1、第十节 非谓语动词,( ) 1.For more than once，our head teacher asks us _ the habit of keeping a diary. (2017广东省)A.develop B.develops C.developing D.to develop( ) 2.Leonardo DiCaprio，a famous American actor，was always expecting _ an Oscar and finally he made it. (2016广东省)A.to win B.will win C.not to win D.not w
2、inning( ) 3.We advise parents _ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. (2015广东省)A.not leave B.not to leave C.leave D.to leave,真题试练,D,A,B,( ) 4.In order _for the meeting，my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. (2014广东省)A.not to be late B.not being late C.t
3、o be late D.being late( ) 5. I didnt hear you come in just now. Thats good.We tried _any noise，for you were sleeping. (2013广东省)A.not make B.not to make C.to make D.making,AB,考点解读,动词的非谓语形式分为：动词不定式、动名词、分词（现在分词和过去分词）。不定式做宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语是不定式的主要考点。某些动词后只能接动名词是动名词的主要考点。 动词不定式作宾语5年2考，动词不定式作宾补5年2考，动词不定式作状语5年1
4、考，动名词5年0考。,一、动词不定式,1.动词不定式的结构：肯定式：to do否定式：not to do 2.动词不定式的用法,(续表),（续表）,want to tell,need to buy,tells / asks me to finish,wants / wanted her father to buy,to give us a talk / speech / lecture,（续表）,to make everyone hear him clearly,3.常接不定式作宾语的动词有try, choose, expect, help, manage, offer, plan,promi
5、se, refuse, learn, want, agree, decide, hope, wish, need, would like等。如：He offered to take us to the park.他主动提出带我们去公园。注意：help后面的to可以省略。如：He helped (to) do some housework.他帮忙做了一些家务。,4.常接不定式作宾补的动词有ask, tell,teach, want, wish, warn, allow, force, would like, help, encourage, advise, order, invite, pers
6、uade等。如：I advised him to read more English books after class.我建议他课后多看英文书。注意：help sb.to do中的to也可以省略。如：He helped his mother (to) do some housework.他帮助他妈妈做了一些家务。,5.疑问词“who / which / what / when / how / where (why除外)+to do”, 在句中可充当主语、表语、宾语和宾补。如：How to open the lock is a difficult problem.（作主语,谓语动词用单数）怎样
7、打开这个锁是一个难题。The most important thing is how to improve my English.（作表语）最重要的事情是如何提高我的英语水平。I dont know where to ask for advice.（作宾语）我不知道去哪里寻求建议。Can you tell me what to say at the meeting?（作宾补）你能告诉我在会议上要说些什么吗？注意：连词whether后面也可以接不定式。如：I cant decide whether to go there or not. 我决定不了是否去那儿。,6.含有不定式的句型(1)be+a
8、dj.+to do 如：The text is difficult to understand. 这篇文章很难理解。(2)be+too+adj.+(for sb.)+to do 如：The box is too heavy for me to carry. 这个箱子重得我搬不动了。(3)be.+adj.+enough+to do 如：The boy is old enough to go to school.那个男孩够年龄去上学了。(4)it is/was+adj.+(for/of sb.)+to do 如：It is important for us to learn English wel
9、l.对我们而言,学好英语很重要。(5)主语+find/think/feel+it+adj.+to do 如：I find it boring to go shopping. 我发现去购物很无聊。,二、动名词,动名词是一种兼有动词和名词功能的非谓语动词。 1.动名词的结构：由“动词原形+ -ing” 构成，其否定形式直接在 动名词前加not。 2.动名词的用法：动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、定语、宾语等。,Playing basketball and listening to music,(续表),meeting her,playing the piano,reading t
10、his novel,(续表),is thinking about making a new plan,are looking forward to receiving,3.含有动名词的句型find sb.doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事 keep sb.doing sth. 使某人不停地做某事be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 spend time / money doing sth. 花时间 / 钱做某事have difficulty / fun doing sth. 做某事有困难 / 乐趣,易错点突破,一、既可以接不定式又可以接动名词作宾语的动词1.意思没什么区别的动
11、词：begin, start, hate, like,love如：It began to rain.=It began raining.开始下雨了。2.接动词不定式或动名词表达的意思有差别的动词： forget, remember, stop。如： （1）forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事（还没做）forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（已做）你离开前别忘记关窗户。 Dont _ the window before you leave.你忘了在北京机场已经见过她了吗？ Have you forgotten _ at Beijing Airport?,forget to
12、close,meeting her,(2)remember to do sth.；remember doing sth.记得要做某事（还没做）_记得做过某事（已做）_ (3)stop to do sth.；stop doing sth.停下来去做某事（去做另一件事）_停止做某事（不做了）_ (4)go on to do sth. 继续去做某事（继续做不同的事）go on doing sth. 继续不停地做某事（同一动作的继续） (5)try to do sth. 努力做某事try doing sth. 尝试做某事,remember to do sth.,remember doing sth.,
13、stop to do sth.,stop doing sth.,二、stop doing 和 stop sb.(from) doing 的用法区别,stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”； stop sb.(from) doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。如：1.老师进来的时候,学生们就停止了讲话。When the teacher came in,the students _ . 2.我们应该采取措施阻止人们污染河流。We should do something to _ the river.,stopped talking,stop people (from) pollut
14、ing,三、“It is+adj.for sb.to do sth.”和“It is+adj.of sb.to do sth”的用法区别,1.当不定式短语做主语,句型结构为“To do sth.is/was+adj.”时, 常用it作形式主语, 其构成句型为“It is +adj.(for sb.) to do sth.”或者“It is+adj.（of sb.） to do sth.”。如： (1)你帮我学习数学，你真是太好了。Its nice of you _ my math. (2)对于我来讲,在数学方面取得好成绩很难。_ good marks in math.,to help me w
15、ith,It is difficult for me to get,2.It is+adj.for/of sb.to do sth.句型中,用for还是of,取决于其前面的形容词。 如果形容词是说明人的性格、品质等,用of；如果形容词是形容事物的 特征，则用for。如：(1)对学生来说,每天打扫教室很有必要。It is necessary _ the students to clean the classroom.(2)他很幸运获得了一等奖。It is very lucky _ him to win first prize.,for,of,四、不定式作宾补时省略to 的情况,1.在使役动词后：
16、let, make等。如：老板让他们工作了一整晚。The boss makes them _ the whole night. 2.在感官动词后：see,hear,watch,notice,sound，feel等。如：(1)我常常看见他们打扫教室。I often see them _ the classroom.注意：这类动词如用于被动语态,应接带to不定式作宾补。如：(2)他们被迫整晚工作。They were made _ the whole night.,work,clean,to work,3.在表示“看见、听见、感觉某人正在做某事” 时, see, hear, watch, notic
17、e, feel, listen to等后通常接doing做宾补。 如： Did you notice someone passing by?你注意到有人正经过这儿吗？ Sure.当然。常见的此类搭配有： see sb.doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事 hear sb.doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事 watch sb.doing sth. 观看某人正在做某事 notice sb.doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事 feel sb.doing sth. 感觉某人正在做某事 listen to sb.doing sth. 听某人正在做某事,4.用现在分词与省去to的动词不定式做宾补时,意义有区别：前者表 示正在进行(一般用持续性动词), 后者表示已经完成。如：(1)你听到鸟儿正在树上唱歌吗？Can you hear the bird _ in the tree?(2)我看见他下了公共汽车然后消失了。I saw him_the bus and disappear.,singing,get off,
