1、专题二 代词,遵义中考五年命题规律及趋势考纲要求1.人称代词 2.物主代词 3.反身代词 4.指示代词 5.不定代词 (some, any,no) 6.疑问代词考查点 年份 题号 考查角度 选项设置 分值人称物主与反身代词201678 形容词性物主 代词 hehis 1分83 形容词性物主 代词 they their 1分201529 形容词性和名词性物主代词mine;your/my;yours/mine;yours1分82 反身代词 ititself 1分201433 形容词性和名词性物主代词your;Mine/your;My/your;My1分77 反身代词 hehimself 1分201
2、335 人称代词宾格 me/my/mine 1分99 名词性物主代 词 weours 1分2012 84 形容词性物主 代词 himhis 1分不定代词与指示代词201623 指示代词 is/this/that 1分28 复合不定代词everything/nothing/something1分201529 不定代词other/the others/the other1分36 复合不定代词somebody/everybody/nobody1.5分2014 41 不定代词 the_other/others/another 1.5分2013 50 复合不定代词 Anything/Nothing/Ev
3、erythi 1.5分ng201232 不定代词 Either/Both/All 1分85 复合不定代词wrong somethingsomething_wrong1分87 复合不定代词 everythingnothing 1分疑问代词2015 42 疑问代词 when/what/why 1.5分分析遵义近5年中考真题可以看出代词是遵义中考近5年的必考点。在单项选择中一般设置12题试题,其中必有一道人称代词或物主代词的考查,另外一道轮流考查不定代词和指示代词。不定代词的考查点偏向指物的不定代词something/nothing/anything/everything的考查,也会涉及普通不定代词
4、 both/none/other/either的考查。另外,完形填空中也会涉及不定代词和疑问代词的辨析。对人称代词与物主代词的考查可以分为以下几种情况:(1)物主代词:考查的三个选项均设置为同一人称的不同形式,且偏向第一人称和第二人称,注重形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词与人称代词的混合辨析。做此类题时,学生应首先判断句中所缺成分和人称,若其后紧跟名词,则为形容词性物主代词;若其后无名词,而是紧跟介词of 或与名词词组并列,则为名词性物主代词。 (2)人称代词:主要考查宾格形式,位于介词后或固定结构中。如:introduce sb.to sb.(把某人介绍给某人)。(3)反身代词和指示代词:重
5、点在于基本的词义辨析。另外,完形填空中也会涉及代词的辨析,学生应联系上下文判断所指人称或所指事物的类别。语篇填空、单词拼写及改错,偶尔也会涉及人称代词、物主代词、不定代词的运用。预计2017年遵义中考的单项选择题会考查一道人称代词与物主代词的辨析和一道不定代词的辨析。,遵义中考重难点突破代词人称代词主格(I,you,she 等)宾格(me ,you, her等)物主代词形容词性物主代词(my,your等)名词性物主代词(mine,yours等)反身代词(myself ,yourself,themselves等)指示代词(this,that,these,those等)相互代词(each othe
6、r 和one another)疑问代词(构成特殊疑问句: who,what等)不定代词普通不定代词(some,any,few 等)复合不定代词(anyone,nothing等)连接代词(引导宾语从句:who,what等)关系代词(引导定语从句:who,whose等)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词【满分点拨】一、人称代词人称代词有主格和宾格之分,主格在句中作主语和表语;宾格作动词或介词的宾语,也可作表语。人称代词的人称、数和格的变化人称单数 复数主格 宾格 主格 宾格第一人称 I me we us第二人称 you you you you第三人称he himshe herit itthey them
7、二、物主代词物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词一般用于名词前修饰名词;而名词性物主代词本身就具有名词的性质,相当于“形容词性物主代词名词”。如:This is my red schoolbag.This red schoolbag is mine.这个红色的书包是我的物主代词具体分类人称 数 形容词性物主代词 名词性物 主代词第一人称单数形式 my mine复数形式 our ours第二人称单数形式 your yours复数形式 your yours第三人称单数形式his hisher hersits its复数形式 their theirs三、反身代词1反身代词的
8、单复数形式数人称 单数 复数第一人称 myself我自己 ourselves我们自己第二人称 yourself你自己 yourselves你们自己第三人称himself他自己herself她自己itself它自己themselves他们自己她们自己它们自己2反身代词的用法I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party.(作宾语)The children made model planes themselves.(作同位语)That poor boy was myself.(作表语 )【考点抢测】一、单项选择。( C )1.(2016济宁中考改编 )Wh
9、at a nice model plane!Thanks.I made it with 3D printer by _.Ame Bhim Cmyself( C )2.(2016重庆 B卷改编)To my surprise,he sold_ house at such a low price.Ahe Bhim Chis( C )3.(2016福州中考 )I cant find my eraser.May I use _?Of course.Ayou Byour Cyours( A )4.My daughter is a great fan of Justin._ has most of Just
10、ins CDs.AShe BHer CHe( C )5.It is a good habit of _ to read a few lines before going to bed.Ame B my Cmine二、单词拼写。6(2016包头中考)For more information,call 8008103245,please.Pardon _me_(I)!Could you please repeat the phone number?7We must protect plants.They are friends of _ours_(we)8Many people think Pen
11、g Liyuan is the most beautiful First Lady.And _her_(she) songs are also wellknown.9Kitty is the name of my pet._Its_(it) nose is very funny.10Its very important for us to learn how to learn by _ourselves_(we)不定代词【满分点拨】不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词,兼有名词和形容词的功能,在句子中主要用作主语、宾语、表语或定语。不定代词分为普通不定代词和复合不定代词。一、普通不定代词1
12、初中阶段常见的普通不定代词some,any few, little other,anothermany,much either,neithereach,every both,all none,one2.常考的几组易混不定代词辨析(1)both,either与neither不定代词 用法 例句both 表示“两者都”。 Toms parents are both doctors.either 表示“两者中的任何一个”,作主语时谓语动词用单数。 Either of the books is interesting.neither 表示“两者都不”,作主语时 谓语动词用单数。 Neither of
13、his friends has come yet.(2)all,any 与none相同点 均用于三个或三个以上的人或物不同点all 指“ 三个或三个以上的人或物”作主语时,谓语动词用复数,其反义词为none 。any 指“三个或三个以上的人或物中的任意一个”,只能作定语。none 指 “三个或三个以上的人或物中没有一个”(全否定),相当于not any。注意:no one用来指人,不能接of短语,当它作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。none不仅指人也可以指物,其后常跟of短语。none代替不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单复数均可。如:None of th
14、e information is correct.信息都不正确。None of the soldiers are(is) afraid of difficulties.战士们都不怕困难few, a few和little,a littleThe problem is too difficult.Few students can work it out.这道题太难了。没几个学生能做出来。She says little but does much.她说得少,做得多。each与 every单词 用法及意义 例句each指两者或两者以上的人或事物中的每一个;意为“每个;各自的”,强调个体。There a
15、re trees and flowers on each side of the street.街道的每一边都有树和花。every强调整体,表示“每个都”;指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的每一个。Every student has read a poem.每个学生都读了一首诗。二、复合不定代词复合不定代词一直是遵义中考的常考点,学生对此要熟练掌握。常见的复合不定代词:somebody(某人)anybody(任何人)nobody(没有人)everybody(每人)someone(某人)anyone(任何人)no one(没有人)everyone(每人)something(某事)anything(任
16、何事)nothing(没有东西)everything(每一件事)1.由some 构成的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中,也可用于建议或请求的疑问句中,表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答。2由any构成的复合不定代词通常用于否定句和疑问句中。3复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语,不能作定语。作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。4当形容词或else(另外)修饰复合不定代词时,形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。【考点抢测】( C )1.(2016南充中考 )I have two soccer balls,what about you?Oh,I dont have _.Asome Bno Cany( B )
17、2.(2016齐齐哈尔中考) Who was hurt in the traffic accident?_.ANone BNo one CNothing( B )3.(2016阜康中考)Old Mr.Black lives happily with his three dogs._ of them are part of his family.ABoth BAll CNone( A )4.(2016南京中考改编 )Helen is new here,so we know _ about her.Anothing Bsomething Canything( A )5.The girl in pu
18、rple is new here,so _ people know her.Afew Ba few Clittle( C )6._ of the computers are working because of the power failure.AAll BBoth CNone( A )7._ is waiting for you at the gate.He wants to say thanks to you.ASomebody BAnybodyCEverybody( A )8.Do you think _ of the students can take part in the Mar
19、athon Skating?Certainly they can.In fact,they make good use of _ skating lesson.Aeach ;every B every ;eachCeach;all( A )9.They are able to talk openly to one another whenever _ of them feels hurt.Aeither Bboth Cneither( C )10.There were only two paintings for sale and he bought _.Aall B any C both指示
20、代词与疑问代词【满分点拨】一、指示代词1指示代词的分类代词 用法 例句it 特指上下文提到的对象是同一事物。 The book is mine.Its very interesting.one 泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个, 同类而不同一。 Who has a novel named Tiny Times?I have one.that 常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的名 词,以避免重复。 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shenzhen.this 常用来指代离自己较近的人或物。 This is my friend.2it的常见用
21、法(1)用作形式主语,常用于下列句型中:Itsadj.(for sb.)to do sth.如:Its important for us to work hard.对我们来说努力工作是重要的。Its time to do/for /thatIt seems that如:It seems that he is quite happy.他看起来似乎很高兴。Its ones turn to do sth.Itsadj.that从句。如:It is necessary that we students do some reading every day.我们学生每天读书是必要的。(2)作形式宾语:如:
22、Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line?你认为学会排队是必要的吗?二、疑问代词疑问代词有:who(谁) ;whom(宾格) ;whose( 谁的) ;what( 什么;什么职业);which(哪个) 在一定范围内特指的人或物。相对于疑问代词而言,初中阶段还有两个疑问副词经常在考试中出现,学生也应该重点掌握,第一个是how,怎样,通常表示方式。另一个是where,哪里,表示地点。【考点抢测】( B )1._ are they?They are Chopsticks Brothers who sing the song Little A
23、pple.AWhat B Who CHow( A )2.(2016天津中考改编 )I cant find my ticket.I think I have lost _.Ait Bone Cat( B )3.Can you see the boys over there?_ are my friends.Lets go and say hello to them.AThis BThose CThat( C )4.Could you say it again?I cant understand _ you are talking about.Ahow Bwhen Cwhat( C )5.My friend has a lot of comic books.I want to have _,too.Athis Bthey Cone