1、2012 中考英语完形填空专题训练 06（答案详细解析）1*Do you know Eskimos (爱斯基摩人)? Let me tell you something about their 1 .The Eskimos live near the North Pole (北极). There are only two 2 there, winter and summer, There are no spring 3 autumn there. The winter nights are 4 . You cant 5 the sun for more than two months, eve
2、n at noon. The summer days are long. For more than two months, the sun never 6 and there is no night.The Eskimos have 7 clothes. They make their clothes from the skin of animals. From these skins they make coats, caps and 8 .Near the North Pole trees cant grow, for it is too 9 there. The Eskimos 10
3、make their houses from skins, snow or stones (石头). When they 11 in storm and cant 12 home, they make house of snow. They 13 these snow houses when the storm is 14 .Life is 15 for the Eskimos, but they still like to live there.1. A. work B. life C. holiday D. families2. A. weather B. seasons C. month
4、s D. years 3. A. not B. or C. and D. as4. A. short B. warm C. long D. cold 5. A. see B. watch C. look D. look at6. A. rises B. goes up C. drops D. goes down 7. A. beautiful B. metal C. warm D. cool 8. A. goods B. drinks C. medicine D. shoes 9. A. cold B. hot C. dry D. wet 10. A. will B. should C. ne
5、ver D. have to 11. A. go out B. go over C. keep on D. get on 学优中考网 12. A. get back B. got off C. get on D. get in 13. A. make B. leave C. stay D. break 14. A. over B. coming C. going D. hard 15. A. easy B. interesting C. hard D. lucky名师点评本文介绍了爱斯基摩人的生活情况：爱斯基摩人的特殊生活习惯缘于那儿的特殊气候。答案简析1. B。根据下文得知这里介绍的是爱斯基
6、摩人的生活（life） 。2. B。根据 winter 和 summer 判断。3. B。 noor表示对两者否定。4. C。由后一句话可推断答案。冬夜很长，几乎看不到太阳，也就是没有白天，这正是北极的气候特征。5. A。see 表示“ 看”的结果，watch 和 look 都表示“看” 的动作。6. D。夏天白昼长，几乎没有夜晚，太阳从不下山，所以选 go down。7. C。他们要穿上暖和的衣服才能抵御严寒。8. D。这里是指用动物皮来做衣服鞋帽。9. A。北极很冷。10. D。表示客观原因使他们不得不用特殊的材料来建房。11. A。表示在外面遇到风暴时。12. A。由于风暴而回不了家。1
7、3. B。 用雪造房是因为遇到风暴回不了家，风暴过后自然要离开雪房子了。14. A。be over 表示结束。15. C。这种恶劣的气候条件下，生活是很艰难困苦的，故选 hard。* 2*Life in the twenty-first century will be very 1 . Many changes will take place, but 2 will the changes be. The population is growing 3 . There will be many 4 in the world and most of them will live 5 than p
8、eople in the twentieth century.Computers will be much smaller and 6 and there will be at least one in every 7 . And 8 studies will be one of the important subjects in school then.People will work 9 and they will have more free time for sports, watching TV and travelling. 10 will be much easier and c
9、heaper. And many more people will go to 11 countries for holidays.There will be changes in our 12 , too. Maybe no one will eat meat every day, instead, they eat more fruit and vegetables. Maybe people will be 13 . Work in the future will be different, too. 14 and hard work can be done by robots. Bec
10、ause of this, 15 will not have enough work to do .This will be a problem.1. A. interesting B. hard C. different D. beautiful2. A. why B. how C. when D. what 3. A. slowly B. fast C. quietly D. suddenly4. A. people B. workers C. scientists D. doctors5. A. long B. longer C. happy D. lucky6. A. more use
11、ful B. useful C. helpful D. less useful 7. A. hospital B. factory C. home D. town 8. A. science B. maths C. English D. computer 9. A. fewer hours B. more hoursC. eight hours D. more than eight hours 10. A. Seeing doctors B. Going to the cinema学优中考网 C. Shopping D. Travelling11. A. rich B. other C. po
12、or D. small12. A. food B. clothes C. fruit D. drinks 13. A. fatter B. thinner C .healthier D. more pleased14. A. Safe B. Easy C. Simple D. Dangerous15. A. a few people B. all the peopleC. many people D. some people名师点评本文介绍了二十一世纪我们社会将发生的各种各样的变化，包括就业，饮食等一系列的变化。答案解析1. C。以下讲的是二十一世纪发生的一系列的变化，由于变化，生活也就变得与
13、以前不同，故而选 C。2. D。这些变化会是哪些变化呢？What 在这里充当的是表语。3. B。众所周知，人口增长速度很快。4. A。由上下文可知，这里指人口增多，故选 people。5. B。由于生活条件和习惯的改变，人们寿命将会更长，所以 longer 为正确选项。6. A。电脑将发挥更大的作用，故选比较级 more useful。7. C。电脑将走进各家各户。8. D。这一小节都讲的是电脑，故选 D。9. A。根据下文得知人们将有更多的时间用来娱乐，证明工作时间减少了，故选 fewer hours。10. D。根据下文的 for holidays 可知这里说的是旅行。11. B。由于条件
14、好了，更多的人都能够去其他国家旅游了，故选 other。12. A。根据下句得知，这里讲的是饮食变化。13. C。由于饮食习惯发生变化，人们将更加健康。14. D。和 hard 并列的词应选择 dangerous。15. C。因为很多工作都是由机器人来完成，那么许多人也就面临着失业的危险。*7The computer plays an important part in our everyday life. It is one of the great _1_ in the world in the _2_ century. It works for us not only at home,
15、in the offices, in big shops, _3_ at schools. Today it is used _4_ many ways. It really _5_ the world large wealth (财富) and happiness.The first computer in the world was _6_ Enid. It was built in America in 1946. It was _7_ and heavy. _8_ it was born, it has been developing very fast. Until now it h
16、as gone _9_ four periods（时期，阶段）and changed a lot. Therere many kinds of computers. Computers are getting smaller and smaller and computing faster and faster. It becomes more and more _10_.The computer can do most of the things _11_ the people. It can help us to _12_ about the real world more quickly
17、, to learn _13_ we want to learn and to think _14_ ourselves. _15_ a student in the twenty-first century, you must work hard at it.1. A. inventions B. discoveries C. robots D. inventors2. A. twenty-first B. twenties C. twelfth D. twentieth3. A. also B. but also C. too D. either4. A. in B. to C. by D
18、. over 5. A. takes B. helps C. gets D. brings 学优中考网 6. A. found B. invented C. called D. bought 7. A. easy B. small C. large D. light8. A. For B. Until C. When D. Since9. A. by B. across C. through D. against 10.A. serious B. harmful. C. dangerous D. helpful 11.A. for B. to C. at D. with 12.A. set B
19、. tell C. know D. talk 13.A. what B. that C. which D. who 14.A. of B. about C. out D. for 15.A. For B. Be C. As D. To名师点评本文介绍了电脑的产生、发展以及在我们日常生活中广泛的使用，针对一些人对将来电脑会控制人类的担忧，作者提出了自己的看法。答案简析1A。one of 后要用可数名词的复数形式，根据文章意思，可知答案是 A。2D。要表达第几个世纪，应该用“序数词century”，而根据常识，计算机是二十世纪的产物，A 项“二十一世纪” 与实际不符合。3B。固定搭配 not on
20、lybut (also) 意思是“不但而且”。所以答案是 B。4A。in many ways 为一固定用法，表示 “在许多方面”。5D。根据文章大意，可知答案是 D，表示“给人们带来财富和快乐 ”。6C。因为 Enid 是名字，故用 called。7C。根据常识可知老式计算机庞大而笨重，故填 large。8D。该句句意为“ 自它诞生之日起，它的发展就非常迅速”，since 在意思和时态上与主句呼应，为正确选项。9C。动词短语 go through 表示“经历” 。10 D。11 A。用介词 for+宾语表示“为人们做事”，故选 A。12 C。know about 表示“了解” ，侧重于有关某人
21、或某事的具体情况。13 A。learn 后面接的是一个宾语从句，而且连接词在从句中做 learn 的宾语，所以只能用 what，因为 that 在宾语从句中是纯连词，只能起连接作用，不能做句子成分。14 D。think of 表示“想起；认为” ；think about 表示“考虑” ；think out 表示“想出”；根据文章含义，答案应是 D。15 C。介词 as 表示“作为” ，为正确选项。*8You may think there is only sand in the desert of the world, _1_ it is not true. In the desert, as
22、 we know, there is a little _2_, but it is not _3_ for most plants. Still we can see some plants _4_ in the desert.There is _5_ in some places in the desert. We _6_ these places oases. In the oases, there are villages and towns. People grow _7_ kinds of crops in the fields there.People _8_ live outs
23、ide the oases. They have camels, sheep and other animals. These animals depend _9_ the desert plants for their food and do not need _10_ water.The _11_ are useful to the desert people in many ways. They eat the meat and drink the milk of the animals. They use the camels for carrying water, food, ten
24、ts and something else.The people of the desert have to keep moving from place to place. They must always look 12 grass or desert plants for their animals. When there is no more 学优中考网 food for their animals, they move to _13_ place. The desert people are _14_. No man in the desert would ever refuse _
25、15_ the people in trouble and give them food and water.1. A. and B. but C. or D. so2. A. rain B. rains C. wind D. winds3. A. good B. good enough C. enough good D. enough4. A. live B. to live C. lives D. lived5. A. stones B. plants C. wood D. water6. A. say B. tell C. call D. find7. A. every B. all C
26、. a D. one8. A. also B. too C. either D. still9. A. with B. in C. on D. by10. A. a littleB. few C. much D. any11. A. water B. plants C. crops D. animals12. A. at B. for C. up D. after13. A. other B. the other C. the others D. another14. A. well B. friend C. friendly D. carefully15. A. help B. helps
27、C. helping D. to help名师点评本文讲述了人类是如何利用沙漠中的绿洲、动物，并依靠自身的努力而得以在沙漠中种植庄稼，从而生存下来。说明人定胜天的道理。答案简析1. B。空白部分两句构成转折关系，故选择并列连词 but。2. B。沙漠中风多雨少，rain 一词为不可数名词，其复数形式 rains 表示雨水多，故应选 rain。3. D。这里讲沙漠中的一点点雨水，并不能满足大多数植物生长的需要，故选择 enough。4. A。see sb. do sth. 意为“看见某人做某事” ，这里应用省去 to 的动词不定式。5. D。沙漠之所以出现绿洲的根本原因是有了水，故选 water
28、。6. C。 call 在这里意为 “将称为”为正确选项。7. B。 every, a 和 one 后面都应该接可数名词单数，不能放在 kinds 前面。all kinds of 意为“ 各种各样的 ”。8. A。表示“也”时，too 一般放在肯定句末，either 放在否定句末，also 放在句中，在此为正确选项，而 still 不合题意。9. C。固定说法 depend on 意为“ 依靠”、 “凭借”。10. C。一些动物能在沙漠中生存下来，说明了他们适应了这里雨水稀少的气候，不像其他动物那样需要太多的水，故选择 much。11. D。通读本段不难发现，本段承上文接着讲述动物的用途，故选
29、 animals。12. B。固定说法 look for 意思为“寻找” 。13. D。other 后接可数名词时应用复数形式； the other 后接可数名词单数时表示两者中的另一个，不合文意。14. C。根据下文沙漠里的人从不会拒绝帮助别人，说明他们彼此友好。15. D。固定搭配 refuse to do sth.意为“拒绝干某事”。*9Once upon a time, a rich man wanted to make a trip (旅行) to another town. He tried not only to take things to sell but also to t
30、ake money to 1 things with. He 2 to take ten servants with him. They would 3 the things to sell and the food to 4 on their trip. Before they started, a little boy ran up to 5 and asked to 6 with them.The rich man said to the little boy, “Well, 7 may go with us. 8 you 学优中考网 are the smallest, the thin
31、nest and the weakest of all my 9 , you cant carry a 10 load (担子 ). You must 11 the lightest one to carry.” The boy thanked his master and chose the biggest load to carry. That was bread.“You are 12 .” said his master, “That is the biggest and the heaviest one.” The boy said 13 and lifted the load gl
32、adly.On the trip they walked for days and at last they got to the town. All the servants were tired 14 the little servant. Do you know 15 ? Most of the bread was eaten during the trip and a little was left when they arrived at the town.1. A. eat B. buy C. change D. get2. A. decided B. liked C. hoped
33、 D. tried3. A. take B. bring C. carry D. borrow4. A. cook B. eat C. buy D. drink5. A. them B. the servants （仆人）C. the road D. the rich man6. A. stop B. stay C. go D. talk7. A. you B. he C. I D. they8. A. Since B. If C. Because D. But9. A. family B. guests C. servants D. things10. A. heavy B. light C
34、. small D. difficult11. A. eat B. choose C. pick up D. understand12. A. brave B. right C. clever D. foolish13. A. sorry B. nothing C. angrily D. good-bye14. A. besides B. of C. except D. with15. A. who B. him C. that D. why名师点评本文讲述了一个聪明的小男孩的故事。他要求加入一位富人的旅行，在得到同意后 选择担子时，看似愚蠢地选择了最大、最重的担子。而这恰恰就是他的聪明之处，
35、因为他所挑的面包在途中是被边走边吃的，到达目的地时已所剩无几。阅读这故选 foolish。篇文章时要注意句子的整体理解，如第8、9、10 这三题。答案简析1. B。这位富人不仅带了东西去卖，而且带钱去 “买”东西。解这道题时要注意将句中 and 前后的内容进行比较。2. A。根据他的想法，他“决定” 要带十个仆人。这件事完全可以由他自己决定，所以没有必要“ 希望带”或“努力带”，故 C、D 不合题意。3. C。carry 在句中意为“携带、运送” ；take 意为“ 带走”；bring 意为“ 带来”。本句意为“他们将运送要卖的东西和在路上要吃的食物” 。下文的第 10、11两题所在的句子也有
36、提示。 4. B。参照第 3 题。5. D。一个小男孩来找这位富人，要求和他们一起走， 故选 the rich man。6. C。参照第 5 题。7. A。富人同意小男孩随行。8. D。此句和上文是转折关系,意为“但是你是我的仆人中最小的、最瘦的、最弱的一个，你不能挑重担”，故选 but。9. C。参照第 8 题。10. A。参照第 8 题。11. B。此句意为“ 你要选择挑最轻的担子 ”， “pick up”意为“ 捡起”，不合文意，故选 choose。12. D。主人看到这个小仆人选择了最重的担子，感到他很“ 愚蠢”，故选foolish。 。 13. B。听了主人的话，小男孩“什么也没说”
37、，而是高兴地挑起了担子。学优中考网 14. C。由于小男孩的聪明， “除了”他自己，其他仆人都累坏了。 15. D。Do you know why? 用在文章最后用来引出原因，告诉读者其中的奥妙。*10Peters job was to examine cars when they crossed the frontier to make sure that they were not smuggling anything into the country. Every evening he would see a factory worker coming _1_ the hill towa
38、rds the frontier, _2_ a bike with a pile of goods of old straw on it. When the bike _3_ the frontier, Peter would stop the man and _4_ him take the straw off and untie it. Then he would examine the straw very _5_ to see _6_ he could find anything, after which he would look in all the mans pockets _7
39、_ he let him tie the straw again. The man would then put it on his bike and go off down the hill with it. Although Peter was always _8_ to find gold or other valuable things _9_ in the straw, he never found _10_. He was sure the man was _11_ something, but he was not _12_ to think out what it could
40、be.Then one evening, after he had looked _13_ the straw and emptied the workers pockets _14_ usual, he _15_ to him, “Listen, I know you are smuggling things _16_ this frontier. Wont you tell me what it is? Im an old man, and todays my last day on the _17_. Tomorrow Im going to _18_. I promise I shal
41、l not tell _19_ if you tell me what youve been smuggling.” The worker did not say anything for _20_. Then he smiled, turned to Peter and said quietly, “Bikes.”1. A. towards B. down C. to D. up2. A. filling B. pulling C. pushing D. carrying3. A. arrived B. appeared C. came D. reached4. A. ask B. orde
42、r C. make D. call5. A. carefully B. quickly C. silently D. horribly6. A. that B. where C. how D. whether7. A. before B. after C. first D. so8. A. lucky B. hoping C. thinking D. wondering9. A. had been B. hidden C. hiding D. have been10. A. nothing B. something C. everything D. anything11. A. taking
43、B. smuggling C. stealing D. pushing12. A. possible B. strong C. able D. clever13. A. through B. thoroughly C. upon D. up14. A. like B. more C. then D. as15. A. told B. cried C. ordered D. said16. A. cross B. past C. across D. into17. A. thing B. work C. job D. duty18. A. rest B. back C. retire D. re
44、treat19. A. everyone B. anyone C. no one D. someone20. A. moment B. long time C. sometime D. some time名师点评这篇完型填空讲述了身为边防检查员的彼得明知一个工厂工人在走私货物却无法抓住对方的把柄。在退休的前一天，彼得恳请其说出真相，结果令彼得恍然大悟。答案简析1D。根据下文这个工人越过边界后，走下山坡，所以到达边界之前应在朝山上走。故选 up。学优中考网 2C。这名工人是在推着一辆装有稻草的自行车，故选动词 pushing。3D。这里表达的是到达边界之意 arrive, come 为不及物动词
45、不可直接接 the frontier，故选 reached。4C。 ask 与 order 后接不定式的复合结构时，动词前应有 to, make 后接不定式的复合结构时，动词前 to 要省去。根据下文应选 make。5A。彼得想发现这个工人在走私什么，所以应仔细地检查。故选carefully。6D。这里根据文意，应选择表示“是否” 之意的 whether 作宾语从句的引导词。7A。根据常理，彼得应先检查这个工人的口袋才能让他捆起稻草走人，故选 before。8B根据文意，彼得心中一直怀着查获走私物品的希望，故选 hoping。9B。这里 things 和 hide 之间是被动关系,现在分词 h
46、iding 作定语时表示主动，所以应用过去分词 hidden 作后置定语表被动。10D。本句中否定词 never 及文意决定了这里应选 anything。11B 。四个选项从语法上讲都可以，只能从文意上进行区分，smuggling 意为“走私”，是正确选项。12C 。固定结构 be able to do sth. 意为“ 能够干某事 ”。13A。习惯用语 look through 意为“彻底检查” 。14D。 “as usual”为固定短语，意为“象平常一样”。15D。tell, order 后面应直接接人作宾语表示告诉某人和命令某人，而用 say应为 say to sb. 故 said 为正确选项。16C 这里应选择一个介词构成介词短语在句中做状语。介词 past 表“经过”；across 强调“ 从一边到另一边”；而 into 表示“进入到里面”。 根据文意 across 应为正确选项。17C 。 “on the job”为一常用短语。意为“执行公务”。18C 。因为今天是彼得最后一天上班说明明天他就要退休 retire。19B 。根据句中否定词 not 及文意应选 anyone。20D。本句说明这个工人回答彼得的问题之前沉默了一会儿。 A 选项应用 a moment； C 选项表示某一点时间 ； D 选项表示一段时间或一会儿，为正确选项。
