1、八年级下册 Units 1-2,. 短语双语互译 1. 感冒 have a _ 2. 胃痛 have a _ 3. 躺下 lie _ 4. 发烧 have a _ 5. 下车 get _ 6. 放弃 give _ 7. 推迟 put _ 8. 照顾; 非常喜欢 care _,cold,stomachache,down,fever,off,up,off,for,9. 赠送; 捐赠 give _ 10. 修理; 装饰 fix _ 11. 建立; 设立 _ up 12. make a difference _ 13. take ones temperature _ 14. take breaks _
2、 15. to ones surprise _ 16. right away _ 17. get into _,away,up,set,影响; 有作用,量体温,休息,使惊讶的,立即; 马上,陷入; 参与,18. be used to _ 19. get out of _ 20. be in control of _ 21. give out _ 22. come up with _,习惯于,离开; 从出来,掌管; 管理,分发; 散发,想出; 提出,1【记一记 知识构建】trouble的用法,中考考点,【归纳拓展】 trouble作动词, 意为“打扰; 使烦恼”, 常用搭配为: trouble
3、sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事be sorry to trouble sb. 很抱歉打扰某人 【一言辨异】 Dont trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. 麻烦没找你, 你别找麻烦。,【练一练 走近中考】 (2014福州中考)Jack, I have _working out the math problem. Dont worry. Let me help you. A. fun B. trouble C. experience,不要嘲笑处于困境中的人。 Dont laugh at the people_ _. We have s
4、ome trouble _(work) out the problem. 答案: in trouble working,2.【记一记 知识构建】give up的用法 (1)give up是动副短语, 后接代词作宾语时, 必须放在两词中间。 (2)give up后接动词时需用动词的-ing形式, 相当于stop doing sth. 。 整天玩电脑游戏对你的健康有害。你应该放弃它。 Playing computer games all day is bad for your health. You should_ _. 你应该戒烟。 You should_ _ _. 答案: give it up
5、 give up smoking,【归纳拓展】give的相关短语,【练一练 走近中考】 (2014襄阳中考)He failed to break the world record for long jump many times, but he never _his hope. took off B. put away C. gave up D. turned down 2.(2013滨州中考)Diaoyu Island belongs to China. Surely it does! We Chinese will never _it up. A. cut B. fix C. give D
6、. set 【解析】选C。考查动词短语搭配。cut up“切碎”; fix up“修理”; give up“放弃”; set up“建立”。句意: 钓鱼岛属于中国。当然是! 我们中国人绝不会放弃它。所以选择答案C。,3.【记一记 知识构建】cheer up的用法 (1)cheer up也可以单独使用, 表示“变得高兴, 振奋起来”。 (2)cheer sb. up意为“使某人高兴起来”, 相当于make sb. happy。如果宾语是名词或词组, 可放在cheer up的中间或后面, 若是代词作宾语, 则只能放在cheer up的中间。 【填一填 思维激活】 振作起来吧! 你的困难不久就会过去
7、的。 _ _! Your trouble will soon be over. 橙色能带给我们成功, 使我们振作。 Orange can bring us success and _us_. 答案: Cheer up cheer; up,【归纳拓展】有关up的短语,【练一练 走近中考】 (2014安徽中考)We failed in the singing competition. _. Better times are waiting for you. A. No way B. Best wishes C. Cheer up D. Good job,4.【辨一辨 考点突破】alone与lone
8、ly的用法辨析,【一言辨异】 I was travelling alone in the lonely mountain. I didnt feel lonely though I was alone. 我独自在荒凉的山里旅行。虽孤身一人, 但我并不感到寂寞。,【填一填 思维激活】 He doesnt want to go there alone. (改为同义句) He doesnt want to go there_ _. 你无法想象他在外面可能会多么孤独和无助。 You cannot imagine how_ and helpless he can be on the outside. 答
9、案: by himself lonely 【练一练 走近中考】 (安顺中考)His grandparents live _in a small house, but they dont feel_. A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone,(2013上海中考)My old neighbour Charles felt _after his children moved out. A. lonely B. safely C. angrily D. happily 【解析】选A。考查词汇辨析。由“他的孩
10、子搬出去之后”可知“我的老邻居查尔斯感到寂寞”。lonely“孤独的; 寂寞的”。,5.【辨一辨 考点突破】rise与raise的不同,【填一填 思维激活】 选词填空(raise, rise)。 Look! Change-_into the sky. She _her both hands in order to answer the question as the first one. 答案: is rising raised,【图解助记】,【练一练 走近中考】 (2014来宾中考)Many stars_(筹集)money for homeless children nowadays. Th
11、ey are so kind. 答案: raise,6.【辨一辨 考点突破】difficult/difficultly/difficulty的用法辨析,【 【填一填 思维激活】 I have_ (difficult) reading at times. 当你做决定有困难时, 可以打电话给我。 You can call me if you have _ _a decision. 答案: difficulty difficulty making 练一练 走近中考】 (2013聊城中考)I have great _in finishing the work by myself. Could you
12、help me? No problem. A. fun B. success C. advice D. difficulty,【重点句型】 1. Whats the matter? 怎么了? I have a stomachache. 我胃痛。,【思一思 句型剖析】 (1)Whats the matter? 意为“怎么了? ”常用来询问身体有什么不适或有什么不顺心的事, 也可以用来询问某物出了什么故障, 后面可接with sb. /sth. , 表示“某人/某物怎么了? ”。 (2)由-ache构成的复合名词,(3)“have+a+名词”型短语,【归纳拓展】,【练一练 走近中考】 (2014江
13、西中考)Hi, John. _? Its Lucy, my dog. Her leg is hurt. A. How are you B. Whats the matter C. Whos that D. Whats Lucy like,2. Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the doctors saved the man in time. 多亏了王先生和这些乘客, 医生才及时挽救了这个(老)人。 【思一思 句型剖析】thanks to“由于; 幸亏”, 介词短语, 后接名词、代词, 强调感谢的对象。 Thanks to your help, w
14、e can finish the work on time. 多亏了你的帮忙, 我们才准时完成工作。,【归纳拓展】 thanks for“因而感谢”, 客套用语, thanks相当于thank you。for为介词, 后接名词或动词-ing, 强调为何而感谢。 Thanks for inviting me to your party. 谢谢你邀请我参加你的聚会。,【练一练 走近中考】 (2014四川中考)Thanks _Mr. Hu, we have learnt many English songs. A. for B. at C. to,1【辨一辨 考点突破】right away/righ
15、t now的用法辨析,【填一填 思维激活】 他马上意识到什么地方出了问题。 He realized_ _that there was something wrong. 他现在不在办公室。 He is not in the office_ _. 答案: right away right now,【练一练 走近中考】 (2012黄冈中考)What would you do if you _the traffic accident? I would_. A. see; do my housework first B. saw; buy some fruit right away C. see; ca
16、ll at 110 at once D. saw; call the police right away,If的虚拟语气，与事实相反。从句：if+主语+过去式（be动词用were）主句：主语+should/would/might/could+do 例子：If I were you, I would take an umbrella. If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.,2【记一记 知识构建】三种“修理”的不同,【填一填 思维激活】 他把机器固定在地上。 He_ the machine on the ground. The worke
17、rs are_ (repairing/mending/fixing) the old bridge. 答案: fixed repairing,【练一练 走近中考】 (2013菏泽中考)Why do you collect so many old bikes? Ill have them _and give away to the children who dont have bikes. A. used up B. given up C. fixed up D. set up,3. death n. 死; 死亡 【填一填 思维激活】 用die的适当形式填空。 她妈妈的死对她是个打击。 Her
18、mothers _was a shock to her. The_ old man told his sons that there was a gold pot under the tall tree in front of their house. After telling them about that, the old man closed his eyes and _. 答案: death dying; died,4. care for照顾; 非常喜欢 【填一填 思维激活】 He often cares for his sick mother. (改为同义句) He often_
19、_ _his sick mother. He often_ _his sick mother. 我喜欢绿茶。 I_ _green tea. 答案: takes care of; looks after care for,【记一记 知识构建】care for的用法,【练一练 走近中考】 (2013黄石中考)Many students in our school _the old and they usually offer their seats to them on buses. A. worry about B. care for C. agree with D. take care,5【记
20、一记 知识构建】run out短语的用法 (1)run out意为“用尽”, 相当于be used up, 其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词; run out是不及物动词短语, 其后不能带宾语, 无被动形式。 (2)run out of sth. (= use up sth. )意为“用尽某物”, 其主语一般是人。,【填一填 思维激活】 Lin Taos pocket money was used up yesterday. (改为同义句) Lin Taos pocket money_ _yesterday. The writer had run out of the ink before
21、he finished writing. (改为同义句) The ink_ _ _before the writer finished writing. 答案: ran out had run out,【练一练 走近中考】 (2014黄冈中考)He told the interviewer that he had run out of money to buy old bikes. A. put away B. turned off C. taken out D. used up,6.【记一记 知识构建】imagine的用法总结 (1)imagine作及物动词, 后跟名词、代词、动名词或从句作
22、宾语。 (2)imagine后跟复合宾语, 即imagine +名词/代词+动名词。 Jimmys mother imagines Jimmy becoming a film star one day. 吉米的妈妈想象有一天吉米会成为一名电影明星。,【填一填 思维激活】 Look! The boy is running so fast! I cant_(想象)that his right leg was once broken. 你能想象乔治做饭的样子吗? Can you _George _dinner? 答案: imagine imagine; cooking,【练一练 走近中考】 (河南中
23、考)The Internet is so closely connected with our daily life. Can you _a life without it? A. understand B. imagine C. consider D. expect,7. Should I take my temperature? 我应该量一下体温吗? 【思一思 句型剖析】 (1)should作情态动词, 有实际的词义, 但它不可单独作谓语, 须与动词原形连用, 没有人称和数的变化。 You should work harder. 你应该更努力地工作。 (2)常用句型: You should
24、 /shouldnt do sth. “你(不)应该做某事”。,【温馨提示】 should表示预测和可能性, 意为“应该; 可能”。 We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭时间应该能到了。 She should be here at any moment. 她随时都可能来。,【练一练 走近中考】 (2014云南中考)You look really tired. _? I didnt sleep well last night. I had a headache. A. How about you B. What should I do C. Whats t
25、he matter D. How are you feeling now,语法：不定式的句法功能,做主语eg. To master a foreign language is necessary for a college student.It is good manners to help people in trouble,做表语eg. Your job is to wash dishes.All I did was to give him some advice.,做宾语 eg. She promised to give him a chance.I cannt afford to bu
26、y a car.,注意：有些动词后面只能用不定式做宾语，这样的动词有：refuse, promise, pretend, wish, hope, agree, ask, decide, expect, manage, offer, warn,但有些动词后只能跟动名词，例如：admit, avoid, keep, prevent, consider, delay, enjoy, excuse, finish, resist, pardon, put off, look forward to,不定式做宾语补足语有两种情况应加以注意：A 根据情况的表达， 可以在不定式前加上where, how, w
27、hen,what 等疑问副词。eg. Could you tell me how to repair the maching?No one told me where to find him.,B.不定式在感官动词 see, hear, watch,feel,notice和使役动词 let, make, have 后做宾语补足语时，不加不定式符号“to”.eg. I never let my child stay in the house all day.I heard her say that shed like to go to the concert.Could you help me
28、(to) unload the car?,做主语补足语eg. I was asked to help him with his lessons.主语补足语实际上就是句子主动语态时句子中的宾语补足语，当原句中的宾语提前做主语，句子转化成被动语态时，原来的宾语补足语就成了转化后的句子中的主语补足语。,注意：做宾语补足语的不定式，转化成主语补足语的时候，原来省去的“to”应该加上去，。 . eg. She was seen to go out a minute ago. He was made to give up drinking,6.做定语eg. Have you got a pencil to
29、 draw pictures with?Is there anyone to take care of these children?,7. 不定式做状语eg. She got off the train to see a friend .（目的状语）She got off the train in order to see a friend.She got off the train so as to see a friend.In order to see a friend , she got off the train .,做结果状语：eg. He was too excited to
30、say anything.The children are old enough to go to school.He hurried to the station, only to see that the train had left.“ only + to do sth” 表出乎意料的结果,不定式的时态与语态,3.动词不定式的复合结构 A 疑问词+不定式eg. When to start has not been decided yet. The problem is how to persuade him to change his mind.We must learn what to
31、 do in face of difficulties. B. 带有逻辑主语的结构eg. Its important for us to master a foreign language.The first thing for us to do is to clean the room.,4.省“to”的情况 A 在do nothing/ anything/ everything but/ except 等后，不带不定式符号“to”.eg. He said he would do anything except cook.,He did nothing but look on.,注意：只有e
32、xcept, but 而没有do nothing / anything / everything 时，要带不定式符号“to”.eg. It has no choice but to lie down and sleep.They didnt open their mouths except to complain.He does nothing but play all day.At the news she didnt say anything but cry.,B. 在 would rather, had better, rather than , can not but, cant he
33、lp but 等后不定式符号要省。eg. I couldnt help but wait for the next bus to come.我不得不等下一班车。I cant choose but do it.我初了这样做之外别无选择。,趁热打铁,1.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _it more difficult. A.not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 2.Ive worked with children before, so I know
34、 what_ in my new job. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects 3. There are five pairs _ , but Im at a loss which to buy. A. To be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing 4. .-Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day?- _ enough protein and nutrition as you are
35、growing up. A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be getting up 5. I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A. to go B. to go C. going D. to have gone,7. He made a long speech _ his ignorance(无知) of the subject.A. only to show B. only showing C. showing D.
36、enough to show 8. - What did you hear last night?- I seemed _ someone knock at the door.A. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to have heard D. having heard 9. Though we have had a long discussion, many problems still remain_. A. to be discussed B discussing C discussed D .to discuss 10. -Did you have t
37、rouble with your car this morning ?- Yes ,but I finally managed _.A to get it start B get it starting C to get it started D. getting it started,八年级下册 Units 3-4,. 短语双语互译 1. 频繁; 反复 _ the time 2. 一就; 尽快 _ soon _ 3. 目的是; 为了 in order _ 4. 给某人提供某物 provide sb. _ sth. provide sth. _ sb. offer sth. _ sb. 5.
38、快速查看; 浏览 look _ 6. 成功地发展; 解决 work _,all,as,as,to,with,for,to,through,out,7. 和睦相处 get on _ 8. 和某人为某事争吵 argue _ sb. _ sth. 9. 删除; 删去 cut _ 10. 比较; 对比 compare. . . _ 11. take out the rubbish _ 12. take care of _ 13. in ones opinion _,with,with,about,out,with,倒垃圾,照顾; 处理,依看,1【记一记 知识构建】“借”法不同,【巧学助记】,【核心词汇
39、】 【填一填 思维激活】 你能借给我一些钱吗? Could you_ me some money? 我每个星期都从图书馆借书。 I_ books_ the library every week. 这本书我可以借多长时间? How long can I_ the book? 答案: lend borrow; from keep,【练一练 走近中考】 (2014南充中考)Excuse me, can I _your pen? Sorry, I have _it to Bob. A. borrow; lent B. borrow; borrowed C. lend; borrowed D. lend
40、; lent,2.【记一记 知识构建】in order to用法总结 (1)in order to“为了”, 可以用于句首或句中, 其否定式为in order not to。 (2)in order to相当于so as to, 但是so as to多用于否定句中, 其否定式为so as not to。,(3)in order to和so as to表示目的时, 可以转化为in order that或so that引导的目的状语从句。 为了赶上早班车, 他不得不早起。 He has to get up early in order to catch the early bus. He has
41、to get up early in order that he can catch the early bus. He has to get up early so that he can catch the early bus.,【填一填 思维激活】 为了完成那篇报告, 他熬夜到很晚。 _ _ _finish the report, he stayed up late. Many students start work so that they can help provide better lives for their parents. (改为同义句) Many students st
42、art work_ _ _ help provide better lives for their parents. 答案: In order to in order to,【练一练 走近中考】 (2014广东中考)In order _for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. A. not to be late B. not being late C. to be late D. being late,(2012连云港中考)A lot of famous doctors gathered in
43、 Harbin_ save “Chinas most beautiful teacher”Ms Zhang Lili. A. so that B. in order to C. in order that D. as a result,3【辨一辨 考点突破】provide, give和offer的区别 三个词均有“供给; 供应”之意, 区别主要在结构上。,【填一填 思维激活】 城市为乡村提供电力, 乡村为城市提供蔬菜和粮食。 The city _electricity _the country while the country _the city _vegetables and crops. The school library offers plenty of books to us students. (改为同义句) =The school library _plenty of books _us students. =The school library _us students _plenty of books. 答案: provides; for; provides; with provides; for; provides; with,
