1、书面表达专题讲座河西教研室张佩珍,英语课程标准对高中毕业生“写”的要求则更高更具体，其中包括：能比较详细和生动地用英语描述情景、态度和感情；能阐述自己的观点、评述他人的观点，文体得当、用词准确。,近几年的命题特点 (1) 形式多样 (2) 文体丰富 (3) 内容多元 (4) 半开放性和开放性 (5) 高级词汇和复杂结构 (6) 增加书面表达的长度 (7) “能力立意” 、“内容创新”、“用英语解决问题的能力”,一、命题特征总述及测试内容回顾提纲作文、图表作文、看图作文、开放作文记叙文、说明文、应用文、议论文,二、不同情景形式书面表达命题解读及写作 指导(一)提纲式1命题解读提纲式书面表达是以内
2、容要点提示为载体的书面表达形式。,2写作指导(1)研读提示，把握体裁;(2)紧扣主题，组织要点;(3)避免直译，准确表达;(4)适当发挥，自然连贯;,一家宾馆新开业，为吸引外国宾客，希望在互联网上进行宣传，请你用英语为其写一篇文字介绍。主要内容应包括： 1地点：距白山入口处500米； 2房间及价格：单人间（共20间），100元/天；双人间（共15间），150元/天；热水淋浴； 3餐饮：餐厅（中、西餐），咖啡厅（茶、咖啡） 4游泳池：全天免费开放； 5欢迎预定。,Welcome to Baishan Mountain HotelBaishan Mountain Hotel is now open
3、 for business.Our hotel stands 500 meters away from the entrance to Baishan Mountain. It has 20 single rooms and 15 double rooms, all with hot showers. A single room is 100 yuan and a double room 150 yuan for one night. You are advised to book in advance. The hotel serves three meals a day and there
4、 are Chinese food and western food for you to choose from. You can also enjoy yourself at the cafe drinking tea or coffee in the evening. We also have a swimming pool, which is open all day and free of charge.All are welcome!,请根据下面的英文短诗，展开适当的想象，写一篇短文。 标题为：My Teacher Mr. MooreTheres a teacher Mr. Moo
5、re.Who is lovely and thirty-four.Always encouraging us to try.He leads us to a world of “why”.We all admire him more and more. 注意： 1 不得照抄短诗原文。 2 必须结合短诗的内容，发挥想象，适当展开。 3 必须突出短诗的主题，结构完整，语意连贯。 4 短文不能写成诗歌形式。 5 词数：120左右。,Of all my teachers, Mr. Moore is the one who impresses me most. Though he is 34,he lo
6、oks very young for his age. And hes one of the most popular teachers in our school.Compared with other teachers, Mr. Moore pays more attention to his way of teaching. He tries various ways to make his classes lively and interesting. In his opinion, we should not only know “what”, but also understand
7、 “why”. So ,instead of giving us answers immediately ,he encourages us to think by ourselves whenever he puts forward questions. With his help, weve learned how to analyze and settle problem. What a wonderful world of “why” he leads us to!He is such a learned person that we all admire him very much.
8、,(二)图画式1命题解读图画式书面表达是一种以图画为主要载体、附带少量文字提示或说明的书面表达形式。,2写作指导(1)细心观图,理解图意。(2)立足整体,找全要点。(3)详略得当,突出主题。(4)注重关联,行文连贯。,假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华，为响 应绿化祖国的号召，你班四月十二日去郊区植树， 请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍植树活动的全 过程，给某英文杂志的“绿色行动”专栏写一篇以 “Green Action in Our Class”为题的英文稿件。,图形要点化 图1：骑车前往郊区，欢声笑语图2：学生达到郊区，着手活动（挖坑、抬树 苗、种植、浇水）图3：树木种植完毕，立提示语图4
9、：植树活动结束，拍照纪念,要点短语化 图1：went to the suburbs by bike to plant trees; talking and laughing all the way 图2：began to work; dug holes; carried and planted trees; watered them 图3：put up a board reminding people of the protection of the trees 图4：took photos to record our green action,短语句子化 图1：In the morning,
10、 we went to the suburbs to plant trees, talking and laughing all the way. 图2：We began to work immediately. Some were digging holes, some were carrying and planting trees, while others were watering them. 图3：We put up a board reminding people of the protection of the trees. 图4：We took photos to recor
11、d our green action.,句子短文化Green Action in Our ClassApril 12 is memorable because our class had a meaningful experience on that day. In the morning, we bicycled to the suburbs to plant trees, talking and laughing all the way. Upon arrival, we began to work immediately. Some were digging holes. Some we
12、re carrying and planting young trees. Others were watering them. After getting the work done, we put up a board reminding people to protect the trees. Before leaving we took some photos to record our green action. Seeing the lines of trees, we all had a sense of achievement. We feel its our duty to
13、protect and beautify our environment.,请你根据下面一幅图和一首诗，写一篇说明“书的作用的”短文。注意： 可根据小诗的提示适当增加必要的细节，使内容和意思衔接。（字数为100左右）,层层宝库找开来，黑宝纵横一排排。能记诸般悠悠事，不分古今和中外。,As everyone knows, it is very useful and interesting for us to read books. By reading books, we can learn what is going on both at home and abroad. We can als
14、o know what has happened or will happen in the past years and in the future.Books help us to enrich our knowledge. Some useful and helpful books often open our minds and give us new ideas. We understand how to live a happy life and learn newer and better ways of doing things through books. As someon
15、e said, “A good book is just like a good friend.“ There is a proverb which says, “It is never too old to learn!“,随着A/H1N1流感在世界范围内的迅速传播、如何 预防就变得非常重要。请你结合下面图画的内容 为你校英语广播站写一篇广播稿向同学介绍如何 预防A/H1N1流感。,Boys and girls,May I have your attention please? I have something important to announce.With A/H1N1 virus
16、spreading rapidly worldwide, more and more people have been killed. However, if we take some preventive measures, we can avoid being infected. Here are some useful tips for you.,First, we should develop good habits, such as washing our hands before meals and after using the toilet. Second, it is imp
17、ortant for us to keep the windows open to let the fresh air in. Third, wed better take regular exercise to improve our immune system. Fourth, before going to crowded places, we should wear masks to reduce the chance of being infected. Last but not least, we can get vaccinated to prevent A/H1N1 virus
18、 from attacking us.If you follow my advice, Im sure you can keep A/H1N1 virus away and live a healthy life.Thats all. Thank you for listening.,你们班四月二日组织了一次爬香山活动，请根据下 图内容写一篇日记，完整记述当天发生的事情。,Today we went to climb Xiangshan Mountain.Early in the morning we met at the school gate and went there by bus.
19、At nine oclock we arrived at the foot of the mountain and started climbing. The mountain was very high and some of us got tired soon, but all of us were very excited. We cheered happily when we got to the top. The view was wonderful. We had our lunch there and enjoyed ourselves very much. Unfortunat
20、ely when we began to walk down the mountain, we were caught in a storm. Faced with unexpected situation, our teacher remained calm, asking us to help each other down the mountain. So we shared our umbrellas and raincoats with each other and walked more cautiously. Finally we all reached the parking
21、lot safely and got on the bus heading back home.Despite the unexpected rain and wind, we still had a good time.,(三)表格式1命题解读以表格的形式呈现所给情景的书面表达形式。,2写作指导(1)仔细审题，确定主题。(2)研读表格，提炼要点。(3)谋划篇章，分段表达。(4)详略得当，突出重点。(5)表明观点，精彩收尾。,你校开展了“敬重父母”的活动，请你根据以下表格内容为你校的英语报刊写一则报道。,Respecting Parents ProgramShowing respect to
22、parents is one of the Chinese traditional moral values. As most of the students today are “the only child” in their family, they often regard themselves as the “centre” of the family, without caring much about their parents. Our school started a program, which is called “Respecting Parents Program”.
23、 Ten “dos” have been worked out for the students to follow clearly and easily, including:,“Remember your parents birthdays and express your good wishes to them; say hello to your parents when you see them returning home and so on.”The program has been successfully winning praises from parents and so
24、ciety. People say that is what we should have done earlier.,假如你是新华中学的学生李华。某学生英文报正 在招聘兼职的学生记者, 你想应聘。请根据下面 表格中提供的信息给该报社写一封自荐信。,Dear Sir, I am a student from Xinhua Middle School and I am glad to learn that you need a few more part-time English reporters. Interested in the job, I am writing to apply fo
25、r it because I think I am quite fit for it. As a student, I have not only a wide range of knowledge but also a good command of English. Besides, I am so good at writing that I have ever had such a similar experience as working as a reporter for my school broadcasting station. Also I am easy-going, s
26、killed at communicating and always willing to work with others cooperatively. I am looking forward to your timely reply and hope that I will be lucky enough to take the job.Yours sincerely,Li Hua,2013年中国将在天津举办第六届东亚运动会，其主题是“和平、友谊、和谐、发展”。假如你是天津市某中学高三年级三班学生李华，你班就东亚会将给天津带来的影响展开了激烈的讨论。请根据下表内容给21世纪报的编辑写一封
27、信，说说你们讨论的结果以及你个人的看法。,Dear editor, The 6th East Asian Games will be held in Tianjin in 2013. Recently our class have had a discussion about its effects on Tianjin.Some students believe there are many good effects. They think East Asian Games will not only help more people find jobs but also prosper t
28、ourism and make our city more beautiful. They also hold the view that the Games will ensure people in Tianjin to respond to the idea of having a green low carbon life and call on all the citizens of Tianjin experience the benefits from the event. Besides, people in Tianjin will catch the golden chan
29、ce of communicating with foreign friends from other Asian countries, creating a more peaceful world together. Finally, it will make China better known to the world.,Others think the Games will also bring some trouble. For example, at that time, the traffic will be heavier and the environment will be
30、 destroyed. Furthermore, holding East Asian Games will also cause more pollution and waste resources.As the famous saying goes, every coin has its two sides. So I think the Games have both positive and negative effects. And it is certain that our government will take measures to avoid the negative s
31、ituation. Whats more, our competitors will do better in the 2013 East Asian Games.Yours truly, Li Hua,(四)图表式1命题解读图表式书面表达往往给考生提供一份统计图表和简单的文字表述，让考生根据统计图表所提供的数据，结合文字提示及试题的注意事项或要求，写一篇说明一种事实或反映一种现象的短文。,2写作指导(1)细读图表，抓住特征。(2)认真审题，确定主题。(3)巧用数据，突出主题。(4)注意用词，句式多变。(5)适当发挥，表明观点。,假如你叫李华，从某网站上看到下面调查统计表， 感触很深，从而决定
32、写信给某英语报社，反映这一 现实，并简要分析原因，呼吁教育部门和家长改变 目前局面。,(Facts) Students in US have 72 minutes for physical activities per day. 2. Students in South Korea have 42 minutes Students in China have only 12 minutes, six times less (than in US). (Reasons) Students in China are forced to work harder to enter a famous u
33、niversity. They are buried in too many exercises per day, spend all day in the classroom. Parents encourage their child to work harder even at home on Sunday or during holidays.,(Appeals) Education Departments and parents should ensure students enough time to take part in physical activities. Activi
34、ties can also build students abilities, which can be obtained from books.,Dear editor，It can be seen clearly from the above chart that American students have 72 minutes on physical activities per day, and those in South Korea 42 minutes. However, Chinese students have only 12 minutes for physical ac
35、tivities per day.The reasons lie in the following. Almost all the time is spent on lessons or doing large quantities of exercises in classrooms every day in Chinese schools. Even when they get back home on Sunday or in holidays, students are made by parents to work harder so as to be admitted to a f
36、amous university. Thus there is little time left for their physical activities.,In my opinion, both the Education Departments and parents are responsible to give the students more time for physical activities. Only when students have a strong body and clear mind, can they study effectively. Anyhow,
37、knowledge can be learned not only from books but also through activities.Yours sincerely,Li Hua,以下饼图是关于高三学生填报高考志愿不同依 据的人数比例。 请简要描述该图， 选择其中你填 报志愿的依据，并简述理由。,Chinese senior middle school graduates have different opinions on how to choose their courses and universities.We can see from the graph that abo
38、ut 35% of the students believe the choice should be based on their own interest. Around 45% insist that their consideration should meet the needs of the society. Interestingly, there are about 20% who depend on their parents or teachers to make a decision. Personally, I would like to make a choice a
39、ccording to my own interest. Because interest helps to arouse our curiosity, stimulate our motivation for exploring new things, thus leading to creativity and even a new invention.In a word, I believe that, with a goal in my mind, along with the interest and effort, I will surely achieve great succe
40、ss in the coming university life.,(五)开放式 1命题解读 开放式书面表达只提供一个情景，让考生在此基础上自由发挥，不受文体形式和内容要点的限制，写一段文字，使文章完整、突出主题。(半命题作文),2写作指导(1)仔细审题，吃透题意。(2)立意选材，认真构思。(3)谋篇布局，合理发挥。(4)遣词造句，“大题小作”。,请仔细观察下面的图画和英文提示，并结合自己的学习生活，就图画主题与Jake 谈谈你对此事的看法和建议。,A friend in my class always wants me to give him the answers. I do it, bu
41、t Im afraid I might get caught. If I dont do it, he might not be my friend anymore.Jake G., Michigan,It is too bad that your friend is always asking you to cheat, but its good that you realize it isnt appropriate.Try talking to your friend. Tell him that cheating is not allowed, and let him know how
42、 you feel. You could tell him that you enjoy being his friend but you wont give him any more answers next time when writing the exam. Maybe he will stop trying to copy if you make it known that you dont want him to.It is understandable that you do not want to lose this friend. But since he is puttin
43、g you at the risk of getting into trouble, then perhaps he is not such a good friend at all.,一名好学生应该具有许多优秀品质（如下图所示），你认为哪一个或哪两个是最重要的品质？请结合自己的生活实际分析原因，并写出你的感悟。要求： 1. 题目自拟；2. 不少于100词；3. 文中不出现真实姓名。,Honesty Is the Most Important QualityPersonally speaking, I believe that honesty is of utmost importance a
44、mong dozens of good qualities. Once, having found out I lied about my poor grade, my parents had a heart-to-heart talk with me. They told me how important honesty is and how to be an honest man. I was greatly touched by what they said and apologized to them finally. Since then, I have never lied to
45、my parents and always been honest. However satisfying my grade is, Im just brave enough to face it, as I fully understand that honesty is not only the best policy, but also a principle, which is absolutely essential for ones life criterion.,下面是一个中学生给某报编辑部写的一封信，请你仔细阅 读并就信的内容以王编辑的名义给此中学生回一封信。Dear edit
46、or,I am an active girl, and I speak and laugh loudly in the classroom like a boy. I dont care about small matters. On the contrary, my neighbor, the girl who sits next to me, speaks quietly and dare not do the things I often do. I can understand this. What I cant stand is that she often gets angry w
47、ith me about small things. How can I get along with her?Lily,Tianjin 书信格式要规范。 2. 回信需就原信内容给出至少三条建议 3.不少于100词,Dear Lily,Its very good that you want to be friends with this girl. In my opinion, youd better first have a heart-to-heart talk with her, because understanding each other is very important for
48、 you two. And I also think its better for you to ask her to join you and your classmates in all kinds of activities, such as birthday parties, going out for a walk, discussing some fashionable topics, and so on. Besides, helping each other is also very important for both of you. Just share happiness
49、 and sadness with her. And I believe she will understand you in time and it is certain you will be good friends in future. Good luck to you.Yours,Editor Wang,如何才能写出优秀作文?一式: 写对格式两头: 写好文章的开头和结尾三写: 大小写、拼写和书写无误四关: 内容要点行文逻辑语法规则习惯表达,(一)通知 1.Dr. Green, a physicist from England, will be invited to give us a
50、 talk on “Science and future”. 2.A friendly basketball match will be held between Class 10 and Class 12 on our school playground. 3.Please get prepared. / Please be there on time.,(二)书信 1. How are you getting on with your study? 2. Im glad to hear from you. 3. Im writing to tell you something about (三)便条 1.I came to your house, but unfortunately you happened to be out. 2.So I have to leave you a note. 3. At sight of this note, please,
