1、北京市朝阳区 2018-2019 学年度第一学期高三年级期中统一考试英语试卷2018.11（考试时长 100 分钟 满分 120 分)本试卷共 10 页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分, 共 15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AThe Darjeeling Himalayan Railway may be the slowest train in the world. Every day
2、 the train _1_ (climb) over 2250 meters. Although the entire trip is 80 kilometers, it takes up to ten hours. The railway _2_ (build) in 1881 and has been carefully protected for its cultural importance. Today the train is attractive to the passengers who come from other places _3_ (see) the railway
3、 and the surrounding mountains. They seem to get a lot of pleasure _4_ its slow speed. For _5_ (fan) of this train, being slow is actually a good thing. As these people say, “slow” has four letters, so has life; “speed” has five letters, so has death.【答案】1. climbs 2. was built 3. to see 4. from 5. f
4、ans【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了 The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway，这可能是世界上最慢的火车。对于这列火车的粉丝来说，慢下来其实是一件好事。减慢速度，珍惜生命。【1 题详解】考查时态。句意：火车每天爬过 2250 米。根据 Every day 可知句子用一般现在时态，句子主语是 the train，单数第三人称，故答案为 climbs。【2 题详解】考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：这条铁路建于 1881 年，因其文化重要性而受到精心保护。句子主语 The railway 和 build 之间是被动关系，再根据 in 1881 可知句子用一般过去时态的
5、被动语态，故答案为 was built。【3 题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：今天，火车对那些从其他地方来参观铁路和周围山脉的旅客很有吸引力。此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故答案为 to see。【4 题详解】考查介词。句意：他们似乎从它的速度中得到了很多乐趣。结合句意可知答案为 from。【5 题详解】考查名词复数。句意：对于这列火车的粉丝来说，慢下来其实是一件好事。结合句意可知此处用名词复数，故答案为 fans。BI think my memory is good. I use a simple trick to remember peoples names _6_ (clear). When
6、 I meet someone and hear the persons name, I imagine that I can see the name _7_ (write) on the persons face. So the next time I see that person I also see the name on his or her face, and that is _8_ I never forget a name. When I have to memorize things for school, I walk up and down in the room, _
7、9_ (read) the notes aloud. The methods are very effective and I _10_ (use) them for many years. Compared with me, my brother has a very bad memory. He never remembers his promises. I always have to remind him.【答案】6. clearly 7. written 8. how/why 9. reading 10. have used/have been using【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作
8、者的记忆力好，文章介绍作者是怎样记住人的名字的。【6 题详解】考查副词。句意：我用一个简单的技巧把人们的名字记得很清楚。此处是副词修饰动词，故答案为 clearly。【7 题详解】考查过去分词。句意：当我遇到一个人，听到这个人的名字，我想象我可以看到写在这个人的脸上的名字。see +宾语+宾语补足语，此处 the name 和 write 之间是一种被动关系，所以这里是过去分词作宾语补足语，故答案为 written。【8 题详解】考查表语从句。句意：所以下次我看到那个人的时候，我也会看到他或她脸上的名字，这就是我永远不会忘记一个名字的原因。结合句意可知此处是 how/why 引导的表语从句。故
9、答案为 how/why。【9 题详解】考查现在分词。句意：当我必须记住学习内容的时候，我在房间里走来走去，大声朗读笔记。此处是现在分词作伴随状语，故答案为 reading。【10 题详解】考查时态。句意：这些方法很有效，我已经用了很多年了。结合句意可知句子用现在完成时态或现在完成进行时态，故答案为 have used/have been using。第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Bradleys BicycleWhen our son Bradley
10、was ten, the new bicycle he had received earlier that year was missing. Having a bike was a big deal to our children. They spent hours and hours on their bikes, _11_ up and down the footpath, and at the front of the house. We also rode as a _12_ at holidays, when all the members enjoyed staying toge
11、ther. Bicycling was a great way to get the kids out of the house and into the fresh air _13_ spending any money.Bradley discovered that his bicycle had been _14_ from our backyard when he and his sister went outside for a morning ride. He couldnt _15_ that someone would do this. _16_, none of the ot
12、her bicycles were touched and nothing else was missing.Bradley painted a sign (告示) on a large piece of cardboard, _17_ for the bicycle to be returned, and _18_ it to the letterbox. The following morning, when I went out to collect the mail, I found a white _19_ with the magical words, “Buy yourself
13、a new bike.” It took me a little while to _20_ what it was inside it. It was a $100 banknote.We were very _21_ that someone had the heart to do this. Weve never been able to thank the person but we _22_ that it may have been one of our wonderful neighbors. Bradley painted a big “Thank you” on the si
14、gn and we _23_ it outside for a couple of weeks afterwards in case it was someone who drove down our street.Bradley was able to _24_ a new bicycle. As the years went on, bicycles became bigger and more expensive but remained just as _25_ for those family bicycle rides. Now the kids have grown up and
15、 cars have _26_ their bicycles. Bradley is twenty-five this year. Sometimes I _27_ the days when receiving a bicycle was the best thing in the world to them.All these years later we are still grateful to that incredibly kind _28_. A young boys sorrow turned to joy when he got his _29_. We were a you
16、ng family with three little children and it meant a lot to us. We still talk about it and, even now, _30_ who actually gave us the help.11. A. walking B. flying C. jumping D. riding12. A. family B. club C. staff D. department13. A. against B. before C. without D. except14. A. charged B. stolen C. re
17、turned D. saved15. A. remember B. promise C. explain D. believe16. A. Strangely B. Hopefully C. Typically D. Normally17. A. applying B. begging C. heading D. searching18. A. handed B. dropped C. tied D. covered19. A. envelope B. flag C. notice D. board20. A. adjust B. commit C. declare D. realize21.
18、 A. ashamed B. scared C. touched D. confused22. A. ignore B. suspect C. admit D. understand23. A. threw B. lost C. sent D. left24. A. own B. earn C. copy D. seek25. A. flexible B. important C. secure D. comfortable26. A. affected B. combined C. replaced D. defeated27. A. miss B. follow C. count D. r
19、ecommend28. A. guide B. host C. stranger D. neighbor29. A. prize B. wish C. chance D. view30. A. check B. predict C. doubt D. wonder【答案】11. D 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D 16. A 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D【解析】文章主要介绍了作者儿子的自行车被偷了，一个好心人给了 100 元，让他们再买辆新的
20、，虽然过去了很多年，但作者和家人仍然感激陌生人的仁慈。【11 题详解】考查动词。A. walking 散步； B. flying 飞；C. jumping 跳；D. riding 骑。根据 They spent hours and hours on their bikes, _1_ up and down the footpath, and at the front of the house.可知，他们花了好几个小时骑自行车，在人行道上骑来骑去，在房子前面骑来骑去。故选 D。【12 题详解】考查名词。A. family 家庭；B. club 俱乐部；C. staff 职员； D. depart
21、ment 部门。根据 We also rode as a _2_ at holidays, when all the members enjoyed staying together.可知，我们也像一家人一样在假期骑马，因为所有的成员都喜欢呆在一起。故选 A。【13 题详解】考查介词。A. against 反对；B. before 在-之前；C. without 没有；D. except 除-之外。根据Bicycling was a great way to get the kids out of the house and into the fresh air _3_ spending an
22、y money.可知，骑自行车是让孩子们走出家门，呼吸新鲜空气而不用花钱的好方法。故选C。【14 题详解】考查动词。 A. charged 收费； B. stolen 偷；C. returned 归还；D. saved 挽救。根据 Bradley discovered that his bicycle had been _4_ from our backyard when he and his sister went outside for a morning ride.可知，Bradley 和他妹妹早上出去骑车时发现他的自行车从我家后院被偷了。故选 B。【15 题详解】考查动词。A. rem
23、ember 记得；B. promise 许诺；C. explain 解释；D. believe 相信。根据 He couldnt _5_ that someone would do this.可知，他不敢相信有人会做这件事。故选 D。【16 题详解】考查副词。A. Strangely 奇怪地；B. Hopefully 充满希望地； C. Typically 典型地；D. Normally正常地。根据_6_, none of the other bicycles were touched and nothing else was missing.可知，奇怪的是，其他的自行车没有一辆被碰过，别的什
24、么也没有丢。故选 A。【17 题详解】考查动词。 A. applying 申请；B. begging 祈求；C. heading 朝- 行进； D. searching 搜寻。根据 Bradley painted a sign (告示) on a large piece of cardboard, _7_ for the bicycle to be returned, and _8_ it to the letterbox.可知，Bradley 在一张大纸板上画了一个牌子，请求归还自行车，并把它绑在信箱上。故选 B。【18 题详解】考查动词。A. handed 递送，帮助； B. droppe
25、d 下降，减少；C. tied 系； D. covered 覆盖。根据 Bradley painted a sign (告示) on a large piece of cardboard, _7_ for the bicycle to be returned, and _8_ it to the letterbox.可知，Bradley 在一张大纸板上画了一个牌子，请求归还自行车，并把它绑在信箱上。故选 C。【19 题详解】考查名词。A. envelope 信封；B. flag 旗帜；C. notice 通知；D. board 木板。根据 The following morning, when
26、 I went out to collect the mail, I found a white _9_ with the magical words, “Buy yourself a new bike.”可知，第二天早上，当我出去收邮件时，我发现了一个白色的信封，上面写着神奇的文字:“给自己买一辆新自行车。 ”故选 A。【20 题详解】考查动词。A. adjust 调整；B. commit 犯罪；C. declare 宣布；D. realize 意识到。根据 It took me a little while to _10_ what it was inside it.可知，我花了一点时间才
27、意识到里面装的是什么。故选 D。【21 题详解】考查形容词。A. ashamed 害羞的； B. scared 害怕的；C. touched 受感动的；D. confused 困惑的。根据 We were very _11_ that someone had the heart to do this.可知，有人有心做这件事，我们很感动。故选 C。【22 题详解】考查动词。A. ignore 忽视；B. suspect 怀疑；C. admit 承认；D. understand 明白。根据 Weve never been able to thank the person but we _12_ t
28、hat it may have been one of our wonderful neighbors.可知，我们从来没有能够感谢那个人，但我们怀疑他可能是我们的一个很好的邻居。故选 B。【23 题详解】考查动词。A. threw 扔；B. lost 丢失；C. sent 寄派；D. left 离开。根据 Bradley painted a big “Thank you” on the sign and we _13_ it outside for a couple of weeks afterwards in case it was someone who drove down our st
29、reet.可知，Bradley 在牌子上画了一个大大的“谢谢你”，然后我们把它放在外面几个星期，以防有人开车经过我们的街道。故选 D。【24 题详解】考查动词。A. own 拥有；B. earn 挣得；C. copy 复制；D. seek 寻找。根据 Bradley was able to _14_ a new bicycle.可知，Bradley 有了一辆新自行车。故选 A。【25 题详解】考查形容词。A. flexible 灵活的；B. important 重要的；C. secure 安全的； D. comfortable舒适的。根据 As the years went on, bicyc
30、les became bigger and more expensive but remained just as _15_ for those family bicycle rides.可知，随着时间的推移，自行车变得更大，更贵，但对那些骑自行车的家庭仍然是重要的。故选 B。【26 题详解】考查动词。A. affected 影响；B. combined 结合；C. replaced 替代；D. defeated 打败。根据Now the kids have grown up and cars have _16_ their bicycles.可知，现在孩子们长大了，汽车已经取代了他们的自行车
31、。故选 C。【27 题详解】考查动词。A. miss 想念，错过；B. follow 跟随；C. count 称得上；D. recommend 推荐。根据Sometimes I _17_ the days when receiving a bicycle was the best thing in the world to them.可知，有时我怀念那些对他们来说收到自行车是世界上最好的事情的日子。故选 A。【28 题详解】考查名词。A. guide 向导；B. host 主持；C. stranger 陌生人；D. neighbor 邻居。根据 All these years later we
32、 are still grateful to that incredibly kind _18_.可知，这么多年过去了，我们仍然对那个非常善良的陌生人心存感激。故选 C。【29 题详解】考查名词。A. prize 奖品；B. wish 愿望；C. chance 机会；D. view 观点。根据 A young boys sorrow turned to joy when he got his _19_.可知，当一个小男孩实现了他的愿望时，他的悲伤变成了快乐。故选 B。【30 题详解】考查动词。A. check 核对；B. predict 预测；C. doubt 怀疑；D. wonder 想知道
33、。根据 We still talk about it and, even now, _20_ who actually gave us the help.可知，我们仍然在谈论它，甚至到现在，还在想到底是谁给了我们帮助。故选 D。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APlanning to get away? Think passport firstIf youre planning to get away from it all this yea
34、r, you should think passport first. Checking you have a valid passport before you book your trip takes minutes but could save you the trouble and cost of not being able to goRenewing (更新) your passport before it runs outYou can renew your passport up to 9 months before it can no longer be legally us
35、ed. So take the time now and save the tears later.Applying for a passport for the first timeOur eligibility (资格) checks mean that it takes a minimum of one week to issue (颁发) a passport. So make sure you dont leave it to the last minute, and apply in plenty of time.Help with your application is just
36、 around the cornerSelected Post Office branches and Worldchoice travel agents offer a Check and Send service that helps you with your application. Its convenient and you should receive your passport within 2 weeks.If you need to apply for or renew a passport, you can either:Pick up a Passport Applic
37、ation Form at Selected Post Office branches and Worldchoice travel agents.Or call the Application Form Request line on 0901 4700 100 or visit www.passport.gov.ukIf your need is urgent, call 0870 521 0410 for an appointment at one of our offices. We cant guarantee to see customers without an appointm
38、ent.From 14th January a guaranteed same day (passport renewals only) or one week service will be available from passport public counters.*Calls will be charged 60p per minute and the cost per call should not normally be more than 90p.*Calls are charged at national rates.31. When applying for a passp
39、ort for the first time, you need to know that _.A. passports can be legally used foreverB. passports are issued at the last minuteC. application checks take at least one weekD. applications are selected by post office branches32. According to the passage, you can meet your urgent need by _.A. going
40、to the offices directlyB. making a call for an appointmentC. visiting www.passport.gov.uk for a guaranteeD. getting in touch with Worldchoice travel agents33. What is the passage mainly about?A. Certain types of passports.B. Different functions of passports.C. Advantages of holding passports.D. Inst
41、ructions on applying for passports.【答案】31. C 32. B 33. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是关于申请护照须知。【31 题详解】推理判断题。根据 Help with your application is just around the corner 中 Its convenient and you should receive your passport within 2 weeks.可知，当你第一次申请护照时，你需要知道申请检查至少需要一个星期。故选 C。【32 题详解】细节理解题。根据 Or call the Application
42、 Form Request line on 0901 4700 100 or visit www.passport.gov.uk 中 If your need is urgent, call 0870 521 0410 for an appointment at one of our offices.可知，根据短文，你可以通过打电话预约来满足你的紧急需要。故选 B。【33 题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段 If youre planning to get away from it all this year, you should think passport first. Checking y
43、ou have a valid passport before you book your trip takes minutes but could save you the trouble and cost of not being able to go.可知，本文讲述的是关于申请护照须知。故选 D。BA Teenage InventorThe world could be one step closer to quick and inexpensive Ebola detection thanks to a teenager from Connecticut.Olivia Hallisey
44、, a junior at Greenwich High School, was awarded $50,000 in the Google Science Fair for her new method that detects Ebola, a virus that causes bleeding from different parts of the body and usually causes death. Olivias method is to ask patients to put their saliva (唾液) onto a testing card. The card
45、changes color if the person is catching Ebloa. Present Ebloa tests take up to 12 hours and cost $1,000. Olivias method, however, can be done just in 30 minutes for about $25. Besides, the sample (样本 ) doesnt have to be put in a refrigerator thanks to the silk material Olivia uses to produce the test
46、ing cards.Olivia was inspired to deal with this global problem after watching the news that more than 10,000 people died from Ebola in West Africa. She was particularly worried about the fact that, while the acts of involvement can improve survival rates, present detection methods are costly, time-c
47、onsuming and require complex tools. Olivia got help from her science research teacher. She drew out directions from past research, and figured out detection systems that have proven to work with other diseases, including Lyme disease and yellow fever.“What affects one country affects everyone,” Oliv
48、ia told CNBC. “We have to work together to find answers to the huge challenges which cause harm to the global health.” The Connecticuts teen, who hopes to become a doctor one day, was named the Google Science Fair winner in the competition of 20 competitors from across the globe. The fair is open to young people between the ages of 13 and 18 in most countries.Olivia hopes her success will inspire other girls interested in science and computers. “I would just encourage girls to try it in the beginning, and remind them that they dont have to feel naturally d
