1、八年级(上) Units 78中考基础知识梳理类别 课标考点要求词汇攻关1.pollute(名词)_2peace(形容词 )_3inside ( 反义词)_4celebrate(名词)_5 possible(反义词)_6hole(同音词)_7travel(名词) 旅行者_8.fill( 形容词 )_9paper(形近词) 甜椒_10salt( 形容词)_11traditional(名词)_12believe(形容词)_( 形容词的反义词)_短语归纳1.参与( 某事)_2未来，将来_3太空站_4多次，反复地_5醒来，唤醒_6不同意_7突然倒下，跌倒，倒塌_8.寻找，寻求_9奶昔_10接通，打开_
2、11把倒入_12取出，拿出_13一片(块，张)_14用装满_句型再现1.“100 年后人们还会使用钱吗？”“不会。一切都是免费的。 ”_ people _ money _？No，_ Everything will _2 “人们会活到 200 岁吗？”“会。 ”Will people _ 200 years old?Yes，_3每一个人都应当尽一份力来拯救地球。Everyone should _ the earth.4 “世界会和平吗？”“会的，我希望如此。 ”_world peace?For example，scientist James White thinks that robots wi
3、ll never _ and know where they are.7一些看上去像人，其他的一些可能看上去像动物。_ will look like humans，and _ might look like animals.8你是如何做香蕉奶昔的？_ a banana milk shake?9我们需要多少苹果？_ do we need?10然后加入卷心菜、西红柿和洋葱，再煮上 10 分钟。Then，add the cabbage，tomatoes and onion and _11你知道如何种树吗？Yes，_5现在已经有机器人在工厂工作了。Today _ in factories.6例如，科学
4、家詹姆斯怀特认为机器人将决不会醒来和知道它们在哪里。Do you know _？12现在，到了享受米线的时候了！Now，_ the rice noodles！语法结构1.一般将来时。2可数名词和不可数名词。话题1.Entertainment(娱乐)2Life Goals(生活目标)3Life in the Future(未来的生活)河北五年中考真题演练词汇类1(2011 河北 82 题)They have invited a _(science) to give them a speech on space.( )2.(2013 河北 29 题)Jason likes the _of the
5、cake.It is a heart.Acolor Bsize Csmell Dshape( )3.(2011 河北 30 题)Cici enjoys dancing.Its one of her _Aprize Bprizes Chobby Dhobbies动词的时态( )4.(2014 河北 39 题)Im busy now.I _to you after school this afternoon.Atalk BtalkedCwill talk Dhave talked( )5.(2013 河北 33 题)We have no more vegetables in the fridge.
6、I _and buy some.Ago BwentCwill go Dwas going( )6.My sister wants a new dress.She _it to the party.Awears Bhas wornCwore D is going to wear( )7.(2015 河北 31 题)I _the shops.Can I get you anything?Ago to Bwent to Chave gone to Dam going to河北中考重难点突破sure adv. 当然；肯定；一定【考点抢测】1我父母想让我当一名医生，但是我不确定。My parents w
7、ant me to be a doctor，but Im not _ _ that.2他一定会来参加我们的聚会的。He _ _ _ come to our party.3当你离开时务必关上灯。_ _ turn off the lights when you leave.( )4.(2015 石家庄 28 中模拟)There arent many tickets left for the concert，youd better _ that you get one today.Amake sure of B make a decisionCmake sure Dmake plans【满分点拨】s
8、ure 的有关搭配be sure of/about“确信” “对有把握” ，在接名词时，be sure of 侧重指主语对某抽象事物的确信无疑；而 be sure about 则侧重指主语对某具体事物确信无疑。be sure to do “一定；肯定” ，表示说话人对句子主语作出的判断；若用在祈使句中，不是表示判断，而是表示对对方的要求，意为“务必要” “一定要” 。be sure从句 “肯定；有把握” ，主语是人，表示主句主语对宾语从句中涉及的事物所 作出的判断。make sure “确保；查明” ，其后可跟 that(可省略)引导的宾语从句、动词不定式或者 of 短语。be able to
9、 能够做【考点抢测】 can be able to5Somebody is knocking at the door.Who _ it be?6Ill _ drive the car in a few months.( )7.(2015 兰州中考)Finish your homework first，then youll _ surf the Internet for half an hour.Acan BneedCbe able to Dmay【满分点拨】be able to 与 can 的异同异时态 can 只有两种时态，即一般现在时和一般过去时，而 be able to 可以用于各种时态
10、。数 be able to 有人称和数的变化，而 can 没有人称和数的变化，后跟动词原形。用法 can 除表示“能力”外，还可以表示请求、许可或猜测，而 be able to 则不可以。同 表示“能力”时，两者同义，可以互换。promise n承诺；诺言 v许诺；承诺【考点抢测】8它是一种许诺。Its a kind of _.9他承诺按时完成这项工作。He _ _ _ the work on time.( )10.(2015 石家庄 42 中模拟)A true man should keep_his_word and be honest.Abreak his wordBkeep his pr
11、omiseCclose his mouth【满分点拨】promisemake a promise答 应 ；许 诺keep/break a promise遵 守 /违 背 诺 言promise（not） to do sth.答 应 /允 诺 （不 ）做 某 事 )take up( 尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做【考点抢测】11我想在假期学习绘画。I want to _ _ painting during holiday.12这项工作将占去我很多时间。This work will _ _a lot of my time.( )13.(2015 随州中考)Which hobby do you think
12、 _ the least time?Collecting stamps.Atakes up Bputs upCgives up Dmakes up【满分点拨】(1)take up 意为“开始做；学着做” 。When did you take up music？你什么时候开始学音乐？(2)take up 还可以意为“占用” 。This chair takes up too much room.这张椅子占地方太多。【归纳拓展】take 的常见短语in one hundred years 一百年之后【考点抢测】14一百年之后人们还会使用钱吗？_ people _ money in 100 years
13、?15他多久之后回来？_ _ will he come back?两天之后。In two days.【满分点拨】(1)in一段时间，意为“之后” ，表示以现在时间为起点的“一段时间之内(之后)” ，常用于一般将来时。(2)对“in一段时间”提问，用 how soon。in/after 的不同in 用来表示以现在为起点的将来某一段时间之后，后接时间段，常用于将来时。after 既可接时间点又可接时间段，用于将来时或过去时。辨析 expect，wish，hope 与 look forward to【考点抢测】 expect wish hope look forward to16When I was
14、 young，I _I were a bird in the sky or a fish in the river.17Tony _to arrive at 7 oclock this evening.18Jenny _hearing from her pen pal in Germany.19Teenagers _their parents can understand them as well as their friends.20Bob，we are moving this weekend.Congratulations！I _you happiness in your new flat
15、.( )21.(2015 烟台中考)We havent seen each other for a long time.I am looking forward _her this weekend.Ato meet Bto be metCmeeting Dto meeting【满分点拨】1expect 的用法：(1)表示“期待；期望” ，通常为及物动词，后接动词时要用不定式。如：We should not expect success overnight.我们不能期望一夜之间就取得成功。I didnt expect to find you here.我没料到在这里碰到你。He expected
16、 her to go with him.他期望她同他一起去。(2)expect 还可表示“预计；预料”等。如：I expect a storm.我预计会有场暴风雨。I expect that I will be back on Sunday.我预计星期日回来。2wish 意为“希望，想要，但愿” ，常常表达一种虚拟语气，指“想要不可能的事情”或“也许可能，但是跟实际有差异” 。后常跟代词、名词或不定式作宾语。wish 跟从句时，常用虚拟语气。也可用于祝贺语中。如：I wish to see the manager.我想见到那个经理。I wish him to look at this.我希望他
17、能够看看这个。I wish I had more money.我希望我有更多的钱。I wish you a pleasant journey！祝你旅途愉快！3hope 意为“希望” ，指相信有可能达到或实现的愿望，后常接动词不定式或 that 从句。如：I hope to go to America next month.我希望下个月去美国。I hope that they get here soon.我希望他们能尽快到这里。4look forward to(to 是介词)意为“盼望，期待” ，其后常接名词、代词或动名词，不能接动词不定式。如：Im looking forward to the
18、 holidays.我期望着假期。I look forward to hearing from you.我期望收到你的来信。hundreds of 许多；大量【考点抢测】( )22.(2015 沧州 8 中模拟) How soon will his father come back from London?_ a week.ASince BInCAt DOn23The volunteers sent _ (hundred) of books to a mountain village school on Childrens Day.24Two _(hundred) volunteers wil
19、l give out leaflets to ask people to protect the wetlands.( )25.(2015 东营中考)When he arrived at the airport，Lee Minho found that _ fans were waiting for him there.Ahundred BhundredsChundred of Dhundreds of【满分点拨】确数与约数的表达(1)hundred，thousand，million ，billion 等数词，前面有具体的数字修饰，表示确数，其后不加s，不和 of 连用。(2)若表示一个约数，
20、前面没有具体数字时，其后要加s ，而且与 of 连用。agree 的用法【考点抢测】 to with on26My mother agreed _buy a new pen for me yesterday.27Im afraid I couldnt agree _you on this point.28The two sides didnt agree _the date of the meeting.29My parents have no ideas about our vacation，so they have to agree _my plan.30你同意还是反对他们的安排？Do y
21、ou _or _ _their arrangement?【满分点拨】词组 用法 例句agreewith表示同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等(即持同一观点)。I quite agree with you.我完全同意你的意见。表示“( 食物、天气、工作等)对适宜” 。The food does not agree with me.这食物对我不适合。表示“与一致” 。 His story agrees with the facts.他的陈述与事实相符。agree toagree to某些名词，表示同意某事。 He agreed to the plan.他同意了这个计划。agree to动词原
22、形，表示同意做某事。 We agreed to leave early.我们同意早点出发。agree on主要指双方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议。Both sides agreed on these terms.双方就这些条件达成共识。agree on动名词agree to动词原形 He agreed on helping us.He agreed to help us.他同意帮助我们。Do you think there will be robots in peoples homes？你认为人们家里将会有机器人吗？【考点抢测】( )31.(2015 张家口 9 中模拟)There _ a
23、 sports meeting in our school next week.Awill have Bis going to haveCare going to be Dis going to be( )32.(2015 凉山中考)_ any students in the classroom when the earthquake happened?Yes， but they have been saved.AThere were BWas thereCThere are DWere there【满分点拨】(1)本句是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句，Do you think 是主句，ther
24、e will be是宾语从句。(2)there will be 意为“将有；会有” ，是 there be 句型的一般将来时，其否定形式是 there wont be，一般疑问句形式是 will there be？有时可以与 There is/are going to be互相转换。【温馨提示】(1)如果 do you think 放在句中，则为插入语，常放在疑问词之后，结构为：疑问词do you think主语谓语其他成分？What time do you think the train will arrive here?你认为火车什么时间到达这里？(2)there be 句型的一个重要用法
25、是“就近原则” ，即谓语动词 be 和最靠近的名词在数上保持一致。There is a book and two rulers on the desk.桌子上有一本书和两把尺子。There are two rulers and a book on the desk.桌子上有两把尺子和一本书。常考话题写作指导未来的生活写作导图从全国近五年未来的生活相关话题书面表达的命题来看，通常有以下几个角度的内容：1谈谈短期一年内的生活变化和打算。2规划人生，成就未来，作为中学生首先要有梦想，对未来要有期待，并为了这个梦想努力坚守，才能梦想成真。3时代在变化，生活也在变，未来的生活是什么样子呢？结合河北考情，
26、可以预测第一种考查角度几率更大。life in the futureshort plan the change of life；the expectation for study and life；the effort you will do forlonger plan：dream your dream；why；how to achieve the dream；the expectationthe changes in the future life the life style；the reason why this changes happen；the expectation)亮点句型速
27、成常用句型：I have a dream.I want to be a teacher.推荐句型：I have a dream that I can be a teacher.To be a teacher is my dream.I hope that I can be a teacher.(一)开头句1What do you think the world will be like in 100 years?2What will the happy life be like?(二)中间句3Im sure that I can be a teacher.4I should study har
28、d from now on.5Everyone has a dream.6We can do shopping and see doctors without leaving home.7Time goes by.8Perhaps I will be a singer someday.9How time flies!10Im going to be a pilot in ten years.11It will be exciting that intelligent robots can do what is required for us at home.12Good beginning i
29、s half done.13We never know what will happen in the future.(三)结尾句14As long as we work hard，we will 写作模板Its exciting to imagine 未来生活的样子At this time next year，I will be a senior high school student，and I will 交很多好朋友I hope to be 对自己的期望 so that perhaps I will be 如何学习提高英语成绩It will be 非常令人兴奋的 to do so.Wha
30、ts more，I will 生活上的变化和成长 and know how to take care of myself when I am alone.典例剖析Write at least 60 words about the topic“This time next year” (以“明年此时”为题，写一篇不少于 60 词的短文)你是否想象过，明年此时，你的生活会发生怎样的变化？你对自己或他人有怎样的期待？你能为此做些什么？(注意：短文中不得出现任何人名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。)The following sentence patterns are for reference
31、only.(以下句型仅供参考 )I hope to/I hope thatPerhaps I will It will be exciting/necessary/terrible to【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，可以看出文章需要从以下三个方面来写：1明年生活的变化，包括生活上和学习上；2对自己或他人学习和生活的期望；3为此美好的生活所做的努力。全文是对明年生活的描述所以应用一般将来时态，词数应不少于 60 词，不得出现真实姓名、校名及其他相关信息。【范文点评】This time next yearLife is changeable，and thats_why_everyone _lon
32、gs_for_the_future，which_is _full_of_challenges_as_well_as_hopes.Perhaps I will have achieved my goal this time next year，studying_in_a_senior_high_school.Despite_that，diligence_will_be_still_needed_to_make_myself_go_further_in_English.Basically，it is important to concentrate in class and take notes
33、carefully.Then，I will benefit from reading English books.What is more， going abroad is of great use in improving my oral English.Only_in _this_way_can_I_make_progress_in_English_endlessly. Make_plans_and_go_ for_what_I_want.And I believe when the challenge is coming，the hope is also around the corne
34、r.文章一开头就使用了一个长难句点明主题，引出下文。why 引导的表语从句和 which 引导的非限制性定语从句开篇点题，抓住了阅卷老师的眼球，增分不少。此句为 v.ing 形式作伴随状语。非谓语动词的使用显示了作者扎实的语法知识和语言运用能力，为短文增色亮点之一。Despite that 替代常见的 although，彰显出作者丰富的词汇量。 Only 置于句首句子要用倒装结构，显示出作者扎实的语法知识和语言运用能力。以祈使句再次点题，对应开头，首尾呼应。且再次使用 what 引导的宾语从句使文章更加完美，提升了作文档次。河北中考考点精练.单项选择。( )1. (2015 青岛中考) Yes
35、terday Lucy told us such good _ that we were all amazed at it.Anews Bideas Csuggestion Danswer ( )2. (2015 苏州中考) Has Jane done the washing yet? You cannot _ her to do such a thing.Awant Bhope Cexpect D wish( )3.(2015 广东中考) Bob knows how to cut the cost of the project. Im sure he can do the work with
36、 _money and _ people.Aless; less Bfewer; more Cmore; fewer Dless; fewer( )4. (2015 汕尾中考) If people have problems, you should keep them to _ and ask for help.Aourselves Byourselves Cthemselves Ditself( )5. (2015 温州中考)Have you watched the new movie Jurassic World, Steven? Not yet. I _ it with my cousi
37、n this evening. Awill watch Bwas watching Cwatched Dhave watched ( )6. (2015 邢台一模) I will travel to Mount Tai. Could you tell me something about it? Let me help you _ the information about it.Afind Blook at Cfind out Dknow( )7. (2015 石家庄新华区模拟)Mo Yan is one of _ writers in the world.Afamous Bmore fam
38、ous Cmost famous Dthe most famous( )8. (2014 张家口 9 中模拟)If a robot teacher _ in your classroom, what do you think of it?Ashares Bappears Cbreaks Dwins ( )9. (2015 沧州 13 中模拟) I wont have time to go shopping with you this afternoon. But you _ me yesterday. Aknew Bforgot Cpromised Dremembered ( )10. (20
39、16 原创预测) How soon will his father come back from London? _ a week. ASince BIn CAt DOn .(2016 原创预测)完形填空。When my son, Haley, was nine years old, he was having a terrible time in school. He would cry when the teacher asked him to _1_. He would even hide under the table in order not to do his homework.T
40、hen we took Haley to a hospital and _2_ he had dyslexia(读写困难)He _3_ getting help at school and learning ways to read better.At the same time, I tried to do _4_ for him at home. I began to tell him _5_When I ran out of stories, Haley asked _6_ to make up a new one.After I told Haley the story I made
41、up, he asked me to write it down.Up to now, I have written five books and Haley has grown up. Haley has become a _7_ good student and a great reader. It wasnt easy, but I think my son is a hero!Just this year, Haley decided that he wanted to be a(n) _8_ like me. He came into my office a few weeks ag
42、o and told me that his own manuscript(手稿) was 500 pages long.That was pretty amazing for a person who didnt want to read when he was very _9_. Ive learned from this that kids with dyslexia _10_be great readers and great writers if they are given the proper help.( )1.A.sing Bdance Cread Drun( )2. Afo
43、und out B put outCthought up Dmade up( )3. Astopped Bimagined Cstarted Dsuggested ( )4. Anothing BsomethingCeverything Danything( )5. Ajokes B storiesCnews Ddecisions( )6. Aher Bhim Cus Dme( )7. Apolitely B reallyChardly Dmainly( )8. Awriter B artistCsoldier Ddoctor( )9. Acomplete B young Cpatient D
44、healthy ( )10. Amust Bneed Cshould Dcan.(2015 泰州中考)阅读理解。One day I got in a taxi, and we left for the airport. We were driving in the right lane(车道)when, suddenly, a black car jumped out of a parking space right in front of us. My taxi driver stopped his car at once. The tire(轮胎) made a very loud noi
45、se, and at the very last moment our car stopped just one inch from the back of the other car.I was frightened.But then I couldnt believe what happened next. The driver of the other car, the guy who almost caused a big accident, turned his head and started yelling at us. I couldnt believe it! But my taxi driver just smiled at the guy. So I asked, “Why did you just do that? This guy almost sent us to hospital. ”This is when my taxi driver taught me what I now call “The Law
