1、学习科技英语的基本要求 General Requirements,ZHANG GANZHOU,English Major,1. Try to understand the common structures (According to the statistics by some researchers, one can only get 5% of the newly developed technology in ones life by reading for 24 hours a day without eating or sleeping, so in this case, its
2、better for us to learn the common things.),一、课程目标,The following are NOT product complaints Requests for routine service/servicing to the product Commercial issues such as billing, or contract terms e.g. Warranty or delivery Concerns about product not yet available to the customer Customer preference
3、, enhancements or features requests not product performance related Personnel frustrations Internal non-conformance Internally identified non-conformances that affects distributed product (shall be entered in Non Conformance system according to the GLB-QA-014 Corrective and Preventative Action Proce
4、dure,Example（注意语言特征）,译 文（注意语言特征）,下列情况不属于产品投诉： 产品日常维护请求 商业问题，诸如账单、合同条款，如担保或交货 用户对尚未拥有的产品的担心 与产品性能不相关的涉及用户偏好、加强或特性的请求 人员紧张问题 内部分歧问题 由内部鉴定的影响所销售产品的分歧问题（依照“BLB-QA-014 纠正和预防行动程序”，列入分歧体系）,we are reading and understanding everyday, but for technical articles, its different, because it is involved with the
5、different subjects which we may not know, even in Chinese, so in order to understand technical articles in English, everyone has to read more and try to read more in a wide range of subjects. As a translator, you are not required to be a scientist in a specific field, but you have to know some gener
6、al sense of more subjects.,2. Reading and understanding of technical articles and documents,Model B-3XXY Cantilever beam weighing transducerShearing cantilever beam structure is designed with low height to hold the load on the arc top spherical surface. The transducer is sealed up with multilayer gl
7、ue filling and treated with anticorrosion plating surface, which guarantees an overall reliability and easy installation.,Example,B-3XXY型 悬臂樑式称重传感器剪切悬臂樑结构，低高度设计，采用球面弧顶承载，多层充胶密封，表面耐蚀镀层处理，整体性能可靠，安装简单。,To learn English is to use it for communication with foreigners.,3. Improve translation skills of tec
8、hnical articles,1. 要做好课前预习Preparation for the lesson (because of many special technical terms),二、基本要求 General Requirements,After each class, i.e. every week, each student must do some translation of technical article from English to Chinese or vice versa , at least one article.,2. 多做练习,In this semes
9、ter, I suggest each student find at least one copy of “Introduction Manual” of any devices or equipment (or the other) to your own liking (around 60 pages) and translate it into Chinese.,3.课前准备和课后练习,英语词汇量庞大，一词多意、同义词特别多，同一个词在不同的学科、不同的语境有不同的含义。 一本好词典就是一个好的老师。力争使自己成为一个walking dictionary（活词典）。,4.一本好的专业技
10、术词典,1. Trip作名词的含义： 英汉技术词典P979 n. (1) (短距离）行驶，往返，一次来回，旅（飞）行，行（旅）程 （2）释放，松开，断路（开），解扣，（自动）跳闸，（自动）分离，关闭（3）断开装置，安全开脱器，（自动跳闸机构，自动停止机构，自动分离机构，接合离合器控制机构（4）倾翻器（5）（矿车）列车,单词的用法举例,v. (1) 释放，松开，拨动，擒纵机构转动，松动棘爪而开动 （2）（使）断开路，（使）跳闸，（使）解扣脱，（使）脱扣开，切断，关闭，（事故）停堆（3）倾斜翻（4）绊倒，（使）失足败，（使）犯错误 boundary trip边界层激流丝，door trip门开关，
11、overload trip过载跳闸，round trip来回往返的行路程，周游，safety trip安全断路，time-lag trip 延迟断开，trip bolt紧固螺钉，trip circuit解扣电路，trip wire拉线，tripping device解扣装置，tripping mechanism脱扣跳闸机构 （大多数词典词条下面后给一些搭配的示例）,Trip作动词的含义,2. Operate 英汉技术词典P636,v. （）操作纵，控制，驾驶，管理经营 （）运行转，用工动作，开起，启动，（使）转移动（）运计算（）作战(against)，飞行（）（起）作用影响，见效（）完成，引起
12、，决定（）动手术，开刀(on, upon, for)operate a machine开动操作机器,3）More Examples,concrete 具体的- 混凝土 nut 坚果-螺母 stainless 纯洁的， 没有污点的 stainless steel stack 堆放-烟囱 journal 杂志，刊物-轴颈 boot靴子-（计算机系统）引导,词典中一词多义，以及英语的多词一义和汉语中的一词多义，都为我们的翻译造成很大的障碍。翻译中，怎样确定词义，很大程度上取决于你的知识结构。,How to Choose,要有扎实的英语，尤其是英语的阅读理解技能、庞大的词汇量和扎实的语法基础。看下列英
13、语的句子结构。,5.专业知识和专业技能,The Project Description should provide a clear statement of the work to be undertaken and must include: objectives for the period of the proposed work and expected significance; relation to longer-term goals of the PIs project; and relation to the present state of knowledge in th
14、e field, to work in progress by the PIunder other support and to work in progress elsewhere.,科技英语句子结构举例,要有一定的科技背景知识。仅背一些英语单词，学一些语法结构知识，只是做翻译迈出的一小步。要想做科技英语的翻译工作，需要有广泛的、全面的知识。同时，还应当对它有兴趣。,6. 科技背景知识,中国轻纺城 专业纺织品市场、世界布市 中国轻纺城，车水马龙，万商云集。历经20年，从一条“布街”起步，目前已成为全球规模最大、经营品种最多、成交额最高的纺织品专业市场。这个全球规模最大的“世界布市”，汇集了世
15、界各地的布匹，同时又销往世界各地。公交5、66、88路,Example,Example（学生作业）,China light textile city - professional textile market, world cloth market China light textile city is crowded with traffic and businessmen. With two decades struggle, starting up from a “Cloth Street”, it is now the professional textile market with
16、the biggest scale, most kinds of trading textiles and the highest transaction value in the world. Cloth around the world gathers in the global biggest-scale “world cloth market” and meanwhile is sold worldwide. Bus NO.5 NO.66 NO.88,中国轻纺城 专业纺织品市场、世界布市 中国轻纺城，车水马龙，万商云集。历经20年，从一条“布街”起步，目前已成为全球规模最大、经营品种最
17、多、成交额最高的纺织品专业市场。这个全球规模最大的“世界布市”，汇集了世界各地的布匹，同时又销往世界各地。公交5、66、88路,Example （修改后）,China Textile Town International and Professional textile and fabric market China textile town is crowded with traffic and businessmen from around the world. With two decade development, starting up from just a “Cloth Stre
18、et”, it is now the professional and the largest-scale textile market with the most varieties and the highest transaction value in the world. Cloth and fabric gather in this “world fabric market” from all around the world and are then sold worldwide. Bus route No. 5 No. 66 No. 88,选定一个自己喜爱的主攻方向。攻其一点，触
19、类旁通。学科众多，一个人不可能什么都懂，应当选一个自己喜欢的学科，阅读相关的书籍，扩大该学科的专业知识。,7.要有一个自己喜爱的主攻方向,将结合浙江地方经济发展的主要行业，选择性地了解一些有关行业的科技英语知识，包括下列14个行业的科技英语翻译：,8.纺织与服装 9.计算机 10.自动化控制 11.国际贸易 12.产品说明书 13.公示语 14.广告英语,1.冶金 2.模具 3.机械制造 4.机电 5.汽车 6.工具和材料 7.电力,每周一个专题，每周一篇课后翻译练习，每人都必须做，计入平时成绩。每周选几个学生的作业进行分析。,8. 课后作业要求,1）考试形式（初步打算）： 英译汉：科技英语句
20、子（来自课本，15个句子） 汉译英：科技英语句子（来自课本，15个句子） 段落翻译（英译汉）：来自平时布置的作业 段落翻译（汉译英）：来自课外，但主题不变在平时课堂上讲到的专题范围内 编译：科技文章一篇，约500单词，编译成150个汉字 2）成绩合成：30%+30%+15%+15%+10%,9. 期末考试,要学一点基本的看图知识，认识图纸中点、线所代表的含义。科技文献和科技英语中，仅靠文字阅读，有时很难完整并正确地理解原文，如果能够掌握一些基本的看图知识，就可以有效地帮助我们完整正确地理解并准确地进行翻译。如:,三、看图识字,灰斗,侵蚀,污垢,About the textbookHow to
21、use the textbookWhat should we learn from the textbook?,四、教材内容,课堂作业EXERCISE IN CLASS,Put the following English into Chinese. Try to use precise and compact structures of our native language as possible.,The following ARE product complaints Product fails to operate Product fails to perform as expecte
22、d Product fails to meet documented specifications Product fails to perform its documented intended use Product fails to operate reliably Notice of Litigation related to injuries or quality issues involving GEHCproducts Repairs of an unexpected nature during routine servicing of a GEHC manufactured p
23、roduct Replacement of parts earlier than their documented normal life expectancy Identical repairs of multiple units of a device: each unit repair is a separate complaint Product has incorrect/unclear labeling or inadequate instructions for use Product or related documentation does not meet regulato
24、ry compliance requirements Product misuse or use error Issues related to product durability including packaging Incorrect documentation of a device sent to a customer Issues found with product in the field Issues occurring during an investigational study that are related to the cleared/approved device or feature,课后作业HOMEWORK,Download from Email: Z Password: 200888,
