1、广东省化州市 2018 届高三上学期第二次高考模拟考试英语试题第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AImagine yourself on the other side of the college admissions desk. Its not so glorious, apparently. At the very least, you need to be good-natured. Joseph Connolly, a gu
2、idance counselor at New Oxford High School in the United States, wanted to know the things that annoy admissions officers the most. He sent out a request to members of the National Association for College Admissions Counselors and received hundreds of responses. Apparently, college admissions office
3、rs were waiting for an opportunity to unload their frustrations. The responses fall into several areas: Communication-Silly or stupid email addresses; sending emails that use texting shorthand, such as “im w8ing 4 somel 2 call me.”-Leaving a message with just a first name and no telephone number. Fo
4、r example, “Hi, this is Suzie. Please call me back.”-Acting distracted during a one-on-one interview; nervous habits like foot-tapping or “um”, “like” and “you know”, which make a bad situation worse.-Not responding to emails from the admissions office. Over-involved parents-The very common comment
5、from parents, “We are in the process of completing applications.”-Parents attending interviews, and worse yet, speaking for their children. Essays-Not identifying which question they are responding to.-Writing about something they were great at in the seventh grade but havent pursued since then.1. W
6、hat is the purpose of the text?A. To complain about the process of college application.B. To provide tips for college students in achieving high grades.C. To list unwelcome behaviors in college application.D. To prove that admission officers are under great pressure.2. Which behavior may leave admis
7、sion consolers a bad impression?A. To use inappropriate and incomplete language.B. To leave a complete telephone number.C. To focus on the interview and stay calm.D. To reply to e-mails quickly.3. What should parents avoid doing in an interview?A. Letting kids to fill in the application form.B. Atte
8、nding the interview on time.C. Getting dressed neatly for the interview.D. Answering questions for their kids.【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D【解析】试题分析：本文主要讲述学生申请大学时出现的一些令招生人员烦恼的不好的行为。1. 写作目的题。根据第一段第四句“Joseph Connolly, a guidance counselor at New Oxford High School in the United States, wanted to know the things t
9、hat annoy admissions officers the most.”和最后一句“The responses fall into several areas:”可推断，文章的写作目的是为读者列出在申请大学时不受欢迎的行为。故选 C。2. 细节理解题。根据 Communication 部分的句子-Silly or stupid email addresses; sending emails that use texting shorthand, such as “im w8ing 4 somel 2 call me.”可知，使用不合适的和不完整的语言会给招生人员留下不好的印象。故选 A
10、。3. 细节理解题。根据 Over-involved parents 部分的句子-Parents attending interviews, and worse yet, speaking for their children.可知，父母不应该在面试中为代替孩子回答问题。故选 D。【名师点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。 （2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，
11、答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。 （3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。 （4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正” （三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。 （5）事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，
12、找出时间发生，发展的正确顺序。例如小题 3【解题剖析】此题属于（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。【答案定位】根据 Over-involved parents 部分的句子-Parents attending interviews, and worse yet, speaking for their children.可知，父母不应该在面试中为代替孩子回答问题。【推理关系】题干 What should parents avoid doing in an interview
13、?文章内容-Parents attending interviews, and worse yet, speaking for their children.【答案】D 选项 Answering questions for their kids.BYou may think that the story of Pygmalion (卖花女, 1913) - in which people are judged by the way they talk - is something that only existed in the days of British high society. Bu
14、t thanks to etiquette (礼仪) expert and author William Hanson, we realize that little has changed during the past 100 years.In a BBC radio program, Hanson released a list of common words used in British English that could reveal whether a person is “common” or “fashionable”.And yet here comes the inte
15、resting part: While some of us might go through life using fancy words, dressing in ways that make us appear more well-off than we really are, there are wealthy people in the world who try to hide their riches because they want to be seen as “normal” instead of “showy”.Beatrice, for example, is a Ne
16、w Yorker who inherited (继承) millions of dollars. She told The New York Times that she has a habit of removing the price tags (价签) from her clothes so her house staff dont see them and feel uncomfortable.“We dont want that Wow.” said Scott, also a New Yorker, who had just inherited over $50 million.
17、“Were just not the type of people who wear it on our sleeve.”4. What does William Hanson find?A. People failed to judge others manner.B. People judge others by their way of talking.C. People tend to use more polite words.D. People meet impolite persons frequently.5. What do rich people prefer to do?
18、A. To hide their richesB. To earn more money.C. To think highly of their wealth.D. To judge others by their wealth.6. Why did Beatrice remove the price tags on her clothes?A. To show off her fashion sense.B. To change peoples attitude to rich people.C. To pretend to be normal.D. To avoid making peop
19、le around her uncomfortable.7. What does “it” in the last sentence mean?A. The price tag.B. The brand label.C. The inheritance contract.D. The Times magazine.【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. A【解析】试题分析：在过去，人们通过你的说话方式判断你。礼仪专家和作家 William Hanson 认为在过去的 100 年里，这种判断方式几乎没有改变。本文揭示如今人们依然会从你的说话用词上来判断你是“普通的”还是“时髦的” 。4. 细
20、节理解题。根据第一段第二句“But thanks to etiquette (礼仪) expert and author William Hanson, we realize that little has changed during the past 100 years.”可知，William Hanson 认为我们现在仍旧如同以前一样通过人们讲话的方式来判断一个人。故选 B。5. 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段提到的“there are wealthy people in the world who try to hide their riches because they want to
21、be seen as normal instead of showy”可知，富人更喜欢隐藏起他们的财富。故选 A。6. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句“She told The New York Times that she has a habit of removing the price tags (价签) from her clothes so her house staff dont see them and feel uncomfortable.”可知，Beatrice 除掉衣服上的价格标签是为了避免让她周围的人感到不舒服。故选 D。7. 词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，Be
22、atrice 除掉衣服上的价格标签是为了避免让她周围的人感到不舒服。因此推断 Scott 说：我们不想要那些“Wow” ，我们不是那种袖子上戴着商标的人。此处的“we”指的是 Beatrice 和 Scott，故 it 指的是价格标签。故选A。CA 12-year-old with end stage cancer, the childs parents had recently moved her from the hospital to her home in the suburbs of Los Angeles. Some days later the girls breath quic
23、kened, and her father phoned the familys hospice nurse. Please come, he said.The nurse knew the visit would require more than four hours of her time: a two-hour drive in each direction, plus her time with the girl. Why dont we connect over FaceTime, she asked. The father agreed, and they connected.T
24、he nurse asked the father to move his daughter gently to her side, then to her back, to lift the childs shirt. The nurse would ask: What do you see, what concerns you, and the father would explain. In this fashion the pair examined the girl - the nurse on her computer, the father his iPad. Together
25、they decided that the nurses presence was not necessary, that the child had more time.Later, the father reported feeling comforted by the nurse. He appreciated her availability, the fact that she could see what he saw, and their ability to discuss it in real time.Telemedicine has become a trend in A
26、merica. Some hospitals have gone so far as to specially design telemedicine clinics. The room is staged like an office but with better lighting. Theres a nice desk for the clinician to sit behind, a computer situated stage left, and books in the background. A physician taking a video call from home
27、might wear a pair of headphones, equipped with a mic - to ensure whatever the patient says isnt broadcast to anyone off-camera.However, there is something more than the technology bit. According to David, the head of the telemedicine pilot the girls family had been part of, there are some people who
28、 are great in person and you put them on camera theyre a dead fish. “Some physicians are camera shy. For others, the physical isolation can actually help them be more empathetic.” He adds.“My experience is that, once you get past some initial hurdles, you can maintain an intimate, immediate connecti
29、on with patients that in some cases may be more useful than even in-person interactions,” David says.8. Why did the nurse suggesting connecting via FaceTime?A. Because she was not allowed to leave her clinic.B. Because she had to take care of other patients in the clinic.C. Because it took too much
30、time on her way to patients home.D. Because the father didnt pay for her fare of transportation.9. How did the father think of the telemedicine service?A. He doubted the quality of the service.B. He thought highly of the service.C. He insisted the service be improved.D. He challenged the authority o
31、f the nurse.10. What do we know about the rooms for telemedicine?A. Better air conditioners are provided for a comfortable environment.B. Mics are equipped to protect privacy of patients.C. Professional books are in place for immediate consultation.D. The room with a computer is situated in the doct
32、ors home.11. What challenges may clinicians face in telemedicine?A. They are afraid of being isolated from patients.B. They could not examine the patients carefully.C. They are required to deal with in-person interactions.D. They may not feel quite themselves in front of a camera.【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B
33、 11. D【解析】试题分析：本文通过一个实例介绍了远程医疗，并说明了远程医疗中临床医生所面临的问题。8. 细节理解题。根据第二段首句“The nurse knew the visit would require more than four hours of her time: a two-hour drive in each direction, plus her time with the girl. Why dont we connect over FaceTime, she asked.”可知，护士建议通过视频通话是因为需要太多的时间她才能到达病人的家。故选 C。9. 推理判断题。根
34、据第四段第二句“He appreciated her availability, the fact that she could see what he saw, and their ability to discuss it in real time.”可知，这位父亲感激这位护士的帮助，感激护士可以看到他看见的并和他进行实时讨论，因此推断这位父亲高度赞扬这样的服务。故选 B。10. 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后一句“equipped with a mic - to ensure whatever the patient says isnt broadcast to anyone off-c
35、amera.”可知，远程治疗室配备了麦克风确保病人的隐私。故选 B。11. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的句子“there are some people who are great in person and you put them on camera theyre a dead fish. “Some physicians are camera shy. For others, the physical isolation can actually help them be more empathetic.” He adds.可知，一些内科医生在镜头面前是害羞的。因此推断在远程诊疗时，医生
36、在镜头面前会感到不舒服。故选 D。DTheres a song by the great Jamaican singer Bob Marley called So Much Trouble In The World. Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too - thats why it made Nov 16th “Intern
37、ational Day for Tolerance”.But first of all, what is tolerance? According to French philosopher Voltaire, tolerance “s the consequence of humanity. We are all formed of frailty (脆弱) and error; let us pardon each others fool - that is the first law of nature.”Very often, people dont realize that they
38、re intolerant. This is because intolerance has a lot to do with ignorance. For example, the UNs campaign is in part about the treatment of females by males. But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men dont put themselves in the shoes of women.Its worth thinking a little abo
39、ut the words “tolerance” and “intolerance”. Are they the best words to describe the evils of which were speaking here? To agree to be “tolerant” of someone isnt necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that theres something wrong with them.Still, what Voltaire said
40、stands: We humans are not perfect and this weakness is something that we all share. Thats the reason we should be tolerant. Its a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.12. Whats the purpose of the UN “International Day For Tolerance”?A. To
41、 arouse peoples awareness of tolerance among people.B. To celebrate the founding of the UN.C. To solve the problem of global warming.D. To change peopled opinion towards globalization.13. Why do men behave intolerantly towards women?A. Because men dont realize the purpose of the UN.B. Because men ar
42、e physically stronger than women.C. Because men dont appreciate the shoes of women.D. Because men are not willing to understand women.14. Why is it meaningless to use the words “tolerance” and “intolerance”?A. Because they are hard to pronounce in English.B. Because they dont express the exact meani
43、ng people refer to.C. Because they cant be translated into other languages.D. Because they cant be used in a respectful way.15. In what sense is “tolerance” similar to “generosity”?A. Humans are advised to treat others better.B. Humans leant to find faults in others.C. Humans need to give something
44、to others,D. Humans will change their attitudes to others.【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇议论文。人们天性是脆弱的不完美的，容易犯错误的，因此包容是人性的体现。文章通过分析解释人们要宽容待人。12. 推理判断题。根据第一段二、三两句“Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. Th
45、e UN understands this too - thats why it made Nov 16th International Day for Tolerance.”可推断，世界上的人们缺乏包容，因此联合国把11 月 16 日设置为“国际宽容日”是为了唤起人们的包容意识。故选 A。13. 推理判断题。根据第三段尾句“But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men dont put themselves in the shoes of women.”可知，男性对女性不包容是因为他们不愿意设身处地
46、的为女性着想，不愿意理解她们。故选 D。14. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段后三句“Are they the best words to describe the evils of which were speaking here? To agree to be tolerant of someone isnt necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that theres something wrong with them.”可知，对某人宽容并不一定是一件值得尊重的事情，某人如果被包容
47、，就暗示着某人有问题，因此推断使用“宽容”或者“不宽容”是没有意义的，因为它们不能准确表达人们所指的意思。故选 B。15. 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Its a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.”可推断，在我们给与别人谅解时，宽容有点像慷慨。故选 C。【名师点睛】推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。做好该题型要从整体
48、上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音” 。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。例如小题 1：【解题剖析】此题属于推理判断题中的根据事实细节，推断合理信息。答案需要从文章的第一段二、三两句“M
49、arley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too - thats why it made Nov 16th International Day for Tolerance.”进行推断。【答案定位】根据第一段二、三两句“Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too - thats why it made Nov 16th International Day for Tolerance.”可推断，世界上的人们缺乏包容，因此联合国把 11 月 16 日设置为“国
