1、8B Unit 4 知识梳理一重点单词A. 四会单词1. leaflet n. 传单 2. cat n.猫科动物3. camera n. 照相机，摄象机 4.pop adj. 流行音乐的5. job n. 工作，任务 6. introduce v 介绍7. duty n 责任，职责，义务 8. event n.活动，事件9. fan n. 迷，狂热爱好者 10. seem v 好象，似乎，看来11. business n. 企业，商行，工厂 12.public adj. 公开的13.voice n. 嗓音 14. hang v 悬挂，吊15. speaker n. 扬声器，喇叭 16. amo
2、ng prep. 当中在17. phone v 打电话 18. kid n 小孩19. break n 休息 20. speech n. 演讲21. purpose n. 目标 22.rise v 升起B.词形转换22. advertise vadvertisement n 2. host vhostess n 3. introduce vintroduction n 4. organization norganize v5. actor n.actress nact v 6. perform vperformance n7.arrangement narrange v 8. speaker
3、nspeak v9. education neducational adjeducate v 10. snowy adjsnow n/v 11. silent adjsilence n 12. breakbrokebroken 13.riseroserisen二重点词组1.a charity show 慈善表演 2. hold a microphone 拿着话筒 3. be chosen to do sth 被选做某事 4. many ways to raise money 许多募集钱的方法 5. organize a charity show 组织一次慈善演出 6. make a poste
4、r 制作一张海报 7. prepare for sth 为某事而做准备 8. be prepared to do sth 准备做某事 9. prepare sth 准备某事 10. ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 11.donate money 捐钱 12.raise money 募集钱 13.learn more about 了解更多关于 14.write to sb 写信给某人 15.need to do sth 需要做某事 16.free time 空余时间 17.because of 因为 18.start/begin doing sth 开始做某事 19.intro
5、duce sb 介绍某人 20.be happy to do sth 高兴做某事 21.practise a lot 大量练习 22.have to do sth 不得不做某事 23.remember doing sth 记得做过某事 24.remember to do sth 记得要做某事 25.at the right time 在恰当的时间 26.in the beginning 在开始 27.be able to do sth 能够做某事 28.at the same time 在同一时间 29.make a lot of noise 发出很多噪音 30.seem to do sth
6、似乎做某事 31.invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 32.take part in 参加 33.hope to do sth 希望做某事 34.at least 至少 35.in the school hall 在学校的礼堂 36.be glad to do sth 高兴做某事 37.tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某事 38.be interested 对感兴趣 39.great fun 有趣 40.some children in poor areas 一些贫穷地方的孩子 41.pay for 支付 42.let sb do sth 让某人做某事 43
7、.know more about 知道更多关于 44.decide to do sth 决定做某事 45.the host of the show 演出的主持 46.how to do sth 怎样做某事 47.would like to do sth 想要做某事 48.learn to do sth 学习做某事 49.the ticket for a charity 慈善会门票 50.the ticket to Shanghai 去上海的门票 51.at the end of 在最后三重点句子1. Ive been chosen to be the host of a charity sho
8、w.我曾经被选择做慈善表演的主持。（be chosen to do sth）被选择做某事， 如：He is chosen to help the boy with his English . 他被选去帮助那个男孩学英语。2. We should give out leaflets to ask people to donate money.我们应该发传单来要求人们捐钱。（give out ask sb to do sth donate money）3. Why dont we organize a charity show ?为什么我们不举行一个慈善演出呢？（Why not do sth?=W
9、hy dont you(we) do sth?）为什么不做某事 如：Why not go out for a walk?=Why dont we go out for a walk? 为什么不出去散步呢？4.We started working on the show two month ago.两个月前，我们开始准备这个演出。5. It was my job to introduce each star.我的工作是介绍每位明星。这个句子还可以改成：My job is to introduce each star.6. I had to remember to look at the righ
10、t camera at the right time .我必须记得在合适的时间看对摄象机。（have to do sth/ remember to do sth）不得不做某事/ 记得要去做某事 如：I have to get up early to catch up with the early bus.我不得不早起来赶早班车。Remember to lock the door when you leave the classroom. 当你离开教室的时候，记得要锁门。7.Will it be a success?它会成功吗？（success 指具体的成功的人或事时为可数名词）8.I kept
11、 asking myself .我一直在问我自己。（keep doing sth ）一直在做某事，如：He keeps reading that story book the whole day. 他一整天都在读那本书。9. Everything seemed to happen so fast. 一切似乎发生地太快。（seem to do sth /happen 无被动）如：It seems to rain .天似乎要下雨了。It seems that it will rain.10.I hope more events like this will be organized to rais
12、e money for charity and I think more people should be invited to take part in them.我希望有更多这样的事情被举办来为慈善募集钱 款，并且我认为应该邀请更多的人参与其中。（hope to do sth/hope that /raise money/ invite sb to do sth /take part in）11. It was great fun to be a host. 当一位主持人真得有趣。12. Some children in poor areas do not have money to go
13、 to school.一些贫穷地方的孩子没钱去上学。13. We believe it will be a success.我相信它会成功的。14. A lot of work need to be done.有很多工作要做。（need to do sth）15. We wanted to raise money for Project Hope.我想为希望工程募集钱。（want to do sth/ raise money）16. The host came on stage with a microphone in his hand and began to introduce the s
14、tars.主持人手拿话筒走到台上开始介绍明星。（with a microphone in his hand/ begin to do sth）17.After a few songs, there was a break.几首歌后，片刻休息了一下。break 此处是名词，意思是“ 休息 ”，它还可以作动词“打破” 如：break the silence 打破沉默 break the law 违反法律 break the promise 违背诺言break-broke broken broken 还可以做形容词“破的 ” a broken glass 一只破的玻璃杯18. Only if you
15、 sleep less during the day. 只有你白天少睡点。only if 意思是“只有”如：-Can I join the charity walk? 我可以参加慈善步行吗？-Only if you are over 18 years old. 只有年满 18 岁才行。19I was helping with a charity show to raise money for Project Hope.我那时给一个为绿色希望工程筹钱的慈善演出帮忙。help with 意思是 “在方面帮忙”如：Amy always helps with housework. 艾米总是帮忙做家务活
16、。raise money for 意思是“为筹钱”如：We are raising money for charities. 我们为慈善机构募捐。20. “ Will it be a success?” I kept asking myself .“会成功吗？”我不停地问我自己。success 是“胜利，成功”，be a success=be successful keep doing sth. 是“不断地做某事”如：Dont keeping asking silly questions. 不要一直问愚蠢的问题。21. 被动语态的构成方式：be + 过去分词，口语只也有用 get / beco
17、me + 过去分词表示。被动语态的基本用法：不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁时用被动语态。强调或突出动作的承受者常用被动语态（by 短语有时可以省略）。（1）使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题。主动变化被动时双宾语的变化。看下列例句。My friend gave me an interesting book on my birthday.An interesting book was given to me(by my friend)on my birthday.I was given an interesting book (by my friend)on my birthday.主动变被动时
18、，宾补成主补（位置不变）；（作补语的）不定式前需加 to。The boss made him work all day long.He was made to work all day long(by the boss)短语动词变被动语态时，勿要掉“尾巴”。The children were taken good care of (by her).Your pronunciation and spelling should be paid attention to.情态动词和 be going to、be to、be sure to、used to、have to、had better 等结构
19、变被动语态，只需将它们后面的动词原形变为 be +过去分词。（2）不能用被动语态的几种情况。所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。表示状态的谓语动词，如：last、hold 、benefit、contain、equal、fit、join、mean、last、 look like、consist to 等。表示归属的动词，如 have、own 、belong to 等。表示“希望、意图” 的动词，如：wish、want 、hope、like、love、hate 等。宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。宾语是同源宾语，不定式、动名词等谓语动词不用被动语态。
20、有些动词以其主动形式表示被动意义，特别是当主语是物时，常见的动词有sell、 write、wash、open、lock 等。（3）主动形式表被动意义。当 feel、look、smell、taste、sound 等后面接形容词时；当 cut、read 、sell、wear、write等词带状语修饰语时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时。This kind of cloth washes easily.这种布易洗。These novels wont sell well.这些小说不畅销。My pen writes smoothly.我的钢笔写起来很流畅。The door wont
21、lock.门锁不上。The fish smells good.鱼闻起来香。当 break out、take place、shut off、turn off、work out 等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意思时。The plan worked out successfully.The lamps on the wall turn off.want, require, need 后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。be worth doing 用主动形式表示被动含义。在“be + 形容词 + to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。The girl isnt easy to g
22、et along with.另外：be to blame(受谴责)，（4）被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况。be seated 坐着 He is seated on a bench.（He seats himself on a bench.）坐在凳子上。be hidden 躲藏 He was hidden behind the door.(He hid himself behind the door.)他藏在门后。be lost 迷路 be drunk 喝醉 be dressed 穿着 The girl was dressed in a red short skirt.四，书面表达假如你是王林，
23、你所在学校的爱心俱乐部（Helping Hands Club）将吸收新会员，你想参加，根据自己的情况写一封自荐信。Dear Chairman_Yours,Wang Lin范文Dear ChairmanI am a boy student from Class1, Grade3. Id like to be a member of the Helping Handing Club. I am healthy. I work hard at my lessons. I like helping others. I get on well with my classmates and often h
24、elp them with their lessons. On my way home ,I often help old people cross the street. On the bus ,I always give my seat to women with babies . Sometimes, I pick up rubbish in the park.If I join the club, I will be able to make more friends. Besides, I can do more for others.Ill be glad if Im received .I am waiting for your answer.Yours,Wang Lin
