1、江苏省句容市后白中学中考英语语法复习 情态动词的基本用法 牛津版情态动词本身虽有一定的意义，但它必须和实义动词一起构成谓语动词，表示说话人的语气和情态，情态动词后接动词原形。初中学过的情态动词有 can, could, may, must, need, shall, should, will, would, have to 等。1. can / could表示能力（等于 be able to）或客观可能性；还可以表示请求或允许；用在否定句、疑问句或感叹句中还可以表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。Can / Could I .? 表示请求对方许可（用 could 比用 can 语气更加委婉和客气，但
2、答语必须用 can） ；Can / Could you .?用来表示说话人征求对方意见（用 could 比用 can 语气更加委婉和客气） 。2. may表示许可或允许，意为“可以” 。May I .? 表示征求对方许可，否定回答一般用mustnt 或 cant。3. must意为“必须、应当” ，表示义务、命令或必要；在回答 must 引出的问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用 neednt 或 dont have to，表示“没有必要” 。4. need作情态动词时，多用于否定句或疑问句中，表示“需要”或“必要” （need 用于肯定句时，常作实义动词，有人称和数的变化） 。5. sha
3、ll表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。6. should意为“应该” ，表示义务、责任，可用于各种句式。7. will用于疑问句中，表示说话人向对方提出请求或建议；还可以用来表示做某事的意志、意愿、决心或打算。8. would表示过去的习惯性动作，有“总是、常常”的意思；还可表意愿、拒绝、请求等。9. have to意为“不得不” ，强调客观需要，能用于多种时态；而 must 强调说话者的主观看法，没有时态变化。【专项练习】. 请从各题后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。( )1. Must we clean the classroom now? No, you_.A. mu
4、st B. neednt C. should D. cant( )2. You_ be careful with fire when you have a picnic in the forest. A. will B. must C. can D. may( )3. May I go surfing alone, Dad? No, you_. It is dangerous.A. may not B. cant C. neednt D. dont( )4. Should I call Mary here right away? No, you_ . She is on the way her
5、e.A. mustnt B. cant C. may not D. neednt( )5. _ you mind closing the door?No, not at all.A. Would B. Can C. May D. Should( )6. I said I _do anything for him.A. would B. will C. have to D. need( )7. Its a secret between us. Dont tell anybody else. _.A. I do B. I dont C. I will D. I wont( )8. You must
6、 come to the meeting on time. OK, I _.A. must B. have to C. will D. should( )9. At the age of seven, I _speak a little English.A. have to B. could C. can D. should( )10. Many of the stars_, because they are far away from us.A. may not see B. cant be seenC. mustnt be seen D. neednt see( )11. Could I
7、call you by the first name? Yes, you _.A. will B. could C. might D. can( )12. Must I return the book tomorrow morning?No, you_ . You _ keep it for three days.A. mustnt; may B. mustnt; mustC. neednt; can D. neednt; must( )13. May I go out to play basketball, Dad?No, you _. You must finish your homewo
8、rk first.A. mustnt B. may notC. couldnt D. neednt( )14. Can you go swimming with us this afternoon?Sorry. I _look after my little sister at home.A. can B. may C. would D. have to( )15. Would you like to go fishing with me this afternoon?Id love to, but Im afraid I_ . I have too much work to do.A. ca
9、nt B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not( )16. What a nice day! _we go hiking? Good idea.A. Shall B. Must C. Need D. Will( )17. We_ keep the new traffic law and learn how to protect ourselves.A. may B. should C. can D. could( )18. Must I come at four? Oh, no, you _.A. dont B. mustnt C. dont have to D. cant
10、( )19. _ you get me some paper, please?A. Shall B. May C. Need D. Will( )20. May I put my bike here? No, you _. You _put it over there.A. may not; may B. neednt; must C. mustnt; should D. wont; should. 请按要求完成下列各句，每空一词（含缩写） 。1. My brother can play chess. （改为一般疑问句）_ _ brother _chess?2. You should do t
11、he dishes. （改为否定句）You_ _ the dishes.3. Could I open the window? （作肯定回答）_ , _ _.4. May I smoke here? （作否定回答）_, _ _ .5. He must do it himself. （改为同义句）He _ _ _ it himself.6. My sister can ride a bike.（用 when she was 10 years old 改写句子）My sister _ _ a bike when she was 10 years old.7. You must sell your
12、car. （改为一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答）_ _ sell my car?Yes, you _. / No, you_ .8. The boy is able to write with his left hand.（改为同义句）The boy _ _ with his left hand.参考答案情态动词的基本用法专项练习. 1-5 BBBDA 6-10 ADCBB 11-15 DCADA 16-20 ABCDC. 1. Can your, play 2. shouldnt do 3. Yes, you can4. No, you cant / mustnt 5. has to do 6. could ride 7. Must I; must; neednt 8. can write
