1、Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China 伟大的人民与中国古代伟大的发明,Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China伟大的人民与中国古代伟大的发明,1_(n.)职位 2_(vt.)强调 3_(vi.)辞职 4_(n.)状况；条件；环境,position,stress,resign,condition,5_(adj.)平等的 6_(n.)重要；重要性 7_(n.)秩序 8_(adj.)有影响的 9honesty(n.)_,equal,impor
2、tance,order,influential,诚实,10justice(n.)_ 11invent(vt.)_ 12argument(n.)_ 13freedom(n.)_,公正,发明,争论；辩论；议论,自由,14The adviser gave us a good piece of _.He _ us that we start the project at once.(advise),advised,advice,15He _a lot to society.His _will be remembered by all of us forever.(contribute),contrib
3、ution,contributed,1_与相似 2_ 与交战 3._ 养育；抚养 4_ 与不同,be similar to,be at war with,bring up,be different from,5_ 对感 兴趣 6_ 责任感 7_ 为自豪 8_ 总之,become interested in,a sense of responsibility,be proud of,in conclusion,9_ 如果这样的话 10_ 第一次 11_ 结果是 12_ 起初；首先,if so,for the first time,as a result,at first,1in the way定
4、语从句 Treat others_(以你想被别人对待的方式),in the way you want to be treated,2where 引导的定语从句 Ancient China was a Place _(各诸侯国之间经常发生战争),where states were often at war with each other,3the reason why.的原因 Mencius believed that _(人不同于动物的原因)is that man is good.,the reason why man is different from animals,4“no比较级than
5、”同一样 不 Cars were first used at the end of the nineteenth century，and were_(同一样不快)a horse.,no faster than,1(2011高考浙江卷)A bank is the place_they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. Awhen Bthat Cwhere Dthere,解析：选C。句意：银行是在天晴之时借伞给你，到了下雨时就催你还回去的地方。本题考查定语从句。由于从句结
6、构完整，不缺少句子成分，所以先行词the place 在从句中充当地点状语。,2(2010高考上海卷)Wind power is an ancient source of energy _we may return in the near future. Aon which Bby which Cto which Dfrom which,解析：选C。句意：风力是很古老的一种能源，不久的将来我们也许会再利用它。考查定语从句。return to “重新利用”，属于固定搭配。故排除含有介词on，by和from的A、B、D 项。,3(2011高考课标全国卷)The prize will go to t
7、he writer _story shows the most imagination. Athat Bwhich Cwhose Dwhat,解析：选C。句意：此奖项将会颁发给其作品最具有想象力的作者。本题考查定语从句。先行词为 the writer，代入定语从句后为：The writers story shows the most imagination.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作 story 的定语，故答案为C项。,4We should take the conditions into careful account _you have attached to this contrac
8、t. Thanks.Hope for further cooperation. Aas Bwhich Cwhere Dwhat,解析：选B。句意：我们将认真考虑你附在这份合同上的条件。谢谢。希望能进一步合作。本题考查定语从句。选行词是conditions.定语从句中have attached 缺少宾语，因此用关系代词which。,1 equal vt.等于，与相等(be equal to)；比得上adj.(大小、数量、程度)相等的；胜任的,n同等的人和物 (教材P41)All human beings are equal. 人人平等。,归纳拓展 (1)equaln.(inn.) (在方面)比得
9、上，与匹敌；与相等 (2)feel/be equal to sth./doing sth. 等于;能胜任 (3)be equal with 与平等 (4)without (an) equal 无人可比的,(牛津在线)Shes the equal of her brother as far as intelligence is concerned.论智力，她和她哥哥不相上下。 Im sure Barbaras quite equal to the task.,2 order n秩序；顺序；整齐；命令；订购；订单；点饭(菜) vt.命令；订购；安排 (教材P43)He stressed the i
10、mportance of kindness，duty and order in society. 他强调了仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。,归纳拓展,Then they call out our names in order and we answer yes or no.随后，他们依次点我们的名字，我们则回答到与否。 The doctor ordered me to take a rest for a month.,The doctor ordered that I (should) take a rest for a month.医生指示我要休息一个月。 (2011高考上海卷)We are
11、working on your order right now and well be delivering it soon. 我们正在按你的定单做，很快就送去,3 invent vt.发明；捏造；虚构 (教材P47)For example，it is the country in which silk was first invented. 例如，丝绸最先发明于这个国家。,归纳拓展 invention n. 发明 inventive adj. 善于创造的；发明的 inventor n. 发明家,The Chinese invented the compass.中国人发明了指南针。 (朗文P2
12、97)Kai invented some excuse about having a headache.Kai编了个头疼的借口。,(牛津P1075)Such changes have not been seen since the invention of the printing press. 自从发明了印刷机，这种变革还没有出现过。,辨析discover，find，invent，create,Some believe the universe was created by a explosion. 一些人认为宇宙是由爆炸形成的。 She found that no one could an
13、swer the question. 她发现没有人能回答这个问题。,Edison invented the electric light. 爱迪生发明了电灯。 Police discovered a large stash of drugs while searching the house. 警方搜查这栋房子时发现里面藏有一大批毒品。,4 contribution nC捐献物；U捐助；C，U贡献，助益；投稿，稿件(教材P46),归纳拓展 make contributions to (doing)sth. 对 (做)某事作出贡献 contribute vt.& vi. 有助于，捐助，投稿，贡献
14、,contribute.to/towards. 向捐献；向投稿 contribute to sth. 促成某事 Does smoking contribute to lung cancer? 吸烟会导致肺癌吗？,This weeks issue has contributions from several wellrespected journalists. 这期周刊有几位德高望重的新闻记者的稿件。,Day centres for the elderly make a valuable contribution to the overall service.照顾老人的日托中心为整个服务事业作出
15、了可贵的贡献。 He contributed generously to the Red Cross. 他向红十字会慷慨捐助。,跟踪训练 .品句填词 1I cant thank you enough for your_(善良),kindness,2The general_(原则)is that education should be available to all children up to the age of 16. 3Im not sure what I would do if I were in your_(职位),principle,position,4The report_(强
16、调)that students need to improve math skills. 5Dewey was_(有影响的) in shaping economic policy. 6They believe that all work is of_(平等的)value.,stressed,influential,equal,7The car has been well maintained and is in excellent_(状况). 8The government was accused of using the law to restrict individual_(自由),con
17、dition,freedom,.单项填空 1Our English teacher _the importance of reading aloud. Apressures Bstresses Cpraises Drepeats,解析：选B。stress 用作动词意为“强 调”。pressure 是名词，意为“压力 ；压迫”；praise 意为“表扬”； repeat 意为“重复”。,2Each one present at the meeting agreed to stick to the _that everyone should be treated fairly. Alevel Ba
18、mbition Cpurpose Dprinciple,解析：选D。句意：每个与会的人都同意坚持每个人都应被公平对待的原 则。,3Some of the most important achievements in physics_their success to these mathematical systems. Aoblige Bowe Ccontribute Ddevote,解析：选B。oblige sb.to do sth.表示 “强迫某人做某事”；owe.to.表示 “把归功于”；contribute.to.表示“把贡献于”；devote.to.表示“把致力于”。,根据句意“一些
19、最重要的物理方面的成就之所以获得成功应归功于这些数学体系。”可知应选B。,4He ordered that the work _at once. Astarted Bwas started Cstart Dbe started,解析：选D。order表示“命令”，后跟宾语从句，从句要用虚拟语气，即sb.should do.，其中should可以省 略，本句中因为从句的主语为the work，所以应用被动语态(should)be started。本句意为“他下令立即开展工作。”,5Fitness is important in sport，but of at least _importance
20、are skills. Afail Breasonable Cequal Dproper,解析：选C。该题考查形容词作定语的用法。应注意根据句意选用意义恰当的形容词。该句的正常语序为“.but skills are of at least_importance”。equal importance表示“同等重要的”。,5 bring up 抚养；教育；提出；呕吐；使(车辆等)突然停住；(船等)停下/到终点 (教材P43)His father died when he was young，and he was brought up by his mother.,他小的时候，父亲就去世了，他是由母亲
21、抚养大的。,归纳拓展,(2011高考四川卷)A quick search on the Internet will bring up dozens of online companies. 在网上快速搜索就会有几十个在线公司出现,All children should be brought up to respect their parents and teachers. 应该教育所有的儿童尊敬父母和老师。,The great damage which the earthquake brought about made many people homeless or lose their li
22、ves. 地震所带来的巨大损失使许多人失去家园或者丧生。,6 for the first time 第一次(在句中作时间状语) (教材P49)With the Industrial Revolution,factories appeared and mass production became possible for the first time.,随着工业革命的发展，工厂出现了，产品的批量生产第一次成为可能。,归纳拓展 (1)This/It is/was the first(second等)timethat“这是第几次”that可省略，从句用完成时态。 (2)the first(secon
23、d等)time 相当于一个连词，常引导一个表示时间的状语从句，意为“第几次做某事的时候”。,(3)“a序数词time或其他名词”相当于 again/another之意。 (4)It is time for sb.to do sth.；It is (high) time that sb.did sth. 第二个句型用一般过去时表达虚拟语气，表示“是该某人做某事的时候 了”。,For the first time，the people were able to dream of a better future. 第一次，人们能够构想美好的未来。 (2011高考重庆卷)This is the fir
24、st time that Ive been away from my family for such a long time.,这是我第一次离家这么长时间。 The first time I flew in a plane I was really nervous. 我第一次乘飞机时确实很紧张。,7 in conclusion 总之；总而言之 (教材P48)In conclusion，I think that cars are very useful because travel is so easy with a car. 总之，我认为汽车是很有用的，因为有了汽车，出行是很方便的。,归纳拓展
25、 reach/draw/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论 make a conclusion 下结论 concludethat 从句 下结论 conclude v. 结束；下结论；推断,conclude thatdraw a conclusion that 下结论 to conclude 总而言之；最后 (朗文P383)In conclusion，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today. 最后，我想说我今天过得很开心。,(2011高考湖北卷)Jumping to a conclusi
26、on is dangerous.匆忙下结论是很危险的。 We came to the conclusion that the room must have been empty.我们得出结论：那个房间当时一定是空的。,跟踪训练 .选词填空 wake up，on condition that，take pride in，contribute to，be at war,1In 1920 Poland and Russia _still_. 2A cold shower soon _ you_. 3Various factors _his failure.,were,at war,woke,up,c
27、ontributed to,4He will lend me the money_I pay it back next month. 5Mary_doing a job well.,on condition that,takes pride in,.单项填空 1He was_by his aunt in a small mountain village. Agrown up Bcome up Cbrought up Dbrought about,解析：选C。grow up和come up分别意为“长大”和“被提出来”，是不及物动词短语，都不能用于被动语态；bring about表示“引起；导致
28、”；bring up 是及物动词短语，表示“抚养；养育”。本句意为“他由他的姑姑在一个小山村抚养长大。”,2The little boy showed great interest_chemistry when he was doing it_the first time. Ain；for Bon；for Cin；on Dfor；at 解析：选A.show interest in“对感兴趣”;for the first time“第一次”.,3He is a cutler(刀具商)_, a man who sells knives and sharp tools. Ain conclusion
29、 Bin general Cwhats more Dthat is to say,解析：选D。句意：他是个刀具商也就是说，他是一个卖刀和锋利器具的人。in conclusion 总之；in general 一般说来;whats more 而且; that is to say 也就是说。,4Plenty of fresh air_good health. Aresults from Battends to Cdevotes to Dcontributes to,解析：选D。句意：充足的新鲜空气有助于健康。result from 意为“由于的原因”;devote.to.意为“致力 于；献给”；at
30、tend to 意为“处理； 料理”；contribute to 意为“促进； 有助于”。,5Did Tom win the 200meter race at our sports meet? Of course not.Im a poor runner and he did_ than I. Aas well as Bno better Cno worse Dnot better,解析：选B。由于后面有 than，可排除A项；根据句意“我跑得不快”判断应选B项，表示“他跑得也不比我 快”。,8 (教材P43)But it was also a time when there were man
31、y great philosophers. 但那也是一个产生了许多哲学家的时期。,【点津】 本句中的a time表示“一段时间”，后面接定语从句时，常用when或“at/during等which”引导定语从句,译为“一个的时期”. There is/was a time when.有一段时间,【注意】 若time 作“次数”讲时，应用关系代词that，引导定语从句，that 可省略.It (That)is/was the first(second, third.)time(that).,这/那是第一次(第二次，第三次),It was a time when all the children w
32、ere expected to study hard. 那是一个人们都期望孩子们努力学习的时期。 There are times when I wonder what youre talking about.有几次我不知道你在说什么。,Andrews been promoted？Thats the first time Ive heard about it.安德鲁升职了？这事我头一次听到。,9 (教材P43)Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good. 孟子认为人之
33、所以不同于动物是因为人是向善的。,【点津】 第一个that引导的是宾语从句，在宾语从句中，why引导定语从句修饰the reason；that man is good是表语从句。,the reason (why.)is that.(的)原因是,其中why 引导的是定语从句，that 引导的是表语从句。,reason用作先行词时，首先判断定语从句中缺什么成分，如果缺状语，则要使用关系副词why 引导定语从句，why 有时可省略；如缺主语或宾语，则使用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。,The reason why some people died young is that they d
34、idnt pay attention to their health. 一些人早逝的原因是他们不注意自己的身体健康。,The only reason(why) I went was that I wanted to meet your friends. 我去的惟一的理由是想见见你的朋友们。 I didnt believe the reason (that/which) he explained for his being late.我不相信他所解释的迟到的原因,跟踪训练 .完成句子 1The reason _ (她给出的)was not reasonable.,that/which she g
35、ave,2_ (我迟到的原因是)I missed the bus. 3_ _(这是我第一次参观)the Great Wall.,The reason why Im late is that,This is the first time(that) I have visited,4_(曾经有那么一段时间)we never needed to lock our house at night. 5Im _ (并不比你富有),There was a time when,no richer than you,.单项填空 1The reason _I was late for school was _I
36、was held up by traffic jam in the morning. Awhy；because Bthat；that Cthat；because Dwhy；that,解析：选D。the reason后跟定语从句时，用why引导，表语从句用that引 导，构成“The reason why.is that.” 句型。,2There was _time_I hated to go to school. Aa；that Ba；when Cthe；that Dthe；when,解析：选B。句意：有那么一段时间, 我不想去上学。句型为There is/was a time when.，意
37、思是“有那么一段时 间”，when引导定语从句，不能省略，也不能用that替换。,3Though he started late，Mr.Guo played the piano as well as，if _，Miss Liu. Anot better than Bnot better Cno better than Dbetter,解析：选A。从让步状语从句的意义分析，Mr.Guo 钢琴弹的水平不在 Miss Liu之下，所以应选A项表示“如果不比她好(也和她一样好)”。no better than 表示“并不比好”， 言外之意两者都不好，与整个句意矛 盾。,4(2012甘肃武威十六中高三检
38、测) John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work_，he gladly accepted it. Afinishing Bfinished Chaving finished Dwas finished,解析：选B。在该题的 with 复合结构 中，由于 his work 与 finish 为被动关 系，所以应用过去分词形式作补语。,5What surprised us was not what she said but_she said it. Athe way Bin the way that Cthe way which Dthe way what,解析：选A。not.but.连接的前后两部分应该是并列成分，故 but 后应是名词，又因 the way 作先行词时，后面的连接词可以是 that 或 in which 或省略，故A项正确。,
