1、专题十四 主谓一致,命题趋势( B )1.(2017宜宾中考)Two months _ a long time.We can visit our grandparents during the vacation.Aam Bis Care( B )2.(江西中考)The water _ dark and dirty.Its no longer safe to drink.A.became Bhas become Cwill become( A )3.(南充中考)The number of the volunteers _ 100 now.And a small number of them _
2、already gone to the workplace.A.is；have Bare；have Cis ；are( C )4.(新疆中考)There _ some milk and apples in the fridge.A.has Bhave Cis( C )5.(长春中考)There _ two dictionaries on the bookcase.You can use either of them.A.is Bwas Care在中考中，主要通过单项选择或完形填空的形式考查谓语动词与人称和数的一致，主要体现在there be句型和就近原则上。,考点细化主谓一致，分三个方面：语法
3、一致原则、意义原则和邻近原则。一、 语法一致原则主语和谓语通常在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用相应的单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词用相应的复数形式；1当and和both and连接名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：Tom and I are good students.汤姆和我是好学生。Both Tony and David are good at playing basketball.托尼和大卫都擅长打篮球。2不定代词either，anything，someone ，somebody，something，everyone，everybody ，everything
4、，nobody，no one，nothing 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：There is something wrong with my bicycle.我的自行车出问题了。3由each, eachand each，everyand every作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Each boy and each girl was given a new book.每个男生和女生都被给了一本新书。4主语后接有with，along with，together with，as well as，no less than，rather than，including，besides ，like，
5、except，but 等词或短语时，谓语动词的单复数由主语的单复数形式决定。如：Mr.Green with his wife and two children is leaving for Beijing.格林先生和他的老婆及两个孩子将动身去北京。All the teachers，including Miss Li are going to a meeting.所有的老师包括李小姐都要去开会。5a number of 可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式； the number of 可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：A number of trees were cut dow
6、n last year.去年很多树被砍倒了。The number of students in our class is 41.我们班上的学生人数是41.6“a lot of (lots of，plenty of，a pile of，most of) 名词”和“分数或百分数 名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词本身的单复数，即名词为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式；名词为可数名词复数，谓语动词用对应的复数形式。如：Seventy percent of the earths surface is covered with water.地球表面70%都是水。Two fifths of th
7、e students in our class are girls.我们班五分之二的学生是女生。7由“a pair of，a kind of，a series of 名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式； “pairs of，kinds of 名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：This kind of computer is popular with many students.这种类型的电脑受很多学生的欢迎。These kinds of computers are popular with many students.这些种类的电脑受很多学生的欢迎。8某些只有复数形式的名词：cl
8、othes，trousers，shorts ，pants，shoes ，gloves等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：My shoes were worn out.我的鞋子穿坏了。9不定式或动名词形式作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式应与主语的数保持一致。如：Reading is learning.(只有一个动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。)阅读就是在学习。Reading and writing are good studying methods.阅读与写作是好的学习方法。二、意义一致原则意义一致原则也可作概念一致原则，即谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式主要看主语所表达的概念。来源:学优高考网g
9、kstk1由and连接的两个名词作主语时，如果指统一概念(即and后面无冠词)，则谓语动词用单数形式。如： 来源:学优高考网The teacher and writer is coming to give us a report next week. 那位老师兼作家将于下周给我们作报告。The singer and dancer has been invited to the party.那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家被邀请参加聚会。2表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词、词组作主语时，一般被看作一个整体，谓语动词常用单数形式。如：Ten kilometers is a long distance.10千
10、米是很长一段距离。3集体名词：family，team ，crowd，company ，class ，group，government等表示集体成员，谓语动词要用复数形式。如它们作为一个集体单位时，动词用单数形式。如：His family is going to move to Hong Kong.他将举家搬迁到香港。His family are very well.他的家人都很好。4people，police等集合名词作主语时，谓语动词也要用复数。如：The police are helping the lost child find his home.警察正在帮助迷路的小孩找家。5数学中表示
11、加法和乘法时，谓语动词可用单数形式，也可以用复数形式；但减法和除法必须用单数形式。如：What is/are three times three? 3乘以3得多少？6One and a half 可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；one 单数名词 and a half作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：One and a half months have passed since I saw him.One month and a half has passed since I saw him.我已经一个半月没看到他了。7“the 姓氏名词复数” 意为“的一家或夫妇”作主语时，谓语动词用
12、复数形式。如：The Smiths like blueberry cakes.史密斯一家喜欢蓝莓蛋糕。三、邻近一致原则有时谓语动词的形式与主语并不一致，而是与靠近它的名词一致，这种原则叫做邻近一致原则，又名就近原则。1由eitheror，neithernor ，not onlybut (also)，not but或or连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与较近的主语在数上保持一致。如：Not only my parents but also I am interested in Readers.不仅是我父母，我也对朗读者感兴趣。2There be和Here be 这两个句式中的 be动词常与最近的主语
13、在数上保持一致。如： 来源:学优高考网gkstkThere is a table and two chairs in Mikes room.There are two chairs and a table in Mikes room.迈克的房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。,小试牛刀 来源:学优高考网gkstk( B )1.(海南中考)Uncle Liang _ in Haikou since 1980，so he knows a lot about the city.Ais living B has lived Clived( A )2.(六盘水中考)Running _ a good way to
14、 exercise every day.A.is Bwas Care( B )3.(毕节中考)_there any rice in the bag?A.Has BIs CAre( C )4.(安顺中考) What would you like to have for supper，Jack?Either noodles or rice _ OK.I dont mind.A.are Bwere Cis( C )5.(黔南中考)The winter holiday is coming，so the twins as well as Alex _ to Sanya for vacation.A.go
15、 Bgoes Care going( B )6.(齐齐哈尔中考)The pair of trousers _ me.Ill take it.A.fit Bfits Cwill fit( A )7.(广东中考)Do you need more time to complete the task?Yes.Another ten minutes _ enough.A.is Bwas Care( C )8.(2015重庆中考)There _ lots of sheep and pigs on my uncles farm now.Awere Bis Care( C )9.(镇江中考) My aunt said she called you yesterday morning，but there was no answer.Oh，we were at home.Maybe my husband with my daughter and me _ my car in the garden.A.were washing Bhad washed 来源:gkstk.ComCwas washing( B )10.(兰州中考)Tony with his parents often _ to the movies at weekends.A.go Bgoes Chas gone请完成精练本第14页作业
