1、一词汇拓展。1.differ （vi）不一致, 不同, 相异 (n) 不同 (adj )不同的 2.exact (adj).精确的，准确的，精密的，严谨的 (adv) 精确地，准确地，确切地；3.disturb （vt ）扰乱 , 使不安, 弄乱 ( adj )被扰乱的, 烦恼的, 不安的 (adj ) 令人不安的 / 引起烦恼的4.undertake（vt） （过去式） （过去分词）5.carrier (n )携带（vt）者，搬运工，运输工具 （vt）携带，搬运6.object （vt） 反对，不同意 (n ) 反对，不同意 (adj)客观的7.medium (n)媒介，手段，工具 （复数）
2、媒介，手段 8.conservative (adj )保守的，守旧的 (n )保守，守旧9.forbid（vt）禁止，不准 （过去式） （过去分词）10.accumulate (vt. vi )积累，聚集 ( n ) 积累，聚集, (adj) 积累的，聚集的二请在文中找出以下短语。1 使沮丧 2. 反对3 赞成; 支持 4. 偿清; 取得成功5. 一直; 总是 6. 另一方面7. 对产生巨大影响 8. 一阵强烈的反对9. 生产; 产出 10 科学突破三语言点剖析。1. In pairs, look at these pictures and discuss which ones are nat
3、ural clones and which ones are man-make. Explain . (P10)两人一组, 观察图片并讨论哪些是自然无性繁殖, 哪些是人工的。解释它们的区别。 differ vi. 不一致, 不同, 相异, 不同意, 意见相左【拓展】differ from : 与不同 be different from :不同于 differ in : 在方面不同 be different in : 在不同differ with sb on/about sth :与某人在某事上意见不同 make a/no difference （to ）: 有/无关系（影响、作用）(1) Ch
4、inese many different aspects. 中文与英文在许多方面不同。(2) The husband who is to take charge of the money丈夫与妻子在谁负责掌管钱的问题上意见不同。(3) 与我无关 whether you are going to stay.2. It is a difficult task to undertake.(P11) 这是一项很难完成的任务undertake vt.实施，从事，着手做，承担 , 担任, 许诺, 保证，采取,答应【拓展】undertake sth 承担某事 undertake a task/ projec
5、t 承担一个任务/项目undertake to do sth 许诺做某事/ 同意做某事 undertake that 保证(1) She 将负责组织工作of the whole project. (2) I in a week许诺一周内还钱 (3) The travel agent 保证你会喜欢这次旅行3. But at last the det ermination and pati ence of the scientist paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough-the cloning of Dolly the sheep.(P11) 但是，科学家的决心
6、和耐心最终得到了回报，这就是1996年具有突破性的克隆羊“多莉”的诞生pay off ：偿清债款；得到好结果 ；付清工资解雇【拓展】pay for ：为付款；为 付出代价 pay back ：还钱；报复pay a/the price for : 因受害/付代价(1) ?他的计划成功了吗？(2)It took them three years to . 他们三年才还清债务。(3)Our efforts are sure to .我们的努力会取得好结果。4. Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dollys illnesses were m
7、ore appropriate to a much older animal（ P12）研究克隆的科学家们沮丧地发现多莉得的病更容易发生在年老的动物身上cast down :使沮丧；使不愉快【拓展】be cast down (by sth) (因某事）沮丧，不愉快 cast out 驱逐；赶走 cast off 抛弃；摆脱掉 cast away丢弃, 抛弃, 使失事, 使漂流(1) the failure of the experiment. 实验失败使得他很沮丧。(2) hear the news. 听到这个消息他很沮丧(3)You really must 你必须抛弃这些坏习惯。5.Alto
8、gether Dolly lived six and half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep.多莉总共活了六年半其原型羊寿命的一半。Altogether adv. 全部，总共 , 总而言之, 完全地(用于否定句中表部分否定)(1) He is new house他对自己的新房子不尽满意。(2) ，the meeting was a success. 总之，这个会议很成功。(3) what to do next. 他并不完全确信接下去做什么。6. On the other hand , Dollys appear
9、ance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.(p12) 另一方面, 多莉的出现引来了巨大的反对 激发了传媒的热炒和公众的想像力。object to 反对，不同意【拓展】object to sb/sth反对/ 不赞成某人某事 object to doing sth反对做某事object to sb doing sth反对某人做某事 have an/no objection to (doing) sth : (不 )反对object that ：抗议 the
10、re is no objection to sth :没什么不可以的(1) 我反对这项计划。(2)We for one persons fault.我们反对因为一个人的错误而惩罚整体. (3) He what I proposed.他反对我提出的建议。7.Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. (p12)另一方面, 多莉的出现引来了巨大的反对 激发了传媒的热炒和公众的想像力。have a(n)impact on 对 有影响
11、【拓展】have/exert a(n)influence on 对有影响 have a(n)effecton 对有影响make a/no difference to 对有(无)影响(1)The death of Bin Landen . 本拉登的死对美国有影响。(2) Whether he is here or not will . 他在不在对我们的生活没有影响。(3)The economies of the developing world are big enough _ 发展中的经济体已经壮大得足以影响全球经济增长。8. Although at present human egg cel
12、ls and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain .(P12) 尽管目前供克隆研究的人体卵细胞和胚胎还很难得到 obtain vt. （尤指经努力）获得，赢得(1)He failed to . 他没有获得奖学金(2) I finally a copy of the report. 我终于设法弄到了这个报告的副本(3) You can also . 你还可以从实践经验中获得知识9. Newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to att
13、ain their ambitions.(p12 ) 有些邪恶头目希望把自己克隆出来以实现他的野心 attain vt通常通过努力）获得，得到；到达某年龄，水平，状况等(1) in this world ? 在这个世界上我们怎样才能获得满足? (2) Whenever you have an aim you must . 无论何时，只要有目标，你就要牺牲一定的自由以达到它。(3)He made his great effort to _ 他尽最大的努力得到这个荣誉10.Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research i
14、nto human cloning.(P12)明令禁止进行克隆人类的研究. forbid vt. 禁止，不准。拓展：forbid sth.禁止某事 forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事 forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事 forbid sb. sth禁止某人某事forbid that禁止(1)Smoking in public places. 公共场所应禁止吸烟。(2) Her father . 她父亲不许她单独外出。(3) to tell anyone. 我不准你告诉任何人(4)The law . 法律禁止在这片土地上建筑(5)He enter the ro
15、om (进入这个房间).11.Some countries such as China and the UK continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide. 有些国家比如中国和英国继续收集克隆能提供丰富的医疗帮助的证据 accumulate vi vt. vi 积累，聚集拓展：the accumulation of knowledge 知识的积聚(1)He by hard work. 他因努力工作而积蓄了一笔财富。(2) The purpose of educati
16、on is not just 教育的目的不仅仅是为了积累知识(3) Dust .我不在期间灰尘积聚了起来12.Is it in favour of cloning or against it?(P12)是赞成克隆还是反对克隆？(be) in favour of 赞成；有利于 =support/be for 与be against相对拓展：in sbs favor 对某人有利 do sb a favor =do a favor for sb帮某人忙做in favor with sb.受某人支持(1)Is he he plan? 他赞成这项计划吗？(2)Could you Mike from sc
17、hool?今天你能帮个忙去学校接迈克吗？(3)At present .目前我没有得到大家的支持。13.Dollys death, like her birth was bound to raise worries.（P14 ）多莉的死和她的生一样，注定要引起忧虑be bound to 注定；有义务做拓展：be bound to do sth.有两个义项: 注定, 一定会; 有法律责任或义务做某事。(1)The weather tomorrow. 明天天气一定会变好(2)I that you are drinking to much. .我觉得有必要对你说, 你酒喝得太多了(3) 我没有义务要讨
18、好她。(4)He . 他一定能赢。四重点句型1 cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated.克隆植物简单，但克隆动物非常复杂。While在句中作并列连词，作“然而”解，连接并列分句，表示前后意义上的对比。注意，此时 while放在第一分句或第二分句前均可。While作连词的用法作并列连词 ，意为“而，却”，表对比作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，从句谓语是延续性动词作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”Eg I admit his good points，I can see his ba
19、d ones.A Because B If C Once D While some people come here for a short break, others have decided to stay forever.A Because B If C Once D WhileMary made coffee her guests were finishing their meal.A so what B although C while D as if2. This is because the cloning of mammal is still a new science and
20、 its story only began seriously in 1950s as this list shows:这是因为克隆哺乳动物还是一门新的科学句中and连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中because引导表语从句，第二个分句中as引导定语从句。This/That is because 这是因为(because从句说明原因) This/That is why这就是为什么(why 从句说明结果) He was ill. . 这就是为什么他被送到医院 He was late again. in a heavy traffic jam. 那是因为他被困在严重额交通阻塞中选修 8 unit 2
21、 Cloning using language 学案单词识记1. vi. 退休；离开 n. 退休2. vt 打扰； vi操心；n.烦扰 3. n.假定，设想 v.认为，设想；承担；呈现4. n. 规则，规章 ；法规_ v.规范，调节 adj.定期的，有规律的；正规的5 vt.抵抗，对抗 n.抵抗，反抗；抵抗力 adj.有抵抗力的6. adv.仅，只，不过 _adj.仅仅的7. _adj. 合理的 adv. 合理地 adj.不合理的短语天地1. 旁路，支线，岔道 2.一定做，注定做 _3. 使.刻骨铭心 4.不时，偶尔 _5. 使复生，使复活 6.白费力气，枉费心机 _7. 状况很好（坏），情况
22、很好（坏） _ 8.lead to _ 9. be based on _ 10. lead a . life _语言点详解：1. in favour of 赞成；支持原句：Is it _cloning or _it?in sbs favour 对某人有利 ask a favor 请求帮忙do sb a favor do a favor for sb 帮某人的忙【温馨提示】in favour of是表示主动，即赞成某事或支持某人，对什么有利或让位给谁，与for 同义，与against相对；in favour with则表示被动，即受到或得到某人的好评、重视或支持。如：Are you in fav
23、our of this new project?你赞成这个新计划吗？The Chief Executive is now in favour with the people.现在行政首长受到市民的爱戴。你还知道哪些表示“赞成，赞同”的单词或者是短语吗？Be for sth ； subscribe to ；agree to/with ；approve of .【活学活用】(1)I talked to Susan about it, and shes _ (赞同改变计划 )(2)The exchange rate is _(对我们有利) now.(3) 我赞成农村比城市居住起来更加舒服。（一句多译
24、）_that countryside is more comfortable to live in._that countryside is more comfortable to live in._that countryside is more comfortable to live in._that countryside is more comfortable to live in.2. owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于原句: _ 你欠这位女士一个道歉。owe sb.sth.=owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物 owe sth.to sb.把某事归功于某人owe it t
25、o sb.that把归功于某人 owing to(=because of)因为【活学活用】适当的词填空或完成句子。 He still (欠我80美元) for my work. (因为下雨) ，we couldnt come.I owe you that I am still alive. 多亏有了你我才能活下来。I my teachers我的成功应该归功于我的老师。3. bother vt.烦扰；打扰 vi.操心n.烦扰原句：However，the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease_.bother to do st
26、h 费力做某事bother sb with/about sth 为某事打扰或烦扰某人bother with/about sth 花费时间/ 精力做某事【温馨提示】(1)表示“因某事麻烦某人”，一般用介词 with 或 about。如：Dont bother with /about it.不要为此事费心( 烦恼)。(2) 其后接动词时，通常用不定式。如：He didnt even bother to say thank you.他甚至连说声谢谢都不肯。(3)在口语中说 dont bother, 主要用于谢绝对方主动提出的善意帮助，意为“不用费心了”、“不用麻烦了”。如：Shall I help
27、you with the washing up?要不要我帮你洗碗碟？Dont bother. Ill do it later.不必麻烦了，我等一会再洗。【活学活用】(1)The problem _me for weeks. 那问题已经困扰了我几个星期。(2Dont _me. ) 别为我担心。(3) Dont_.(此信) 不必回复。(4) _他从来不在穿着上花费精力4. be bound to do sth.有的义务，注定要 原句：Dollys death ,like her birth,_【活学活用】(1)A man _ if only he will do his best. 一个人只要尽力
28、而为就一定会成功。(2 The weather _明天天气一定会变好的。 (3) You have done so much work that .你下了这么大功夫, 一定能通过考试。5.strike vi. . prove how the idea _a mixture of fear and excitement_strike for 为而罢工 on strike 在罢工It strikes sb that 使某人突然想起 strikeinto ones heart 使刻骨铭心写出划线部分的意思。 The ship struck a rock. _ The stone struck her
29、 on the forehead. _ It suddenly struck me that we could use a computer to do the job. _(4) The workers at the factory are striking for more pay. _(5)These matches are too wet to strike. _(6)I got up very early this morning ,before the clock struck seven. _翻译：(1)我突然想起我忘了关灯_(2) “癌症“这个词仍然使很多人感动恐惧The wo
30、rd “cancer” still _ _ _ many hearts.6. bring back to life 使复生；使复活原句：_people suggest that extinct animals like dinosaurs can possibly _(1)总之，他已经死了。没有人能使他复活。Anyway_ . Nobody could _ . (2) 他们使溺水的游泳者苏醒过来。_.7. vain adj.虚荣的，自负的，徒劳的 be vain about sth 对.自负原句：All efforts of cloning an animal _ adv. 徒劳地；不成功地；
31、白费力气地in vain 徒劳，白费力(1)Our efforts were .我们的努力全是徒劳。(2) We tried_.我们想使他改变主意，结果是白费心机。(3) _她自负貌美。8.resist vt.抵抗；对抗原句：but others will survive and pass on the ability _ n. 抵抗，反抗；抵抗力_ adj.抵抗的；有抵抗力的resist sth. 抵制；阻挡某事 resist doing sth. 反对做某事cant resist doing sth. 忍不住做某事be resistant to sb./sth.对某人/ 某事有抵抗力【活学
32、活用】(1) _ 健康的身体能抵御疾病。(2) _她到达那里，禁不住想进去9.be in good/poor condition 状况很好(坏) ；情况很好(坏)原句： The dodo became extinct fairly recently _in condition 健康/状况良好 out of condition 不健康，状况不佳under favorable/difficult conditions 在顺/ 逆境中on condition that 如果，条件是on no condition 绝对不行living/housing/working conditions 生活/ 住宅
33、/工作状况根据句意在括号里填入适当的介词(1)The car has been well maintained and is good condition.(2)I had no exercise for ages. Im really condition.(3)You can go out condition that you wear an overcoat The house_ _. It needs to be repaired. 这房子状况欠佳，需要修缮了。 就他的年龄来说，这位老人的身体状况很不错了。Given his age，the old man is_. _ _ _, can
34、 we give up _ _ _我们在你逆境中决不能放弃 Book8 Unit2 reading1一词汇拓展。1.differ （vi）不一致, 不同, 相异 difference (n)不同 different (adj )不同的 2.exact (adj).精确的，准确的，精密的，严谨的 exactly ( adv) 精确地，准确地，确切地；3.disturb （vt ）扰乱 , 使不安, 弄乱distu rbed (adj )被扰乱的, 烦恼的, 不安的disturbing (adj ) 令人不安的 / 引起烦恼的4.undertake（vt）undertook（过去式）undertaken（过去分词）5.carrier (n )携带（vt）者，搬运工，运输工具carry （vt）携带，搬运6.object （vt） 反对，不同意objection (n ) 反对，不同意 objective (adj)不同的，反对的。7.medium (n)媒介，手段，工具 media （复数）媒介，手段 8.conservative (adj )保守的，守旧的 conservation (n )保守，守旧9.forbid（vt）禁止，不准forbad（过去式）forbidden（过去分词）10.accumulate
