1、题型二 完形填空河北中考五年命题规律及趋势年份 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011文体 记叙文 记叙文 记叙文 记叙文 说明文话题 学会享受生 活 助人为乐 的故事介绍父亲乐观的原因及对我的影响成功的原因 介绍了明信片的发展史词数和段落 243 词，7 段式 225 词，6 段式 186 词，4 段式 195 词，3 段式 182 词，3 段式考查点名词、动词及动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、代词、介词等完型填空的文章文体主要为记叙文和说明文，话题包括个人成长和人物经历及感受、英语学习、事物发展史、实物介绍等，短文为 3 段式或 4 段式，词数在 180230 之间。通常首尾句不设
2、空，全文设空均匀，一句话不会设两空。考查点都是动词、名词、形容词和副词等词义辨析，不会涉及对纯语法的考查。而且文中会涉及生词，一般不会超过 3 个，且生词已给出汉语释义。解题方法与技巧完形填空是介于单项选择题和阅读理解题之间的一种题型，旨在考查学生对词汇和语法知识在单句、上下文、语篇等各种具体语境下的综合运用能力，这就要求考生在解题中掌握一些方法、技巧。1速读，初读全文，跳开选项了解信息，初步掌握文章大意，抓住主题。完型填空的首句一般不留空，因此认真阅读短文开头的第一、二句，有利于准确预测和推断短文的主旨大意，不要急于看选项，找答案。应通篇浏览文章，掌握文中的时间、地点、人物及事件。也不要拘泥
3、于个别细节，否则难以达到整体上的把握。2精读。精读细研，初填试选，抓住短文的每段、每句及作者的思想。再读时，可以运用一些方法来全面地审视填空，即常见完形填空的 7 种命题角度：语境推断；词汇复现；生活常识；固定搭配；逻辑推理；推理判断；语法知识(河北近 7 年中考完形填空中并没有涉及过此种命题角度) 。3复读。再次阅读文章，瞻前顾后，反复推敲，检查答案是否符合文章逻辑推理。对于那些不易定夺的选项或单词，可以从前后文和单词的搭配、语义、语法上进行分析推断。即：先看前后搭配是否符合语法；再看上下文意思是否通顺；后看情节是否合理以及是否符合生活常识和文化背景，从而选出正确的答案。填完所有空格以后，还
4、需要进行最后的校核。考试时，校核最好在检查完其他试题之后进行。因为刚做完完形填空题，考生的思路仍留在原来的线上，如稍隔一段时间或做一些其他题目，回头再复读全文，从语感上体会文章是否通顺，校核所填的词是否合理，前后是否连贯，结构是否完整，就可以从另一个角度来观察一切，从而提高答题的准确率。(2015 河北中考)A teacher was giving a talk to his students on stress(压力) management.He raised a glass of water and asked them， “How _1_ do you think this glass
5、of water is？”The students began to think and _2_.Their answers are different，from 20g to 500g.“It does not matter on the real _3_.It depends on how long you hold it.If I hold it for a _4_ ，it is OK.If I hold it for an hour， I will have an ache in my right arm.If I hold it for a day，you will have to
6、call a _5_.It is the exact same weight，but the longer I hold it，the heavier it becomes.What we have to do is to put the glass down，_6_ for a while before holding it up again.”“If we carry our burdens(负担 ) _7_， sooner or later，we will not be able to carry on.The burden will become increasingly heavie
7、r.We have to _8_ the burden every now and then，so that we can be refreshed and are able to carry on.”So _9_ you return home from work tonight，put the burden of work down.Dont carry it back home.You can pick it up tomorrow.Whatever burdens you have，let them down for a moment if you can.And learn to _
8、10_ ourselves.Life is short but amazing.Enjoy it!( )1.A.heavy Bfull Cmuch Dlong( )2.A.read Bwatch Cguess Dlisten( )3.A.glass Bweight Cwater Dheight( )4.A.minute Bnight Cday Dweek( )5.A.mother Bteacher Cdoctor Dfriend( )6.A.rest Bshake Clook Dwork( )7.A.this time Bsome other time Cnext time Dall the
9、time( )8.A.give up Bput down Cpick up D think about( )9.A.after Bsince Cbefore Duntil( )10.A.save Bhelp Ccare Drelax【主旨大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。一位老师用生活中的一个再简单不过的例子，即：用手举起盛水的杯子，由于举的时间不同，我们的胳膊所承受的压力，人的感受也有所不同。从而想到在生活中，我们最好不要把工作中的负担带回家，要会给自己“减负” 。只有这样才能享受生活的美好。1A 【解析】命题角度：逻辑推理 。考查形容词辨析。heavy 重的；full 满的； much 多的；
10、 long 长的。句意：你们认为这杯水有多么_？ 根据下一段第 2 句 Their answers are different，from 20g to 500g.他们的答案从 20 克到 500 克各不相同，可推测这个老师在问水的重量。故选 A。2C 【解析】命题角度：逻辑推理。考查动词辨析。 read 阅读；watch 观察；guess 猜测；listen 听。句意：学生们开始思考并_。根据逻辑常识，思考之后进行猜测。故选 C。3B 【解析】命题角度：词汇复现 。考查名词辨析。glass 玻璃杯；weight 重量；water 水；height 高度。句意：这和真实的没有关系。上一段学生们猜
11、测水的真实重量，所以说和水的重量没关系。故选 B。4A 【解析】命题角度：词汇复现。考查名词用法。句意：如果我握着一_，还好。下两句时间从一小时到一天，依次加长。根据常识比一小时短的时间是一分钟。故选 A。,考点：逻辑推理 方法突破：形容词辨析类的试题通常采用逻辑推理的方法，判断出修饰名词的情况，选出正确的单词。该题中询问杯子中的状况，根据下一段第 2 句 Their answers are different，from 20g to 500g.他们的答案从 20 克到 500克各不相同，可推测这个老师在问水的重量。可迅速找出答案。考点：词汇复现 方法突破：在完型填空中，考查名词词义辨析时，通
12、常使用词汇复现的解题方法，考生不要急于选出答案，须通过上下文的提示，读懂题意，选出正确的答案。5.C 【解析】命题角度：生活常识 。考查名词辨析。 mother 母亲；teacher 老师；doctor 医生；friend 朋友。句意：如果我握住它一天，不得不叫_。根据常识，身体受不了要打电话叫医生。故选 C。6A 【解析】命题角度：逻辑推理。考查动词词义辨析。 rest 休息；shake 摇动；look 看；work 工作。句意：我们能做的是把它放下来，_一会儿，再举起来。放下杯子为了休息一会儿。故选 A。7D 【解析】命题角度：语境推断 。考查固定短语辨析。this time 这次；som
13、e other time 改天 ；next time 下一次； all the time 一直，总是。句意：如果我们迟早_承受负担，我们会坚持不到底。根据上文可知，总是负担重。故选 D。8B 【解析】命题角度：语境推断。考查动词短语用法。 give up 放弃；put down 放下，镇压；pick up 捡起，接走；think about 考虑。句意：我们不得不时常想着_担子，以便我们恢复精神并坚持下去。根据常识，只有把担子放下来，才能恢复精神。故选 B。9C 【解析】命题角度：语境推断。考查连词辨析。 after 在之后；since 自以来；before 在之前；until 到为止。句意：
14、所以今晚从工作回到家之_，放下工作担子。根据下一句不要把工作负担带回家可知，这个老师建议每人回家前放下担子。故选 C。10D 【解析】命题角度：逻辑推理。考查动词词义辨析。save 节省，挽救；help 帮助；care 照顾，关爱；relax 放松。句意：并学会_我们自己。根据上句无论我们有什么负担，如果可能，把它们放一下。可见这里是放松自己。故选 D。,考点：生活常识 方法突破：做此类题目时，应该联系生活实际和常识，然后做出正确的判断。本题中告诉我们握住杯子一天，因此我们由常识判断应该去叫医生。考点：语境推断 方法突破：语境推断类题在完型填空中是最常见的，考生首先要弄清楚主人公身份、所处环境
15、等，进而理解语境，体验语境。在本题中，we will not be able to carry on 是明显的语境，告诉我们如果总是承受负担，我们会坚持不到底。河北 2016 考点集训(一)话题 1 英语学习Group 1(2016 原创预测)英语学习的方法In the past few years I have had many difficulties while trying to learn English，but I have got over(克服) them and made a lot of _1_.The spelling of words and the meanings
16、of them were the first difficulties I met _2_ a beginner，but I have found my own ways to _3_ them.As for spelling，I never write a new word over and over again to memorize it，but I try to practice its _4_.Now，I can spell a word out _5_ I read it out.As for meanings，I like to put a word into a _6_ to
17、learn its meaning.If I use a word quite _7_，both its spelling and meanings will not be that difficult to remember.After all(毕竟 )，learning English is to _8_ it.Grammar is _9_ difficulty.But I have dealt with it，too.I read few grammar books.Instead，I often _10_ lots of time reading the articles writte
18、n by native English speakers.By doing so，I have got a good sense(感觉) of English.Finally，I want to say that learning English takes time and hard work.( )1.A.hope BtimeCprogress Dmoney( )2.A.with BtoCfor Das( )3.A.agree with Bdeal withCbegin with Dtalk with( )4.A.name BletterCgrammar Dpronunciation( )
19、5.A.when BthoughCunless Dbecause( )6.A.dictionary BbookCsentence Dnote( )7.A.always BhardlyCsometimes Doften( )8.A.solve BuseCexplain Dface( )9.A.another BotherCothers Dthe other( )10.A.take BspendCgive DcostGroup 2(2016 原创预测)英语学习的方法I have taught English in China for over six years.I think Chinese s
20、tudents work very _1_，but the way in which they learn isnt the best.Students should use what they _2_ know.A lot of students seem to think they always need to know _3_ words or phrases， and then they will be able to _4_ what they want to say.Most of the time they dont.A lot of Chinese students have
21、spent a long，long time learning English，_5_ they havent spent a long time trying to use it.You dont need to _6_ to use English.You can find _7_ that you like on the Internet in English，basketball，chess ， dogsI have met a lot of people from Europe who have very good English.They didnt spend hours _8_
22、 text books，and they didnt all go to the best schools.They think English as a tool for having fun and doing business，not just for exams.I suggest students should spend more time using their English for _9_，listening to music， watching movies，reading the news or whatever else they _10_ to do.They wil
23、l improve in this way.( )1.A.easily BquicklyCloudly Dhard( )2.A.always BneverCyet Dalready( )3.A.other BanotherCothers Dthe other( )4.A.tell BspeakCtalk Dsay( )5.A.and BbutCso Dor( )6.A.go abroad Bgo outCgo to college Dgo away( )7.A.none BanythingCa lot of Dnothing( )8.A.to learn fromBlearning fromC
24、learning aboutDto learn about( )9.A.fun BinterestCbusiness Dexamination( )10.A.practice BlikeChate Denjoy话题 2 事物介绍Group 3(2015 呼和浩特中考)玩游戏For most children，the most useful way of spending their time is playing a game.It doesnt matter _1_ the game is.Things become better when they need a(n) _2_ to pla
25、y with.On the one hand，it is quite _3_ for the development of a childs personality(个性) to win and to _4_ the best ways to get that.On the other hand，if a child only cares about _5_，then for him，playing a game is funny only when he wins.Or if he finds a better partner，he will get _6_ and he doesnt wa
26、nt to go on playing.Its parents _7_ to make their children know that：you cant always win and there are many unpleasant moments _8_ when you have to learn how to lose.The idea is to compete，to prove you are good，not only to win.In a word，playing a game is not funny only when you win.It is funny _9_ y
27、ou enjoy it and try your best to win.If you are just a little bit unlucky，dont _10_ a lot.You will surely prove your abilities some other day.( )1.A.how BwhyCwhat Dwhen( )2.A.owner BworkerCstudent Dpartner( )3.A.useful BsimpleCcorrect Dspecial( )4.A.pay attention to Btake pride inCjump out of Dthink
28、 of( )5.A.playing BstudyingCwinning Dlosing( )6.A.unhappy BlonelyCrelaxed Dexcited( )7.A.rule BdutyCplan Dhabit( )8.A.in life Bin the futureCin fact Din the way( )9.A.or BandCwhen D before( )10.A.worry BbelieveCwish DimagineGroup 4(2015 苏州中考)吸烟的危害Few people like changing their habits，good or bad.Whe
29、ther it is smoking，drinking or overeating，they _1_ “enjoying” them to the end.On every packet of cigarettes(香烟)，people are warned against the _2_ of smoking：“Warning ：Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health”. _3_，millions of them start smoking or go on smoking.Why?Facts show that families and
30、surroundings(环境) play a very important part in _4_ smokers.All those smokers come from smoking families or have smoking _5_ or relatives.Films and TV plays also play a part.People _6_ their “heroes” on TV drinking alcohol(酒) or smoking cigarettes.“Heroes” seem to fear _7_，neither killing themselves
31、nor killing others with alcohol and cigarettes.If they are not afraid of the harm of smoking and drinking，_8_ should common people be afraid?The simple warning on the cigarette packet does not influence smokers habits.Even _9_ warnings，like showing pictures of smokers who have died of cancer，dont se
32、em to work.Knowing and believing seem to be two _10_ things.If smoking is really as harmful as doctors say，it is time for smokers to think about it and try to give it up!( )1.A.stop BcontinueCfinish Davoid( )2.A.chances BexcusesCcauses D dangers( )3.A.Moreover BAlsoCHowever DOtherwise( )4.A.influenc
33、ing BexplainingCimproving Ddescribing( )5.A.parents BunclesCbrothers Dfriends( )6.A.hear BcatchCwatch Dface( )7.A.something BnothingCanything Deverything( )8.A.what BhowCwhen D why( )9.A.stronger BworseClonger Dharder( )10.A.similar BpleasantCdifferent Dboring话题 3 实物介绍Group 5(2015 保定中考调研)蛀书虫Bookworm
34、 are worms(蠕虫) living on books.The worms bite pages and do harm to books.But sometimes，bookworms mean a particular group of _1_.These people like _2_ very much and nothing else will _3_ them more than books.They are also living on books.Bookworms often have their noses _4_ a book and keep reading fo
35、r hours.They may hold a book in their hands when doing some _5_ things.We can find people reading _6_ they are walking in a street or traveling on a bus，so most bookworms have to wear glasses because of _7_ sight(视力)For them，reading is the greatest _8_ in the world.But nowadays，there are fewer and f
36、ewer bookworms among us.With the development of the Internet，most people would like to _9_ their spare hours on the Internet.As bookworms are dying out from our world，more and more people are becoming net worms.They _10_ the net and dont like outdoor activities.Who knows what worms will appear in th
37、e future?( )1.A.students BpeopleCcomputers Dexperiences( )2.A.playing BtalkingCwriting Dreading( )3.A.interest BattendCavoid Dstop( )4.A.beside BinCto Dunder( )5.A.another BothersCother Dthe other( )6.A.if BwhileCbecause Dsince( )7.A.short BlongCfar Dgood( )8.A.purpose BtroubleCpleasure Dimagination
38、( )9.A.cost BpayCtake Dspend( )10.A.hold on Blive onCfeed on Dtry onGroup 6(2015 邯郸中考模拟)新型感应器A British student has a new invention.It can make children do more _1_ and also reduce the time they spend in watching TV every day.The technology is _2_ “Squareeyes”It is a little sensor(感应器) and it is put
39、in childrens _3_.It can count the number of steps taken by a child during the day and _4_ this information to the family computer.Software then tells the _5_ how many hours of TV he or she can watch that evening.One hundred steps are equal to(等于) one minute of TV. _6_ children use up all of their TV
40、 time，they have to do more walking.The inventor，Gillian Swan， says， “This will _7_ children to make exercise part of their daily life at an early age.” She said that ten years ago，children were _8_ because they often played outside _9_ their friends，while todays children _10_ too much time in front
41、of the TV and dont exercise.This means that todays children have weight problems and become fat.( )1.A.practices BstudiesCgames Dexercise( )2.A.watched BnamedCreplied Dmade( )3.A.shoes BglassesChats Dcoats( )4.A.write BencourageCread Dsend( )5.A.child BstudentCwoman Dteacher( )6.A.Unless BIfCAlthoug
42、h DWhile( )7.A.agree BallowChelp Dset( )8.A.cheaper BcleanerChealthier Dclearer( )9.A.for BbyCwith Don( )10.A.spend BtakeCcost DuseGroup 7(2015 石家庄桥东区一模)手机用途As mobile phones are _1_ becoming more common around the world，they have more and more new functions.People now use mobile phones as a “second
43、Internet”Users at present can use _2_ mobile phones to book(预定 ) concert and airline _3_ and do their banking.Some cell phones can also work as a wallet.A phone with a camera on the back appeared in 2000，which has been popular with people in their teens and twenties ever since.It has even _4_ the wa
44、y people communicate.Many people now take _5_ whenever they want to.They can not only tell their friends where they are，but also they can show the taken pictures to them by email. _6_ email， often with pictures and video(视频) is now a more popular means of communication than just talking on the phone
45、.Other functions(功能) that many _7_ enjoy include simple games and ring tones，including popular music.Users can choose song or some other should as a ring tone to know who is falling them.The Year 2003 saw what have been called thirdgeneration mobile phones.They can _8_ TV broadcasts.So _9_ kinds of
46、mobile phones will appear in the future? Many people expect that phones will continue to become small enough to be _10_ as a watch.( )1.A.slowly BsilentlyCquietly Drapidly( )2.A.his BtheirCmy Dher( )3.A.novels BsongsCplaces Dtickets( )4.A.kept BchangedCbecome Dlost( )5.A.photos BnotesCmessages Dvide
47、os( )6.A.Writing BSendingCChecking DReading( )7.A.students BteachersCworkers Dusers( )8.A.hear BwatchCreceive Dget( )9.A.how BwhatCwhich Dwhere( )10.A.worn BdressedChad Dwent,河北 2016 考点集训(二)话题 4 人物经历及感受Group 8(2015 石家庄路北区二模)Mr.Jones，the manager of a large company，was worried.His _1_ was missing.Before he went for a meeting this morning，he had _2_ an envelope with five hundred dollars in it on his desk.When he returned to his office _3_，the envelope was gone.As Mr.Jones always locks his office when he leaves，_4_ could have entered
