1、 90 100 18 3 54 1. 25 101 kPa 1 g C 8 H 18 48.40 kJ ( ) A.C 8 H 18(l)+ 2 25O 2 (g) 8CO 2 (g)+9H 2 O(g) H=-48.40 kJ mol -1B.C 8 H 18(l)+ 2 25O 2 (g) 8CO 2 (g)+9H 2 O(l) H=-5 518 kJ mol -1C.C 8 H 18(l)+ 2 25O 2 (g) 8CO 2 (g)+9H 2 O H=+5 518 kJ mol -1D.C 8 H 18(l)+ 2 25O 2 (g) 8CO 2 (g)+9H 2 O(l) H=-
2、48.40 kJ mol -1 B 25 101 kPa 1 mol C 8 H 18 CO 2 g kJ 1 40 . 48 114 g=5 518 kJ A H 2 O A H0 Ha ( ) A.NaOH B.H 2 SO 4 C.AgNO 3 D.Na 2 SO 4 A NaOH H 2 SO 4 Na 2 SO 4 NaOH c (OH - ) pH A AgNO 3 Ag HNO 3 pH 14. ( ) A. pH B. OH - pH C. 1:2 D. 1:1 D H 2 SO 4 pH NaOH OH - H + NaOH pH Na 2 SO 4 4OH - -4e
3、- =2H 2 O+O 2 2H + +2e - =H 2 H 2 O 2 2:1 CuCl 2 Cu 2+ +2e - =Cu 2Cl - -2e - =Cl 2 Cu Cl 2 1:1 15. x ( ) A.E B.E C.F D.F D CuSO 4 2CuSO 4 +2H 2 O 2Cu +O 2 +2H 2 SO 4 2CuSO 4 2H 2 O2CuO 2 2H 2 SO 4 4e - D 16. CuSO 4 KNO 3 500 mL 11.2 L CuSO 4 ( ) A.0.5 mol L -1B.0.8 mol L -1C.1.0 mol L -1D.1.5 mol L
4、-1 C 4OH - -4e - =2H 2 O+O 2 n (O 2 ) 4= mol L L / 4 . 22 2 . 11 4=2 mol Cu 2+ +2e - =Cu 2H + +2e - =H 2 n (Cu 2+ ) 2+n (H 2 ) 2=n (Cu 2+ ) 2+ mol L L / 4 . 22 2 . 11 2 2 mol=n (Cu 2+ ) 2+ mol L L / 4 . 22 2 . 11 2 n (Cu 2+ )=0.5 mol n (CuSO 4 )= n (Cu 2+ )=0.5 mol = L mol 3 10 500 5 . 0 =1.0 mol
5、L -1 17.X Y Z W X Y X Z W W Z X Z Z W Y W ( ) A.XZWY B.ZXYW C.WXYZ D.YWZX A X Y X XY;Z W W Z ZW X Z Z XZ;W Y W WY XZWY 18. Cl 2 2NaCl+2H 2 O 2NaOH+H 2 +Cl 2 Pb+SO 2- 4 -2e - =PbSO 4 PbO 2 +4H + +SO 2- 4 +2e - =PbSO 4 +2H 2 O 0.050molCl 2 H 2 SO 4 ( ) A.0.25 mol B.0.050 mol C.0.10 mol D.0.20 mol C H
6、2 SO 4 Pb+PbO 2 +2H 2 SO 4 =2PbSO 4 +2H 2 O Cl 2 1molCl 2 2 mol 0.05mol 2=0.10mol, 0.10mol H 2 SO 40.10 mol 46 19. (6 ) 1 5.7 g C 8 H 18 114 CO 2 275.9 kJ 2 21 2H 2 g +O 2 (g)=2H 2 O(g) H=-483.6 kJ mol -1H 2 O l =H 2 O(g) H=+44 kJ mol -1 857.4 kJ 1 5 518 kJ mol -1 2 2H 2 (g)+O 2 (g)=2H 2 O(l) H=-571
7、.6 kJ mol -1 6 g 67.2 L 1 n (C 8 H 18 )= 1 114 7 . 5 mol g g=0.05 mol 1 molC 8 H 18 mol kJ 05 . 0 9 . 275 =5 518 kJ mol -1 5 518 kJ mol -1 2 2H 2 g +O 2 (g) kJ 483.6 2H 2 O(g) 2 kJ 44 2H 2 O(l) 2 mol H 2 O(l) 483.6 kJ+44 kJ 2=571.6 kJ 2H 2 g +O 2 (g)=2H 2 O(l) H=-571.6 kJ mol -1 2 mol H 2 H 2 O(l)
8、 571.6 kJ 857.4 kJ n (H 2 )= kJ kJ 6 . 571 4 . 857 2 mol=3 mol m (H 2 )=3 mol 2 g mol -1 =6 g V (H 2 )=3 mol 22.4 L mol -1 =67.2 L 20. 8 1 2 S A 1 2Al+6H + =2Al 3+ +3H 2 2 S A 21. (6 ) NO - 3 SO 2- 4 H + Cu 2+ Ba 2+ Ag + Cl - 1 H 2 O 2 2 O 2 3 1:1 1 H 2 SO 4 HNO 3 Ba(NO 3 ) 2 Ba(OH)2 2 AgNO 3 Cu(NO
9、3 ) 2 CuSO 4 3 HCl BaCl 222. (10 ) Pb+PbO 2 +4H + +2SO 2- 4 2PbSO 4 +2H 2 O 1 H 2 SO 4 1 mol g 2 PbO 2 Pb A B 1 PbO 2 +2e - +4H + +SO 2- 4 =PbSO 4 +2H 2 O 48 2 Pb PbO 2 PbO 2 +2e - +4H + +SO 2- 4 =PbSO 4 +2H 2 O Pb-2e - +SO 2- 4 =PbSO 4 2 mol 96 g 1 mol m m=48 g PbSO 4- 2e - +2H 2 O=PbO 2 +4H + +SO 2- 4 PbSO 4 +2e - =Pb+SO 2- 4 PbO 2 Pb Pb PbO 2 23. (8 ) 1 2 3 pH A B 1 2Al 2 O 4Al+3O 2 2 2Al+2OH - +2H 2 O=2AlO - 2 +3H 2 3 4OH - -4e - =2H 2 O+O 2 H + OH - B KOH 4OH - -4e - =2H 2 O+O 2 4H 2 O+4e - =4OH - +2H 2 K + K + OH - B KOH 24. (8 ) 20 0.20 mol e - 1 2 3 pH 4 pH 1 Cu 2+ Cu 2+ +2e - =Cu
