1、Grammar (I),Read the sentence and choose the best explanation.,The moment I heard it, I knew it was a completely new kind of music.I only heard it for a moment (b) For a few seconds when I heard it (c) As soon as I heard it,(c),Some explanations of adverbial clauses of time:,(1) 时间状语从句通常用下列从属连词来引导:
2、after, before, as, once, till, until, (ever) since, when, whenever, while, now (that), as long as, as soon as.如： Now (that) youve grown up, you must stop this childish behavior. Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.,when, while, as的区别 1) 译成“当时候” 时:when+从 句(从句动词是延续性或短暂性动词都行)while+从
3、 句(从句中谓语动词只能用延续性动词) 一般为be doing形式as + 从句(两个动作同步进行) 翻译成 “一边一边 ”如: When the fire broke out, I was watching TV.,The telephone rang while I was cooking.The farmer whistled as he milked. 2) 特殊用法when表示“正要, 这时发生了”与be about to be on the point of 连用 如: We were about to leave when he came in.while表示并列对比 “尽管”
4、如： While he is strong, his brother is weak., “因为” “尽管” 让步的内容 + as + 其它成分Failed as he again, he decided not to give up.,用when/while/as完成下列句子。 1. _ I went into the classroom, he was reading. 2. _ he was speaking, everybody listened carefully. 3. I was about to go out _ a visitor came. 4. He was on the
5、 point of going to bed _ the doorbell rang. A. while B. as C. before D. when,When,While,When,D,1. _ John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.A. As B. As soon as C. While D. Till 2. There is plenty of rain in the south _ there is little in the north.A. while B. as C. when D. so,C,A,表示“一就”时间状语从句 As
6、soon as+句子 还有三种类型的连词 名词: the moment/ minute/ second +句子 The moment I saw her, I cried out. 副词: immediately/directly/instantly+句子Immediately he came, I told him the news. 句式: no soonerthan hardly/scarcely.when,1. I recognized you _ I saw you at the airport. A. the moment B. while C. after D. once 2.
7、No sooner had I arrived home _ it began to rain. A. when B. while C. as D. than,3. Hardly had he reached the school gate _the bell rang. A. while B. when C. as D. as soon as 4. The thieves ran away _ they caught sight of the police. A. the moment B. while C. after D. once,before & after 引导时间状语从句 bef
8、ore 的三种特殊翻译 跟can/could 连用, 译成“还没来及就” 强调时间/距离长，译成“才” 时间/距离短，译成“不到就” It only cost me two hours before I got there.,till 但 till不能放在句首。 I didnt go to bed until (till) my father came back. I worked until (till) he came back.*until 的三个句型 notuntil Not until It is not untilthat (这里不能用when),1. It seemed only
9、 seconds _ theboy finished washing his face. A. when B. before C. after D. even if 2. Not until I began to work _ howmuch time I had wasted.A. didnt I realize B. did I realizeC. I didnt realize D. I realize,3. It was not until she got home _ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. A. when B. that C
10、. where D. before 4. It _we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _ I found we had a lot in common. A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasnt until; when D. wasnt until; that,5. Several weeks had gone by _ I realized the painting was missing.A. before B. since C. when D. after 6. -Why didnt
11、 you tell him about the meeting?-He rushed out of the room _ I could say a word.A. before B. until C. when D. after,(2) 某些表示时间的名词词组, 如 the day, the year, the morning, every time, each time, next time, the first time, By the time等, 也可以引导时间状语从句。 Every time I catch a cold, I have pain in my back. 每一次我感
12、冒的时候，我都会背痛。, Im going to see him next time he comes to Shenzhen. 下一次他来深圳的时候, 我会去看他的。 He left Europe the year World War II broke out. 二战爆发的那一年他离开欧洲。 He had impressed me that way the first time I met him. 我第一次见到他的时候, 他给我留下那样的印象。,By the time+一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。 Be the time+ 一般现在时，主句用现在完成时。 Be the time + 一般
13、将来时，主句用将来完成时。 By the time you came back, I had finished reading this book. By the time you come here, I will have finished this work. By the time I stand here, I have realized my fault.,1. _ I listen to your advice, I get intotrouble.A. Every time B. When C. While D. Until 2. I got to know she was n
14、ice and honest _ I met her.A. first time B. for the first timeC. the first time D. at the first time,3. By this time tomorrow they _ themachine. A. would repair B. will repair C. will be repairing D. will have repaired 4. By the time you receive this letter, I _ this city for my home town.A. have le
15、ft B. will have left C. leave D. will leave,(3) 有些词, 如 immediately, directly, instantly, the (very) moment, the minute, the instant等, 当用于as soon as 的意义时, 也可以引导时间状语从句, 如:I got in touch with him immediately I received his letter. My sister came directly she got my message.,Ill tell you about it the mo
16、ment / the very moment / the minute / the instant you come. (4) 有些关联从属连词, 如 no sooner than / hardly when / scarcely when 等，也能引导时间状语从句。 注意: 如果把no sooner, hardly, scarcely, 置于句首, 它所连带的这部分就要倒装, 如:, She had no sooner heard the news than she cried. No sooner had she heard the news than she cried. They ha
17、d hardly started to work when the trouble began. Hardly had they started to work when the trouble began.,翻译句子,我一见到他就告诉他这个消息。(as soon as)(2) 她一来到教室，就开始读英语。(as soon as),Ill tell him the news as soon as I see him.,As soon as she came into the classroom, she began to read English.,(3) 我刚一到家天就下雨了。(no soo
18、ner than )(4) 他刚做完试卷，铃声就响了。(hardly when ),I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.,He had hardly finished the test when the bell rang.,(5) 他一来，你就可立即离开。(immediately)(6) 我一见到你，就认出你来了。(the moment),You may leave immediately he comes.,I recognized you the moment I saw you.,(7) 每次见面，他都向我问候，说“你好！”(e
19、ach time / every time)(8) 到18岁的时候，她已大学毕业了。(by the time),He greeted with “Hello!” each time he saw me.,By the time she was 18, she had already graduated from the university.,Grammar (2),Read the following sentences and say which one is better and why.,Mike said that he would come to school to see me
20、the next day, but he didnt come to school to see me the next day. 2. Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didnt.,Answer: The second sentence is better than the first one. Because it left out the same part of one sentence. It can make us easy to understand and easy to
21、 read.,Ellipses 省略,(1) 简单句省略 省略主语 I Beg your pardon. / It Sounds a good idea. / You Take care! 省略谓语 Who comes next? / Well do the best we can do. 省略表语 - Are you ready? - Yes, I am ready. Tom is not cruel, nor is his sister cruel.,省略宾语 Lets do the dishes. Ill wash dishes and youll dry dishes. 省略主谓 I
22、am sorry. 省略定语 He spent part of the money, and the rest of the money he saved. 省略主谓宾- Do you like English? - Yes, I like English very much.,(2) 复合句中的省略 so, not的替代性省略 肯定: I think (hope, suppose, believe, expect, guess, am afraid) so. 否定: I dont think (believe, suppose, expect) so.I think (suppose, be
23、lieve, expect, guess, hope, am afraid) not. e.g. Do you think it will rain tomorrow? I think so. / I dont think so. / I think not.,状语从句中的省略 由when, while, as, once, whenever引导的时间状语从句 (b) if, unless引导的条件状语从句 (c) though, although, as if, as引导的方式状语从句E.g. When it is heated, a piece of ice will turn into
24、water. If it is necessary, I will apologize to him. Be careful while you are crossing the street.,注意,如果从句的主语是it或与主句相同, 谓语含有be, 常省略从句的主语和be动词。,宾语从句的省略 I believe that you will succeed. 定语从句关系代词的省略（限定性定语从句） E.g. Ill give you all that I have. I dont like the way that / in which you talk to do others. Sh
25、aoguan is no longer the city which / that it used to be. I arrived here the day when he left.,省略从句与主句相同的部分 Dont eat more food than it is good for. (3) 其他省略现象不定式中的省略(tell, ask, advise, permit, force, etc.) He may leave if he wishes to leave. He wanted to go but I told him not to go. - Could you come?
26、 - Im glad to / would love to come.,不定式在happy, glad, eager, ready, willing, love后时可以省略，但要保留to E.g. -Would you love to come?- Yes, I would love to come. 有固定短语引起的疑问句 E.g. What about having a game of chess?Why not try again?,Change the sentences into elliptical sentences.,1. She likes singing and she l
27、ikes dancing. 2. Is this the driver that you talked about yesterday? 3. The man who is sitting by the window is Mr. Smith. 4. He could not decide whether to buy the car or not to buy the car.,5. When it is heated, the metal expands. 6. You can do it if you want to do it. 7. My father planed all these houses and my father built all these houses. 8. He is the last person that I want to see. 9. He worked hard but his brother did not work hard. 10. While he was reading the newspaper, grandpa nodded from time to time.,
