1、Unit 1 Women of achievement,知识归纳,_ n. 运动; 战役 vi. 作战; 参加运动 2. _ n. 阴凉处 vt.遮住光线 3. _ adj. 值得的; 值得做的 4. _ n. 人群; 观众 vt. 挤满; 使拥挤 5. _ vt. 鼓舞; 激发; 启示,campaign,shade,worthwhile,crowd,inspire,知识清单,（一）基本单词,6. _ n. & vt. 支持；拥护 7. _ vt. 打算；计划 8. _ n. 突发事件；紧急情况 9. _ vt. 递送；生(孩子)；接生；发表 (演说等) 10. _ n. 成就；完成；达到 1
2、1. _ n. 福利 12. _ n. 计划；工程；项目；课题 13. _ n. 学院；学会；协会 14. _ n. 专家,support,intend,emergency,deliver,achievement,welfare,project,institute,specialist,15. _ n. 巢穴 v. 筑巢 16. _ n. 童年 17. _ adj. 直言无讳的；坦率的 18. _ n. 娱乐 19. _ n. 听众；观众；读者 20. _ n. 比率；等级 21. _ n. 代；产生 22. _ n. 仁慈；好意 23. _ adj. 谦虚的,nest,childhood,o
3、utspoken,entertainment,audience,rate,generation,kindness,modest,1. _ v. 举动; (举止或行为)表现 _ n. 行为; 举止; 习性 2. _ vt. 观察; 观测; 遵守_ n. 观察; 观测 3. _ vt. 值得尊敬的_ adj. 尊敬的,behave,behavior,observe,observation,respect,respectable,respectful,（二）派生单词,4. _ vt. 连接,argue,argument,considerate,consideration,connect,connec
4、tion,1. 离开; 起程; 出发 2. 过着的生活 3. (想法, 问题等) 涌上心头 4. 蔑视; 瞧不起 5. 查阅;参考;谈到 6. 碰巧; 凑巧 7. (偶然)遇见; 碰见 8. 专为而设计 9. 继续; 坚持,move off,lead a . life,crowd in,look down on/upon,（三）短语,refer to,by chance,come across,be intended for,carry on,1. Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in labora
5、tories.once conj. 一就 2. Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.it hits sb. that 某人突然想起,（四）句式,3. I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some research on great women of China.not until 直到才,1. behave vt. (举止或行为
6、) 表现课文原句 Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. 简研究这些黑猩猩已经很多年了，她帮助人们了解它们的行为跟人类的是多么的相似。,核心要点,（一）单词,归纳 behave well / badly towards sb. 对某人态度好/恶劣 behave oneself 表现得体，有礼貌 Do behave! 规矩点！ wellbehaved/badlybehaved 表现好/ 差的 beh
7、ave as if / as though . 表现得好像 拓展 behaviour n. 行为，举止，习性,翻译下列句子。 1. 我不在家时，你们要乖乖的。2. 汤姆由于在学校表现良好，赢得了一份奖品。,I want you to behave yourselves while Im away.,Tom won a prize because he behaved well in school.,2. worthwhile adj. 值得做的；值得的；有价值的课文原句However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. 但这个傍晚让我们觉得这一切都是值得
8、的。归纳It is worthwhile to do / doing sth.做某事是值得的,均可表示“值得的”之意： worthwhile可作定语、表语和宾语补足语。 e.g. It was worthwhile searching for his “roots”. （作表语）I think it is a worthwhile experiment. （作定语）Id think it well worthwhile to go. （作宾语补足语）,worthwhile worth worthy,worth可用作表语或后置定语，后常接名词、代词、动词-ing形式（必须用主动形式）和what从
9、句。 worthy可作表语，也可作定语。作定语时意思为“有价值的”、“值得尊敬的”；用作表语时意思为“值得的”，其后常跟of sth. 或动词不定式。,用worth / worthy / worthwhile填空。 1) Her achievements are _ of the highest praise. 2) Its not _ getting angry with him. 3) He said he was not _ to accept such honour. 4) Thank you for making my visit so _. I shall treasure you
10、r friendship and kind hospitality you have given me.,worthy,worth / worthwhile,worthy,worthwhile,3. observe vt. 观察; 观测; 遵守; 庆祝课文原句She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.她花了多年的时间来观察并记录它们的日常活动。归纳observe sth. 观察某物observe sb. do sth观察某人做某事（全过程）,observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人正在做某事 ob
11、serve that. 观察到,拓展 observer n. 观察者；旁听者；评论员 observation n. 观察，评论 observatory n. 天文台，气象台,根据汉语提示，用observe的适当形式将下 列句子补充完整。 1) You should _ （遵守当地的风俗）when you go abroad. 2) All of us _ (看到他进了教室) with a book in his hand.,observe the local customs,observed him enter the classroom,4. respect vt. 方面课文原句 For f
12、orty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. 40年来，简.古道尔一直呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。,归纳 respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊重某人 be respected as 作为被尊敬 respect oneself 自尊; 自重 show respect for. 尊重 in respect of = with respect to 就而言; 关于; 至于
13、 give/send ones respect to sb. 向某人表示敬意,拓展 respectful adj. 表示敬意的，尊敬的；respectable adj. 体面的，值得尊敬的；respected adj. 受尊敬的，受敬重的,have respect for have respect to 前者表示“尊敬，尊重”，可接指人或事物的 词； 后者表示“注意，考虑”, 多接指事物的词。 e.g. You should have more respect for her feelings. 你必须多尊重她的感情。He had a great respect for those famou
14、s writers. 他非常敬重那些著名作家。He had no respect to my request.他不顾我的请求。,in respect of in (with) respect to 前者意思是“就而论”; 后者意思是“关于，至于”。 e.g. Mr. Smith is senior to me in respect of service.在职务上，史密斯先生要比我高。We must have a talk in (with) respect to their dispute.关于他们的纠葛，我们有必要谈一谈。,5. argue vi. 为而辩护argue against 争辩
15、(反对),argue with sb. on/ about/ over sth. 与某人争辩某事 argue sb. into/ out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事 beyond arguement 无需争论 argue that 提出理由说明,汉译英。 1. 和他争论没有用。2. 他父母说服他不要进行如此危险的旅行。3. 他赞成这种政策。,Its no use arguing with him.,His parents argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey.,He argued for such a po
16、licy.,argue/quarrel/debate/disput/discuss argue: 提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的看法或立场辩护，着重说理、论证和企图说服。 quarrel: 两人之间或两个团体之间不友好的、吵吵嚷嚷地大声争论某事，尤指“吵嘴、吵架”。 debate: 意见等对立的双方之间公开的争辩。 dispute: 对分歧进行热烈的争辩，带一定感情色彩，“各持已见，争论不休”。 discuss: 常用词，就某一问题表明观点、看法等，以便统一认识，解决问题。,6. support n. 维持归纳in support of 为了支持with ones support 在某人的支
17、持下give/offer/provide support to sb. 支持某人support . against . 支持反对support oneself by 靠维持生活support in 在方面给予支,用support翻译下列句子。 1. 她的家人支持她的决定。2. 他努力工作以养活他庞大的家庭。3. 我的英语老师一直都关爱我、支持我。4. 我想说一两句话来支持他的观点。,Her family supported her (in her) decision.,He works hard to support his big family.,My English teacher alw
18、ays gives me care and support.,I would like to say a word or two in support of his views.,7. intend vt. 计划; 打算课文原句 I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside.我仔细地看了这篇文章，了解到那是一专门为农村妇女写的。,归纳 intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 intend to do sth. 打算做某事 inten
19、d doing 打算做某事,intend sb. / sth for 想让从事某事 intend that . 打算 had intended to do sth. =intended to have done sth. 过去本打算做 be intended for 打算供之用,根据中英文提示完成下列句子。 1. 我打算暑假期间在一个环保组织做志愿者。I _ as a volunteer in an environmental protection organization during the summer holidays. 2. 我原打算昨晚去拜访你，但来了一位不速之客。I _ last
20、 night, but an unexpected visitor came.,intend working / to work,had intended to call on you,3. 这本书是为年轻人写的，却深受老年人的欢迎。 This book, which _ the young, is very popular with the old.,is intended for,intend, design, plan intend在心中已有确定的目标或计划，“盘算, 意想”，比plan的语气强。 design为达到某种特定的目的而周密精心地“计划, 筹划”, 偏重于目的性、周密性和细致
21、性。 plan是最普通常用的词，表示“计划，想要做”，不像design那样含有精心周密地“策划”的意思，与want意思接近。,8. deliver v. 投递; 发表; 接生; 生小孩 (被动)课文原句 There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a days work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.数不胜数的故事都讲述着林巧稚如何在劳累一天之后，又在深夜去为贫困家庭的产妇接生，而这些家庭是给不
22、了她报酬的。,归纳 deliver sth. (to sb.) 投递/传送某物 deliver a speech 发表演说 be delivered of a baby give birth to a baby 生孩子 deliver sb./ sth. over to sb. 把移交给某人,根据汉语意思补全下列句子。 1. 凯丽的孩子是由她的妈妈接生的。Carries baby _ by her mother. 2. 这位教授给他的学生做了一次关于哲学的演讲。The professor _ on philosophy to his students. 3. 这些花将会在48小时内递送。The
23、se flowers will _ 48 hours.,was delivered,delivered a speech,be delivered within,1. look down upon/on 蔑视; 轻视; 瞧不起课文原句 Many people look down upon poor people.许多人看不起穷人。拓展look into 调查; 观察; 窥视look up 抬头看; 查阅; 改善look on 旁观,（二）短语,look on/upon . as. 把看作 look out (+for) 注意; 留意 look through 浏览 look for 寻找,2.
24、 refer to 提到; 说到; 参考; 参阅课文原句 If the word group refers to different members, use a plural verb.拓展refer sth. to. 把提交给refer to sb. 指的是某人refer to . as 把称为be referred to as 被称为in/with reference to. 关于,翻译下列句子。 1. If you dont know what it means, refer to the dictionary.2. We agreed never to refer to the ma
25、tter again.3. Although she didnt mention any names, everyone knew who she was referring to.,如果你不知道它的意思，查一下字典。,我们同意再也不提那件事了。,虽然她没有提任何名字，但是大家都知道她指的是谁。,3. come across (偶然)遇见;碰见课文原句 By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in womens disease.我偶然看到了一篇文章，是关于林巧稚医生的，
26、她是女性疾病专家。 拓展meet with (偶然)遇见；碰到run into (偶然)遇到,根据括号内所给的汉语提示补全下列句子。 1. I _ (碰巧找到了这些老照片) when looking for a book yesterday 2. _ (无论遇到什么困难), we should try our best to deal with them.,came across these old photos,No matter what difficulties we come across,run across 偶然碰见；跑着穿过 happen to meet 碰巧遇到 meet.by
27、 chance/accident 偶然遇到,4. carry on 继续；坚持课文原句 Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her book good work?为什么不像林巧稚那样去读医学院，继续她的事业呢?,拓展 carry away 带走 carry out 实行; 执行; 完成 carry through 使渡过难关 carry back 将送回 carry off 运走; 带走; 获得(奖项),I hate it when she calls me at work Im always too b
28、usy to _ a conversation with her. (2016天津) A. carry on B. break into C. turn down D. cut off,A,（三）句式,1. Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。once conj. 一.就常用来引导条件状语从句。,e.g. Once I have found somewhere to live, Ill send you m
29、y new address.一找到住的地方我就会把我的新住址告诉你。Remember that you wont be able to change the contract once youve signed.请记住一旦你签了合同就不能更改了。,2. Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.我突然想起在那个年代，一个女人学医有多么困难。it hits sb. that 某人突然想起e.g. It hit me that I had forgotten he
30、r birthday.我突然想起我忘了她的生日。,3. I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some research on great women of China.直到一天晚上当我坐在电脑旁搜索中国伟大女性时，我才知道答案。not until 直到才,e.g. The farmers didnt realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish had died.直到河里的鱼都死了农民们才意识到污染的
31、严重性。,主谓一致英语中主谓一致一般遵循以下三个原则，即语法一致、意义一致和邻近一致。 语法一致是指句子的主语和谓语在语法形式上一致，即谓语动词的单复数依主语的单复数而定。主语为单数时谓语动词用单数，主语为复数时谓语动词也用复数。,语法,1. 由and连接的名词作主语 and连接的两个名词作主语，表示不同的人或物，谓语动词用复数形式。 and连接的两个名词，指同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。如果是名词，第二个名词前没有冠词。 不定式、动名词、句子作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。, 由no.and no.，each.and each.，every.and every.，many a and
32、 many a 结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,2. 主语后面带了as well as, rather than, like, but, except, besides, with, together with, along with, including, in addition to等词(组)连接的名词，根据语法一致的原则，谓语动词的形式要根据这些词前的主语来确定。 3. Cattle, people, police, trousers, shorts, socks, glasses, shoes, clothes等作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。, 意义一致是指不依语法形式而侧重于根据实
33、质意义处理主谓关系，根据主语所表达的实际含义确定谓语动词的单复数。 1. 某些集体名词，如family, team, class, enemy, government, army, party, public, firm, company等，若视为一个整体，则谓语动词用单数形式；若就其中成员而言，则用复数。,2. 以s结尾的书名、组织机构以及以ics结尾的学科名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 3. 表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等的复数 名词作主语，一般被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。,4. “one of复数名词”后的定语从句中谓语动词用复数形式，但是“the (only) one of复数
34、名词”后的定语从句中谓语动词用单数形式。, 邻近一致是指谓语动词的单复数与它最邻近的名词或代词保持一致。如：either . or，neither . nor, not only . but also，not . but，there be .等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的单复数与靠近它的主语一致。,用括号内单词的正确形式完成下面的短文。 I want to introduce my class to you. My class 1. _ (be) very small and there 2. _ (be) only 20 students in it. Eleven of us 3. _ (b
35、e) boys and the others 4. _ (be) girls. All of us 5. _ (be) getting along well with each other. None of us 6. _ (have) quarrelled with each other. Every boy and every girl 7. _ (help) each other in every subject, so nobody 8. _ (fail) in any exam.,is,are,are,are,are,have / has,helps,fails,Our headma
36、ster often 9. _ (praise) us for that. Every weekend, there 10. _ (be) always a meeting and our headmaster, with five of us, 11. _ (attend) it, discussing how to make our class better. Such 12. _ (be) our class, a happy and friendly family.,praises,is,attends,is,1. It is important to remember that su
37、ccess _ a sum of small efforts made each day and often _ years of achieve. （2015湖南）A. is; takes B. are; takes C. are; take D. is; take,A,【高考链接 】,写作,如何介绍人物 【写作指导】 人物介绍类文章一般采用“总分总”三段模式。第一段言简意赅，开门见山，直奔主题，简要介绍人物身份及其成就；第二段介绍人物的主要经历；第三段用一两句话总结全文，达到首尾呼应，起到画龙点睛的效果。,人物介绍类文章写作时态比较灵活,常用一般过去时来讲述人物的事迹。而评价性话语则常采用
38、现在时态以便说明所描述人物的成就及其影响。,【常用表达】 背景： . was born in / into a poor / rich family in ., when . was young, spent ones childhood in ., ., 外貌： beautiful, pretty, good-looking, ordinary-looking, handsome, strong, fat, thin, . 品质或个性： kind, determined, gentle, considerate, optimistic, easy-going, warm-hearted, h
39、ard-working, responsible, patient, helpful, friendly, generous, . 爱好： be good at, have a gift for, be interested in, be fond of, be crazy about, ., 教育背景： graduated from, got a(n) . degree, majored in, went abroad to further ones study . 经历和成就： devote oneself to, do sth. with great determination, fig
40、ht for, make up ones mind to do sth., overcome many difficulties, try ones best to do sth., enjoy widespread popularity, win fame as, make great contributions to ., 评价： one of the best, most important, set a good example to, . is the pride of ., be regarded as, .,I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1. Their _ (behave
41、) towards the boy shows that they do not like him. 2. It gives you a sense of _ (achieve) if you actually make it to the end of a very long book. 3. Th e book is written by P.H. Reaney, a noted _ (special) in the field.,巩固练习,behaviour,achievement,specialist,4. Careful _ (considerate) should be given
42、 to issues of health and safety. 5. The team lost the game because of a combination of injuries and _ (sick). 6. His question had no direct _ (connect) with our discussion,consideration,sickness,connection,II. 用适当的介词填空。 1. In many cases, an adult s interest might have to be placed second _ a childs
43、needs. 2. My father devoted all his time _ his job. 3. Jim is free _ any fault because of his carefulness.,to,to,from,4. It was simply _ chance that she decided to study law. 5. The project is intended _ students who are interested in science.,by,for,III. 选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形 式填空（每个短语限用一次）。,move off cro
44、wd in come across look down upon work out,1. Mr. Garcia _ anyone who doesnt work hard. 2. We need to _ how were going to get there.,looks down upon,work out,3. Always check behind the car before you _. 4. I _ this old photograph when looking for a book yesterday. 5. Jane shut her mind against the fe
45、ars that were _ on her.,move off crowd in come across look down upon work out,move off,came across,crowding in,IV. 选用括号内合适的内容填空。 1. A woman who has a career and a family_ (has, have) very little time for herself. 2. Neither Jane nor I _ (were, was) able to attend the meeting and we were sorry we had
46、 to miss it. 3. This class, together with math and biology, _ (keep, keeps) me extremely busy.,has,was,keeps,4. There _ (has, have) been many ice ages during the last 2.6 million years. 5. The stories in this book _ (doesnt, dont) interest me, but my wife and son _ (enjoy, enjoys) them. 6. Forty dollars _ (seem, seems) too high a price for a dictionary. 7. He is one of those people who _ (work, works) too hard.,
