,exports,共 96 页,58,6Now, people in the south grow a lot of rice that has a high _ (产量) 7This kind of food contains all the _ (营养) our body needs. 8People in the area w
39、ere ground down by _ (饥饿) and poverty. 9They have sold up ten bottles of _ (矿泉) water in the afternoon. 10We should make a _(总结) of the results of the exam briefly.,output,nutrition,hunger,mineral,summary,共 96 页,59,1(2010华师大附中)How long have these archaeologists stayed in this village? Not long, just
40、 _ this Monday. Aon Buntil Cafter Dsince 答案：D 解析：考查介词。依据问句可知是现在完成时，而A、B、C三个选项都不能与现在完成时连用，只有since与过去时间点连用时用现在完成时，故D正确。,共 96 页,60,2The policemans _ traffic directions made all the drivers quite _. Aconfused; confused Bconfusing; confusing Cconfusing; confused Dconfused; confusing 答案：C 解析：confusing “令人
41、迷惑的”，多修饰物；confused “感到迷惑的”，多修饰人。,共 96 页,61,3Robert is indeed a wise man. Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ his advice! Ato take Btaking Cnot to take Dnot taking 答案：D 解析：考查regret 的用法。 regret to do 遗憾要做某事，regret doing 后悔做了某事。题意为“我经常后悔没有听取他的建议”。,共 96 页,62,4If I ruled the world I would _ the world _
42、 wars, killers and everything else that is bad. Aget rid of; by Bbe rid of; by Crid; of Dget rid; of 答案：C 解析：考查 rid.of.“使摆脱”。,共 96 页,63,5(2010安徽皖南八校二联)One primary goal of UNESCO is to _ modern knowledge society in which all people can participate in information and knowledge. Amake up Bpolish up Cbu
43、ild up Dtake up 答案：C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。build up建立；take up从事；polish up改善，润色；make up弥补，虚构，整理，和解，化妆。句意：建立现代化的知识社会，让所有的人都能参与信息与知识，是联合国教科文组织的主要目标之一。,共 96 页,64,6Through determination, she had learned to read and write and _ to become part of the leadership of the village. Aappeared Bstruggled Chesitated Dfailed
44、 答案：B 解析：struggle to do sth. 意为“努力做某事”。,共 96 页,65,7(2010南昌二中)On the bank of the river, we found him _ on a beach, with his eyes _ on a kite in the sky. Aseated; fixing Bsitting; fixing Cseated; being fixed Dsitting; fixed 答案：D 解析：考查非谓语动词。第一空用seated或sitting作宾补，第二空是with复合结构，由fix ones eyes on sth可知应用过去
45、分词fixed。,共 96 页,66,8How does Alma like her new job? She _ with the hours. Acant satisfy Bisnt satisfied Cdoesnt satisfy Dhasnt satisfied 答案：B 解析：be satisfied with 对感到满意。satisfy vt. “使满意”，主语是物，宾语是人。,共 96 页,67,9(2010山西太原五中)The falling of the new building _ its soft base. Aresulted in Bsuffered from Cled to Dlay in 答案：D 解析：考查短语辨析。语意：新楼的倒塌在于根基不牢。此处lie in表示“(原因)在于”。A项与C项的意思基本相同，表示“导致”，B项表示“遭受”，都不符合语意。,
