1、EnglishWriting 英语书面表达,初中英语作文要求要求学生在20分钟内写出60-80词左右的短文，并且质量高、内容全、形式正确。,主要问题,要点不全,线索不清,【我的经验】,审题 确定文体 记叙文 书信 。 把人称和时态定下来 列出要点 句句之间，段段之间最好能用连接词、句子，如first of all，above all，at last ，高级一点的可以用meanwhile,书面表达六步法,假定你叫张华，最近从报纸上得知美国某公司将在你的家乡建一座工厂，请给该公司写封电子邮件。要点如下：表示欢迎：有利于家乡发展等；感到担忧：造成环境污染等；希望了解有关环保措施及更多信息。注意：1词
2、数80-100；2请不要逐句翻译，可适当发挥以使行文连贯；3邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir or Madam, _Yours faithfully,Zhang Hua,针对3要点,good for the development of my hometown more jobs 好处 同意该项目 However noise and pollution more information,再加点写信的客套话，就ok了全文如下,Dear Sir or Madam,I am a middle school student. I have recently learned
3、from the newspaper that you are going to build a factory here in my hometown. There is no doubt that it is good for the development of my hometown and it will provide us with more jobs. Most of us stand by the program. However, some of us are worried that the factory will make much noise and pollute
4、 the environment of the area. I would like to know whether you have any plans for the environment protection.Would you please offer us more information about it?Im looking forward to hearing from you.Yours faithfullyZhang Hua,紧张的初中学习生活就要结束了，你即将迎来一个轻松的暑假。请根据下面方框内的提示写一篇短文，谈谈你的假期计划。 暑假计划 1、好好休息，学会放松2、读
5、书，因为读书既有趣又能学到很多知识3、陪父母聊天，帮他们做家务4、参加社会活动，了解社会5、 注意：1、词数80100；2、文中不得出现真实的地址和姓名；3、方框内容不必逐字翻译，可适当发挥。参考词汇：知识 knowledge, 社会活动 social activities,时态,The summer holiday is coming. Im going to have a good rest and learn to relax myself. I will read more useful books because reading more books is not only inte
6、resting but also can make me learn more knowledge. I will try to spend more time in chatting with my parents and help them to do some housework. I am going to take part in the social activities so that I can know more about the society. If possible, Id like to go to Shanghai for a visit of the World
7、 Expo. Im sure Ill have an interesting and meaningful summer holiday.,开头,1、开门见山，揭示主题 文章一开头就交待清楚文章的主题是什么。如“How I Spent My Vacation“(我怎样度假)的开头是： I spent my last vacation happily. 下面是题为“Honesty“(谈诚实)一文中的开头： Honesty is one of the best virtues. An honest man is always trusted and respected. On the contra
8、ry, one who tells lies is regarded as a “liar“, and is looked upon by honest people.,2、交代人物、事情、时间或环境开头 在文章的开头，先把人物、事件和环境交待清楚。例如“A Trip to Jinshan“ (去金山旅游)的开头： The day before yesterday my class went on a bus trip to Jinshan. The bus ride there took three hours. The long trip made us very tired, but t
9、he sight of the beautiful sea refreshed us.,3、 回忆性的开头 用回忆的方法来开头。例如“A Trip to the Taishan Mountain“(泰山游)的开头是： I remember my first trip to the Taishan Mountain as if it were yesterday.,4、概括性的开头 即对要在文章中叙述的人或事先作一个概括性的介绍。如“The Happiness of Reading Books“(读书的快乐)的开头： People often say that gold and silver a
10、re the most valuable things in the world. But I say that to read books is more valuable than anything else, because books give us knowledge and knowledge gives us power.,5、介绍环境式的开头 即开头利用自然景物或自然环境引出要介绍的事物。如“An Accident“(一场事故)的开头是: It was a rainy and windy morning. The sky was gloomy, the temperature
11、was low, and the street was nearly empty. I was on my way back to school. Suddenly, a speeding car came round the corner.,6、交待写作目的的开头 在文章的一开头就交待写作目的，如通过文章要表扬谁，批评谁，或说明一个什么问题等。如“Pollution Control“(控制污染)的开头： In this article I shall draw your attention to the subject of pollution control.,1.表文章结构顺序：Firs
12、t of all，Firstly/First，Secondly/SecondAnd then，Finally，In the end，At last 2.表并列补充关系的：What is more，Besides，Moreover 3.表转折对比关系的：However，On the contrary，but Although +clause(从句)，Inspite of+n/doing ，On one handOn the other handSome，while others,常用连接词：,表示并列关系的：and, as well as, or 表示转折关系的：but, yet, howeve
13、r 表示时间关系的：when, while, after, before, then, after that 表示因果关系的：so, therefore ,as a result 表示目的的：in order to, in order that , so as to, so that 表示列举的：for example , such as 表示总结性的：in general, in all, in a word, generally speaking,4.表因果关系的：Because，As So，Thus，Therefore，As a result 5.表换一种方式表达：In other wo
14、rds 6.表进行举例说明：For example，句子;For instance，句子;such as +n/doing 7.表陈述事实：In fact 8.表达自己观点：As far as I know，In my opinion 9.表总结：In short，In a word，In conclusion，In summary,一些记叙文和描写文经常采用自然结尾的方法；但说理性和逻辑性较强的说明文和议论文则往往都有结束语，以便使文章首尾呼应，结构完整。,结尾,1、首尾呼应，画龙点睛在文章的结尾，把含义较深的话放在末尾，以点明主题，深化主题，起到画龙点睛的效果。如“I Cannot For
15、get Her” （我忘不了她）的结尾： After her death， I felt as if something were missing in my life. I was sad over her passing away， but I knew she would not have had any regrets at having given her life for the benefit of the people.,2、重复主题句结尾回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上，达到强调的效果。如“I Love My Home Town”（我爱家乡）的结尾： I love my
16、home town， and I love its people. They too have changed. They are going all out to do more for the good of our motherland.,3、自然结尾随着文章的结束，文章自然而然地结尾。如“Fishing”（钓鱼）的结尾： I caught as many as twenty fish in two hours， but my brother caught many more. Tired from fishing， we lay down on the river bank， bath
17、ing in the sun. We returned home very late.,4、含蓄性的结尾 用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接点明作者的看法，而是让读者自己去领会和思考。如“A Day of Harvesting”（收割的日子）的结尾： Evening came before we realized it. We put down our sickles and looked at each other. Our clothes were wet with sweat， but on every face there was a smile.,5、用反问结尾 虽然形式是问句，但意义却是肯定
18、的，并具有特别的强调作用，引起读者深思。如“Should We Learn to Do Housework？”（我们要不要学做家务？） 的结尾。 Everyone should learn to do housework. Dont you agree， boys and girls？,6、指明方向，激励读者结尾表示对将来的展望，或期待读者投入行动。如“Lets Go in for Sports”（让我们参加体育运动）的结尾：As we have said above， sports can be of great value. They not only make people live h
19、appily but also help people to learn virtues and do their work bettter. A sound mind is in a sound body. Lets go in for sports.,一、审题,确定基本要素:5W1H when where who why what how 注意：观点正确，不偏激。,二、抓要点,确定主要行为,What happened?,三、扩展成句,形成基本语义单位,Who did what?,四、连句成文,时间 空间 细节 连贯 呼应,(1)避免汉语式英语，尽量使用自己熟悉的句型。,(2)多用简单句型，记事、写人一般都不需要复杂的句型。可适当多使用陈述句、一般疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。,(3) 语态、时态要准确无误。主谓语要一致。 注意人称代词的宾格形式。注意冠词用法。注意拼写、标点符号和大小写。,第五步 查错改错,格式是否有错 拼写有无错误 语言是否用错 时态、语态错误 标点错误 人称是否用错,第六步 誊写,卷面整洁不一定加分， 卷面潦草一定要扣分！,Have a good day!,
