1、GRAMMAR 关系副词或“介词+ which / whom”引导的定语从句 前面我们学习了关系代词引导定语从句的情况，本期我们来学习关系副词和“介词+ which / whom”引导定语从句的情况。一、关系副词在从句中作状语，其作用相当于“介词+ which”。1. 关系副词 when 指代时间，在从句中通常作时间状语，也可用“介词+ which”来替换。如：The attacks continued up to the day when the agreement was signed. = The attacks continued up to the day on which the
2、agreement was signed.2. 关系副词 where 指代地点，在从句中通常作地点状语，也可用 “介词+ which”来替换。如：Mozarts birthplace and the house where he composed “The Magic Flute” are both now museums. = Mozarts birthplace and the house in which he composed “The Magic Flute” are both now museums.注意：当先行词（如 situation, stage, point 等）表达“地步
3、、境地、形势”等抽象概念，且在定语从句中作状语时，用 where 引导。如：You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.Their youngest child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences.I had reached a point in my career where I needed to decide which way to go.3. 关系副词 why 指代原因，在从句中通常
4、作原因状语，也可用 for which 来替换。如：Id like to know the reason why youre so late.= Id like to know the reason for which youre so late.二、“介词+ whom”也可引导定语从句。有些介词也可放在从句的末尾，此时可用who 代替 whom。如：Students for whom English is a second language should consider taking the course.The person to whom this letter was address
5、ed died three years ago.= The person who / whom this letter was addressed to died three years ago.注意：“介词+ which / whom”引导定语从句时，介词的选择取决于从句中谓语动词的固定搭配、先行词的习惯搭配或句子要表达的意思。【即学即练】I. 从括号内选择正确的选项填空。1. We had reached the point _ (where / which) there was no money left. 2. Sales director is a position _ (why /
6、 where) communication ability is just as important as sales skills. 3. The reason _ (where / why) this town is a natural place for making movies is that the sun shines here everyday. 4. Occasions are quite rare _ (when / where) I have the time to spend a day with my kids. II. 用适当的介词填空。1. King Henry
7、VIII is someone _ whom youve probably heard. 2. 0 is the temperature _ which water starts to freeze.3. This is a stage _ which many famous people have performed. 4. Mike was a man _ whom we had absolute trust. III. 从方框内选出可以替代下面各句中画线部分的单词。where, that, when, whom, why1. Computers are the things which
8、changed the modern world. _2. The woman who I spoke to in the shop used to live next door. _3. They say he wanted to retire but the reason for which he left so suddenly is unknown. _4. Heres the store cupboard in which all cleaning materials are kept. _5. “Visiting hours” means the time during which
9、 you can visit someone in hospital. _IV. 用适当的单词完成下面对话。A: Wow! Heres a photograph 1. _ I havent seen for years.B: Who is it?A: Its my great-grandmother 2. _ son was my grandfather. This is her with the man 3. _ asked her to marry him.B: You mean your great-grandfather? A: No. Before that, there was s
10、omeone else 4. _ asked her to marry him, before the war. B: What happened?A: She never told me the reason 5. _ they didnt get married, but this photo was taken in 1939, 6. _ the Second World War was just starting, so I guess he never came back. I think this photo was taken at the place 7. _ they probably said goodbye for the last time. 参考答案【即学即练】I. 1. where 2. where 3. why 4. when II. 1. of / about 2. at 3. on 4. in III. 1. that 2. whom / that 3. why / that 4. where 5. when / that IV. 1. that / which 2. whose 3. who / that 4. who / that 5. why 6. when 7. where
