1、,中,考,英,语,2019,第三部分 中考题型过关,题型一 听力理解,CONTENTS,目 录,PART 01 考情帮,PART 01 考情帮,命题点,考情总结,中考听力主要考查考生对英语口语的理解能力以及从所提供的语言材料中获取信息、归纳判断和正确应答的能力。听力内容涉及面较广,材料的情景丰富,话题牵涉面广,且多为考生熟悉的话题,涉及天气、喜好、购物、问路、打电话、活动安排等。河南中考听力理解分值为20分,共分为三节。第一节为5段短对话,共5小题,每小题1分。第一节重点考查考生在一定语境中获取信息及处理信息的能力,每段对话设有一个问题及三个备选答案。第二节多为3段稍长些的对话,1段独白,共1
2、0小题,每小题1分。第二节重点考查考生在一定语境中获取信息与推理判断的能力,每段对话或独白后有23个问题,每个问题有三个备选答案,其材料内容比阅读理解简单,主要涉及交际性的口头语言。第三节为短文理解,近几年考查的都是图片的匹配或排序,之前也有涉及读地图、句子排序等题型。第三节重点考查考生对较长语言材料的理解及获取信息的能力。,PART 02 方法帮,技巧点拨,听力理解题相对其他题型而言比较简单,大部分是对日常话题的考查,但是20道题目中一般会有35道具有一定难度的题目,如果考生能做到这几道题目不失分,则能在考试中抢占先机。在做听力理解题目时,考生可以运用以下几种方法: (一)浏览题目,初步预测
3、 在听力录音播放之前,考生不要着急去做笔试题,应该充分利用这段时间快速浏览听力理解题目题干要求及选项内容,以及第三节的图片信息等,预测话题范围。这样就可以有目的、有重点地去听录音,掌握做题的主动权,从而提高做题效率。,技巧点拨,(二)“整听“细听“相结合 听力录音每部分的内容都是播放两遍,考生可区分一下两遍的任务。比如,第一遍“整听“,注意听整体内容,做到对信息的整体初步理解,并了解重点所在;第二遍“细听“,对第一遍未听清的地方,以及一些关键细节给予特别关注,并作出必要的判断和推理。 (三)简要记录关键信息 要注意养成边听边记的习惯。考生在听的过程中要记录一些关键信息,如时间、电话号码、门牌号
4、、日期、楼层等数据以及重要人物、职业、地点、原因、活动等。对于一些较长的关键词可用缩写或简单的符号来记,只要自己能看懂即可,以防遗忘,便于做题时参考。常有考生内容都听懂了,但没有记录,在做题时犹豫到底选哪个。,技巧点拨,(四)关键信息格外关注,“细枝末节“不可忽略 时间、地点等关键信息是中考常考点,需要考生特别注意,但是,一些细节也不容忽视。比如称呼,要注意两个人物之间的称呼,以及对话者对提到的其他人的称呼等。“Whats the relationship between the two speakers?“也是听力对话中常考的题目,对于这类题目,常常需要由称呼这个小细节来作出判断。,技巧点拨
5、,(五)果断放弃听不懂的内容 考生在听的过程中,如果遇到生词及听不懂的内容,要果断跳过。不要因为某个细节或个别词未听清而分心,影响听后面的内容,造成听取信息不完整,甚至错过重点;不要在某个点上纠结,以免前面没听懂,后面没听到;也不要因着急去做其中一个小题而耽误了听后面的内容,“捡了芝麻丢了西瓜“,得不偿失。考生除了记录关键词之外,还应该把注意力高度集中在对对话或短文的整体理解上,从而更好地捕捉信息。,技巧点拨,(六)注意排除干扰项 在中考听力题中,通常不会简单直接地给出答案,往往会设置一些干扰信息。有时三个选项录音中都会提到,并且往往正确选项最后才现身,因此不要急于作答,应该仔细听,坚持听完,
6、再综合考虑,最终作出判断。 (七)仔细复查 在听力录音播放结束之后,考生要结合脑中保存的记忆和记录的关键信息验证一下答案是否正确,对之前不太确定的答案再进行仔细地推敲。,高分指南,交通方式交通方式是英语听力题中的高频话题。交通方式涉及的内容主要有:on foot,by bike,by bus,by train,by plane等,与之相关的动词(短语)有:walk,ride a bike,take a bus,take a train,take a plane或fly等。在浏览题目时考生可根据问题中出现的地点,大致猜测一下交通工具,如:去公园,常常用的是by bike,by bus或on fo
7、ot;去美国则最有可能是by plane。因为英语中交通方式的表达有动词和介词两种,而选项则常常以介词的形式出现,所以在做考查交通方式的题目时,考生一定要马上反应出所给选项相对应的动词表达。然后在听录音的过程中注意听对话中是否将介词表达转化成了相对应的动词表达。,高分指南,【典例1】2015河南 3.How does the girl go to school? A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By car. 听力原文: M: Hi, Jessica. Why dont you go to school by bus? W: There are always many pe
8、ople on the bus. I prefer to ride a bike to school. 【思路指导】 首先浏览问题,然后看选项;同时应注意这三种出行方式的动词表达:by bus相当于take a bus;by bike相当于ride a bike;by car相当于drive a car。在听录音的过程中一定要注意三个选项转换出的动词表达。根据录音材料中的最后一句“I prefer to ride a bike to school“可知正确答案为B。,高分指南,【典例2】2014河南 13.How did they get to the lake? A. By bike. B.
9、 By car. C. On foot. 听力原文: W: What a nice day! M: Im glad we walk to the lake today. There are so many people here. W: Everybody wants to enjoy the beautiful day. M: I agree. I cant believe how clear the sky is right now. W: I know. And look! How pretty those roses are! M: You can tell its springtim
10、e. W: The flowers are blooming so beautifully this year. M: I think that guy is selling ice cream. W: Should we get some? M: I would love some ice cream right now. W: Its on me. M: Thank you. Thats very nice of you! 【思路指导】 根据所给的三个选项,考生要马上反应出对应的动词表达:by bike相当于ride a bike;by car相当于drive a car;on foot相
11、当于walk。根据录音材料中的“Im glad we walk to the lake today“可知正确答案为C。,高分指南,数字计算在河南中招英语中,时间、价钱、时间段、频率、顺序、数量和重量等与数字相关的试题是高频考查内容。在考查数字的听力试题中,一般考查直接听到的数字的可能性较小,通常要经过简单的计算才能得出答案。所以考生首先要牢记问题,看问的是起床的时间,还是上学的时间;是买一个物品的价钱,还是买两个物品的价钱等。然后在听录音的过程中将直接听到的数字记下来,但一定要注意对话中的转折内容,最后再进行简单的计算得出正确的答案。,高分指南,【典例1】2016河南 2.When can L
12、inda probably come to the party? A. At 6:30. B. At 7:00. C. At 7:30. 听力原文: M: Linda, well have a party at 7:00 this Sunday. Would you like to come? W: Id love to, but maybe Ill be half an hour late. 【思路指导】 在听录音的过程中,要注意记录听到的时间及转折内容。首先我们听到at 7:00,这时要注意听下文是否有转折或时间提前或推迟的信息。结合下面听到的内容“Ill be half an hour
13、late“可知,Linda将会晚到半小时,故选C。,高分指南,【典例2】2016河南 9.How much does the woman pay? A. $40. B. $45. C. $50. 听力原文: W: Taxi! M: Hi. Where are you going? W: To the train station, please. How long will it take to the station? M: About 30 minutes. Are you in a hurry? W: Yes, Im a bit late. M: We can take the high-
14、speed way. But you should pay me $5 more, okay? W: Thats okay. (停顿3秒) M: Heres the train station. W: Thank you. How much is it? M: $45, including the $5 for the high-speed way. W: Here you are. M: Thanks. Dont forget your things. W: Okay. Bye. Have a good day! 【思路指导】 问题问的是“这位女士付了多少钱“。这位女士在询问价钱时,我们可以
15、听到“$45“,但这时先不要进行答案的选择,注意对话中的“including the $5 for the high-speed way“,这里说的是包含$5的高速费,即总价为$45,因此正确的价钱是B选项。,高分指南,【典例3】2013河南 4.How many times has the man been to America?A. Once. B. Twice. C. Never. 听力原文: M: How many times have you been to America? W: Twice! M: How lucky you are! Its really my dream to
16、 be there one day. 【思路指导】我们首先听到女士的回答“Twice!“,但注意问题问的是男士去美国的次数,他并没有明确说出去的次数,但“Its really my dream to be there one day“暗示了他从来都没有去过美国,故正确答案为C项。,高分指南,兴趣爱好兴趣爱好类话题考查内容主要涉及电影、电视、运动、艺术等,还可能会涉及对电影的评价或者态度方面的判断。所以有关此类话题的考查综合性较强。在做此类听力试题时,要善于捕捉信息,速记要点,重在听懂每句话的意思。 【典例】2012河南 8.Whats the womans favorite sport? A.
17、 Swimming. B. Playing ping-pong. C. Skating.,高分指南,听力原文: M: Whats your favorite sport? W: I like swimming in summer and skating in winter. But I think I like playing ping-pong best. What about you? M: I am interested in Chinese kung fu. I can play tai chi well. I usually play tai chi in the morning.
18、W: That sounds interesting. Can you teach me how to play it? M: Yes, with pleasure. W: Thank you. 【思路指导】 根据问题及三个选项内容可以了解到这段对话谈论的是双方喜爱的运动。从题干及备选答案我们很难猜出答案,所以应该认真听录音,根据录音内容完成题目。这道题目的难度不是很大,但是很多学生一听到swimming和skating就作出选择,而没有注意到关键信息“I like playing ping-pong best“,这句话才与题干中的favorite sport相呼应。做听力试题时考生一定要细心
19、。,高分指南,人物关系听力试题中有时需要根据说话双方的谈话内容判断两者之间的关系,这需要考生具有一定的推理判断能力。常见的有判断家人之间的关系,如父女、母子、姐弟等;师生关系;服务员和顾客关系等。 【典例】2018河南 1.Whats the relationship between the two speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Waiter and customer. 听力原文: W: John,where are the cookies?Dont tell me you ate them all,again!
20、 M: Yes,Mom,I did.I couldnt help it.They were so good! 【思路指导】 根据所听内容中的关键信息“Yes,Mom“可判断出说话双方之间的关系,故A项符合题意。,高分指南,购物点餐无论购物还是点餐都与学生的日常生活实际息息相关。购物主要涉及所买物品的价钱、颜色、尺码及为谁购物、购买的原因等,此话题的考查范围较广;点餐主要涉及某人喜欢的食物、饮料等。 【典例1】2016河南 13.Who does the woman buy a birthday present for? A. Her sister. B. Her mother. C. Her
21、daughter. 14.What size swimming suit does the woman want? A. Small. B. Large. C. Medium. 15.Where can the woman buy a cheaper swimming suit? A. On the first floor. B. On the second floor. C. On the third floor.,高分指南,听力原文: M: May I help you? W: Yes, I would like to buy a swimming suit for my elder si
22、ster as a birthday present. M: What size does she wear? W: Medium. M: Would she like this style? W: I dont think so. M: What about that one? W: The style is fine, but the color is too dark. Do you have something brighter? M: How about this one? W: Its too expensive. Do you have a cheaper one? M: Yes
23、, we do. There is something cheaper on the first floor. Why dont you check there? W: Okay. Thank you very much.,高分指南,听力原文: M: May I help you? W: Yes, I would like to buy a swimming suit for my elder sister as a birthday present. M: What size does she wear? W: Medium. M: Would she like this style? W:
24、 I dont think so. M: What about that one? W: The style is fine, but the color is too dark. Do you have something brighter? M: How about this one? W: Its too expensive. Do you have a cheaper one? M: Yes, we do. There is something cheaper on the first floor. Why dont you check there? W: Okay. Thank yo
25、u very much.,高分指南,【思路指导】 根据所听内容中的关键信息“I would like to buy a swimming suit for my elder sister as a birthday present“可知13题应选A。 根据所听内容中的关键信息“Medium“可知14题应选C。 根据所听内容中的关键信息“There is something cheaper on the first floor“可知15题应选A。,高分指南,【典例2】2012河南 6.What does the woman order? A. A beef hamburger. B. A chi
26、cken sandwich. C. A cheese pizza. 7.Where is the woman? A. In a hotel. B. In a school. C. In a restaurant.,高分指南,听力原文: M: Hello, this is Browns restaurant. What can I do for you? W: Id like to order something for lunch. M: What would you like to have? W: Id like to have a beef hamburger. M: OK. A bee
27、f hamburger. May I know your address? W: Oh, yes. Room 402 in Sunshine Hotel. M: I got it. W: How soon will you arrive? M: In ten minutes. W: OK. Im waiting for you right here. 【思路指导】 根据所听内容中的关键信息“Id like to have a beef hamburger“可知第6题应选A。在做第7题的时候有的学生没有看清楚题干,在听到“Browns restaurant“时直接选了C项。但是此题问的是这位女士
28、在哪儿,接电话的男士说的是“this is Browns restaurant“,而女士留的送餐地址是“ Room 402 in Sunshine Hotel“,所以女士应该是在宾馆里,故第7题应选A。,高分指南,活动安排 活动安排是中考听力的常见话题,主要涉及假期旅行、周末活动及安排等。较为典型的是给出提到过的几项活动,制造干扰项。考生需要仔细听内容,看清楚问题,才能做对题目。 【典例1】2018河南 5.What are they talking about? A. A weekend plan. B. A class celebration. C. A personal hobby.,高
29、分指南,听力原文: M: Susan,do you have anything planned for this Saturday? W: Er.Im kind of busy with my work.Why do you ask? M: Oh,I was wondering if you like to go to a concert. W: Id love to,but Im really going to be busy all day on Saturday. 【思路指导】 问题问的是“他们谈论的是什么“,A项表示“周末计划“; B项表示“班级庆祝(活动)“;C项表示“个人爱好“。根
30、据所听内容中提及的Saturday、planned及男士发出的邀请可知,他们谈论的是周末的活动安排,故A项符合题意。,高分指南,【典例2】2016河南 3.What did Eric do last weekend? A. He read a book. B. He stayed at home. C. He went swimming. 听力原文: W: Eric, did you go swimming last weekend? M: No, I had a bad cold and just stayed at home. 【思路指导】 问题问的是Eric上周末做了什么,所听内容中既提到了go swimming又提到了stayed at home。考生在做此类题目时一定要看清问题,理解语境,从而选出正确答案。结合录音内容中的“I had a bad cold and just stayed at home“可知,Eric没有读书也没有游泳,只是待在家里。故选B。,
