1、Unit 2 English around the worldThe history of the English language really started with the arrival of three Germanic tribes(部落)who invaded(侵略)Britain during the 5th century.Old EnglishThe invading Germanic tribes spoke similar languages，which in Britain developed into what we now call Old English.Ol
2、d English didnt sound or look like English today.Native English speakers now would have great difficulty understanding Old English speakers.However，about half of the most commonly used words in Modern English have Old English roots.Middle EnglishIn 1066，the Norman invaded and conquered England.They
3、also brought with them a kind of French，which became the language of the ruling and business classes.For a period，the lower classes spoke English and the upper classes spoke French.In the 14th century，English became a main language in Britain again，with many French words added.This language is calle
4、d Middle English.Late Modern EnglishThe main difference between Early Modern English and Late Modern English is vocabulary.Late Modern English has many more words，resulting from two main factors：firstly，technology development created a need for new words；secondly，the British Empire at its height con
5、verted one quarter of the earths surface，and the English language used foreign words from many countries.Now there are many other varieties of English in the world，such as Australian English，New Zealand English，Canadian English，South African English，Indian English and Caribbean English.【词海拾贝】1arriva
6、l n 到达2period n时期，阶段3class n阶层4result from 因发生；随产生5create v. 生产；制造【问题思考】1The main idea of the text is _.答案：the history of the English language2When is English called Middle English?_答案：In the 14th century3Whats the main difference between Early Modern English and Late Modern English?_答案：Vocabulary.将
7、单词与其正确释义配对1official adj. A本身；本体；身份2native adj.& n. B常常；频繁地3actually adv . C官方的；正式的；公务的4base vt. & n. D逐渐地；逐步地5gradually adv . E流利的；流畅的6vocabulary n. F以为根据；基部；基地；基础7spelling n. G拼写；拼法8identity n. H本国的；本地的；本地人；本国人9fluent adj. I实际上；事实上10frequently adv. J词汇；词汇量；词表答案：1.C 2.H 3.I 4.F 5.D 6.J 7.G 8.A9E 10.
8、B.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1_adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的2_n. 航行；航海3_adj. 本国的；本地的 n本国人；本地人4_adv. 事实上；实际上5_vt. 以为根据 n 基部；基础；基地6_adj. 逐渐的；逐步的_adv. 逐渐地；逐步地7_adj. 较后的；(两者中)后者的；后半的8_n. 本身；本体；身份9_adj. 流利的；流畅的_adv. 流利地；流畅地10_adj. 频繁的；常见的_adv. 常常；频繁地答案：1.official 2.voyage 3.native 4.actually5base 6.gradual gradually 7.latter 8.iden
9、tity9fluent fluently 10.frequent frequently.根据汉语提示写出正确的单词1This _(后者的) point was important.2The shipTitanic sank on its first_(航行) 3They bought some new furniture to furnish their new_(公寓) 4This tree looks high and strong but_(实际上) its trunk is hollow.5If your_(词汇) is small，you will be bad in English
10、.6She received several_(正式的) letters this morning.7The_(身份) of the killer is still unknown.8She was born in Germany and her_(本国的)language is German.答案：1.latter 2.voyage 3.apartment 4.actually5vocabulary 6.official 7.identity 8.native.根据语境选词填空1She has a _English and can speak English _，for which we a
11、ll admire her very much.(fluently/fluent)2Losing weight is a slow，_ process，so_she has become slimmer and slimmer.(gradually/gradual)3The_of the word is difficult，but the correct pronunciation of it can help to_it.(spell/spelling)4Our efforts are beginning to have an_effect，and _the effect has made
12、a great difference.(actual/actually)5He is a _ visitor to the house；that is，he visits the house_(frequent/frequently)6It is the responsibility of every person to keep certain_principles，which means every action should be_ on a certain principle.(based/basic)答案：1.fluent fluently 2.gradual gradually 3
13、.spelling spell 4.actual actually 5.frequent frequently6basic based.Skimming for the main information1What does the passage tell us?AThe brief history of the English language.B The Modern English based more on German.CThe old English based more on French.DEnglish spoken in English.答案：A2Find out the
14、main idea of each paragraph.Para.1_ AAll languages change when cultures communicate with one another.So does English.Para.2_ BHow English spread(传播) in the past.Para.3_ CNative English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.Para.4_ DBy the 19th century，tw
15、o big changes in English spelling happened.Para.5_ EEnglish is spoken in many countries.答案：Para.1B Para.2C Para.3APara.4D Para.5E.Scanning for detailed information1How was the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150?AIt was the same as the English spoken at present.B It was more like
16、 French.CIt was based more on German.DIt was more like Danish.2Why was Shakespeare able to make use of a wider vocabulary by the 1600s?ABecause new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary.B Because Shakespeare made up many new words.CBecause British settlers moved to dif
17、ferent countries.DBecause a new dictionary was written.3What happened to American English in the 19th century?AIt became more like British English.B It became more like German.CIt had its own dictionary.DIts spelling was given a separate identity.4Which of the following is NOT true?AEnglish is one o
18、f the official languages in India.B English developed when new settlers and rulers came to Britain.CChina has the largest number of English speakers.DNow more people speak English as their first，second or a foreign language.答案：1.C 2.A 3.D 4.C.Intensive reading to finish the passageAt the end of the
19、16th century, English was only spoken by people from 1._They were native speakers.Today，the largest 2._ of people speaking English may be in China.A lot of Chinese people speak English 3._their foreign language.The 4._ language has changed quite a lot over the last four centuries.Old English sounded
20、 more like German for it was 5._on German， but modern English 6._ more like French than German because England was once ruled by the French.Those settlers 7._the language, so Shakespeare could make use of a wider 8._ by the 1600s.Two people had great effects on the English settlement.One was Samuel
21、Johnson, who wrote his 9._，and the other was Noah Webster, who later wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language, which gave American English its own 10._答案： 1.England 2.number 3.as 4.English5based 6.sounds 7.enriched 8.vocabulary9dictionary 10.identity阅读素养提升Why do you think people all ove
22、r the world want to learn English？(various answers)_答案：They may include any of these reasons：to use computers and the Internet，to trade，to learn in Western universities，to read academic journals，etc.精读难句透析1At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from t
23、he English spoken today.分析：此句为复杂的简单句。句中“_”及“spoken today”皆为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰先行词“_”。译文：_答案：spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150the English译文：最初，英格兰人在大约公元 450 年到 1150 年之间所说的英语与我们今天所说的英语很不一样。2Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150，English became less like German because those who ruled En
24、gland spoke first Danish and later French.分析：此句为主从复合句。_引导了原因状语从句。在状语从句中又含有_引导的定语从句，修饰先行词“_”，且在从句中充当主语。译文：_答案：because who those译文：然后，渐渐地，大约在公元 800 年到 1150 年期间，英语不那么像德语了，因为那时的英国统治者起初讲丹麦语后来讲法语。写一则海报英文海报是人们在日常生活中经常使用的一种张贴形式的应用文。它的使用场合非常广泛，包括活动宣传、招聘广告和人物介绍等。英文海报通常含有通知性，所以主题应该明确、一目了然。它还包含广告的某些特点，要求内容简明扼要，
25、形式新颖美观。一、海报通常包括的几部分1标题。首先根据海报的特点、格式写明标题。海报中往往把内容作为大字标题。例如：Football Match，Why is it important to learn English？或者注明 Poster 等字样。2正文部分。不同的海报其正文部分的侧重点不同。对于介绍性的海报，首先引出话题，其次列出原因，最后总结。对于宣传类海报，要写清楚具体内容，如：活动内容、地点以及参加规定、主持或举办单位等。3落款。出海报的单位署名通常放在右下角，日期位于署名的下一行，既可以写在右下角，也可以写在左下角。注意事项：(1)海报的标题必须简洁明了，词数不能太多，而且必须能
26、吸引读者的眼球。(2)海报的写作目的就是让读者了解活动的信息，传达信息才是海报最重要的任务，所以文字的修饰要服务于信息，不能玩文字游戏，使读者摸不着头脑。二、常用句式1I have something important to tell you.2I have got an announcement to make.3I am told that a speech contest will be held at the“English Corner”this summer vacation.4Im glad to have the honour to tell you some activit
27、ies youre going to have today.5The party is a good chance for us to practise our English.6Everyone is welcome to attend the party.7Please bring along your pens and notebooks.8All the students are requested to attend the celebration of the Teachers Day to be held in the Grand Hall in the Main Buildin
28、g at 6：30 this evening.9Dont miss the chance.Please get there on time.10Please get everything ready.Dont be late.请根据下面的提示，写一张有关举行英语演讲比赛的海报，词数 100 左右。提示：(1)比赛目的：提高学生讲英语的能力。(2)报名手续：凡愿意参加者可到各班班长处报名。(3)比赛时间：2018 年 7 月 4 日下午 2 点。(4)比赛地点：第一会议室。(5)评比办法：由五位教师做评判员，前十名将获鼓励奖。(6)举办单位：学生会。(7)海报发布时间：2018 年 4 月 24
29、 日。【谋篇】体裁 英文海报 话题 英语演讲比赛时态 一般现在时和将来时 人称 以第三人称为主结构标题：举办英语演讲比赛。正文：介绍比赛目的、时间、地点、报名手续以及评比办法。落款：海报组织方及时间【遣词】1提高_2说英语的能力_3全校范围的英语演讲比赛_4举行_5参加_6报名_7邀请某人做_8担当；作为_答案：1.improve 2.the ability to speak English 3.a schoolwide Englishspeaking contest 4.hold 5.take part6sign up 7.invite sb to do 8.work as【造句】1基础句式
30、。(1)全校范围的英语演讲比赛可以提高学生说英语的能力。A schoolwide Englishspeaking contest can_(2)全校范围的英语演讲比赛将于 2018 年 7 月 4 日下午 2 点在第一会议室举行。A schoolwide Englishspeaking contest _ in No.1 Meeting Room at 2 pm on July 4，2018.(3)如果你想参加的话，请找你的班长报名。If you are willing to_，please go to your monitor to sign up.(4)已经邀请了我们学校的五名老师作为裁判
31、。Five teachers of our school_ judges.(5)比赛将会非常精彩。The contest_(6)你不可错过。You cant_答案：(1) improve the students ability to speak English (2)will be held (3)take part (4)have been invited to work as (5)will be wonderful (6)miss it2句式升级。(7)将句 (1)和句(2)用不定式连成一个简单句。_(8)将句 (3)改成含有定语从句的复合句。Anyone_.(9)将句 (5)和句 (
32、6)连成一个并列句。_答案：(7)In order to improve the students ability to speak English, a schoolwide Englishspeaking contest will be held in No.1 Meeting Room at 2 pm on July 4, 2018. (8)who is willing to take part please go to your monitor to sign up (9)The contest will be wonderful and you cant miss it.【成篇】A
33、poster for an Englishspeaking contestFellow students, are you good at English? Do you want to improve your oral English? In order to improve the student ability to speak English，a schoolwide Englishspeaking contest will be held in No.1 Meeting Room at 2 pm on July 4, 2018.Anyone who is willing to ta
34、ke part please go to your monitor to sign up.Five teachers of our school have been invited to work as judges.The first ten winners will be given awards as an encouragement.All are welcome to be present at the contest.The contest will be wonderful and you cant miss it. The Students UnionApril 24, 201
35、8海报：英语的重要性请你以“我们为什么要学习英语”为话题写一则英语海报，强调英语的重要性。陈述理由须包括：1国际组织的官方语言；2英语是外贸用语；3与西方人交流的语言工具等。注意：1.词数 100 个左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数) ；2内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。PosterWhy is it important to learn English?_答案：PosterWhy_is_it_important_to_learn_English?There are several reasons for it.Many international organizations use it as
36、an official language.Since the worlds economy develops fast，businesses are often done among countries.So they need to use English to communicate with each other.China is a developing country.In order to make itself strong，China does need to contact with the western countries often in English.All in
37、all，English is very important，and we need to learn it well.A 级 基础过关.单句语法填空在句中空白处填上适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1He looked calm，but _(actual)he was very nervous.答案：actually2_(base)on a novel by Lewis，the film is popular with people around the country.答案：Based3He speaks Chinese _(fluent)as if he were a Chi
38、nese.答案：fluently4This is the main use that scientists make _ natural resources.答案：of5The new method is not perfect.Even _，its much better than the old one.答案：so6It is _ (request)that he _(leave)before seven oclock.答案：requested should leave7The town has changed beyond _(recognize)since I was last her
39、e.答案：recognition8Computers play _ important part in modern society.答案：an9I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrellAThats _ I got wet through.答案：why 10The explorer took only such men and things _he really needed into the thick forest.答案：as.选词填空(注意形式的变化)such as；make full use of；at present；expression ； a
40、ccent；come up； block；play；vocabulary；because of1We must _the resources we have.答案：make full use of2I like drinks，_tea and coffee.答案：such as3Strangers _ to him in the street and said how much they enjoyed his book.答案：came up4The boss is busy _and he will ring you back later.答案：at present5The part tha
41、t the church _is very great.答案：plays6He had to retire _his poor health.答案：because of7They greeted him with many _of pleasure.答案：expressions8He speaks with a strong southern_答案：accent9He lives three _away from here.答案：blocks10To my surprise，he has the largest _in our class.答案：vocabulary.完成句子1Mr Zhang
42、 _(起着非常重要的作用)carrying out the plan.答案：played an important part in2She is wearing a long red coat so youll _(肯定能认出)her.答案：be sure to recognize3_(信不信由你) ，they will not carry out their promise.答案：Believe it or not4The captain _(命令他的人向港口航行)quickly.答案：commanded his men to sail to the port5Theyve made an urgent request that the fresh water _ (应该立刻供应)答案
