1、跨文化交际学,Chapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Competence,Learning objectives :,Chapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Competence,1. Understand the definition of intercultural communication competence.2. Understand the components of intercultural communication competence from diff
2、erent perspectives. 3. Understand intercultural communication competence in different contexts, such as business, military and communication,Listen to the lead-in case : At the Party,1. Why did Mazens sister just stood there and stopped smiling while john reached out to shake her hand?2. Why did Maz
3、en suddenly looked very serious when put John put one arm around each of him and his sister? 3. Why do you think the white wine was not served during the party?,Chapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Competence,Intercultural communication competence The components of intercultural communic
4、ation competence from different perspectives Intercultural communication competence in business, military approach and communication,index,Chapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Competence,Intercultural communication competence (跨文化交际能力),Relevant ideas B. Intercultural competence defined,C
5、hapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Competence,* The term intercultural communication competence involves the competence of effective communication in intercultural context.* Competent communication is interaction that is perceived as effective in fulfilling certain rewarding objectives
6、in a way that is also appropriate to the context in which the interaction occurs.* Intercultural communication competence is contextual; it produces behaviors that are both appropriate and effective; and it requires sufficient knowledge, suitable motivations, and skilled actions.* Relationship of th
7、e different competences: intercultural competencecommunication competencesocial competenceIntercultural competence is a part of communication competence; while communication competence is a part of social competence. * To be effective in intercultural communication, one needs not only communication
8、competence (skills) but also intercultural competence.,A. Relevant ideas,Chapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Competence,The intercultural competence refers to the ability to understand and adapt to the target culture; in another word, it refers to the sensitivity (敏感性) to cultural diver
9、sity, i.e., the ability to behave in an appropriate way and to regulate ones communication and interaction according to the context. Case Analysis: Interacting with Arabs,B. Intercultural competence defined,What is the main difference between Arabic culture and American culture?,Chapter 12 Effective
10、 Intercultural Communication Competence,2. The components of intercultural communication competence from different perspectives,Relevant ideas From “cognition, affect and behavior” perspectiveFrom “knowledge, motivations, and actions” prospective From “knowledge, skills, personality traits and ethic
11、s” perspective,Chapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Competence,Relevant ideas,* The most important skills required in intercultural communication areunderstanding the host culture, the ability to adapt, and human relation skills. * Ethnorelativity (种族相当主义)It is important that others beha
12、vior is no longer evaluated as good or bad, as viewed through the filtering cultural lenses, but that people have different approaches to different people.,Chapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Competence,Intercultural communication competence involves cognition, affect and behavior, whic
13、h are inseparable in reality.* Relationship: Cognition will lead to the willingness, flexibility and empathy of the communicator in intercultural communication.* Cognition(认知): The cognitive aspects of intercultural communication competence are the mental capacities of comprehension and ability to u
14、nderstand the meanings of various verbal and nonverbal codes.* Three aspects involved are:the knowledge of the host countrys languageknowledge of host communication system;the knowledge of the host countrys culturecultural understanding;the ability to identify the difference between the host culture
15、 and the speakers own culturecognitive complexity.* Affect(情感): A feeling or emotion as distinguished from cognition, thought, or action.,From “cognition, affect and behavior” perspective,Chapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Competence,* Three aspects involved are: the willingness to dea
16、l with the target cultureadaptation motivation;the willingness to change to fit in the target cultureidentity flexibility;the ability to empathize with the cultural productsaesthetic co-orientation.* Behavior(行为): refers to the specific behaviors through which an individuals capacity to express cogn
17、itive and affective experiences outwardly is shown.* Three aspects involved are:technical skillslanguage skills, job skills, academic skills, the skills in locating appropriate information, the skills in solving the day-to-day problems.synchronybehave in a synchronized mannerresourcefulnessthe abili
18、ty to reconcile cultural differences and solve problems.,Chapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Competence,From “knowledge, motivations, and actions” prospective,Intercultural communication competence involves cognition, affect and behavior, which are inseparable in reality.,Chapter 12 Eff
19、ective Intercultural Communication Competence,* Knowledge: Four aspects involved are:informationabout people/context/norms of appropriateness;culture-general informationabout intercultural communication processculture-specific informationabout a particular culture, the cultures uniqueness, customsin
20、formationabout ones own culture * Motivations: emotional associations people have in intercultural communicationTwo aspects involved are:Feelings: emotional or affective states in interculturalcommunication, such as happiness, sadness, etc.Intentions: guides ones choice in intercultural communicatio
21、n.* Actions: Actions refer to the actual performance of those behaviors that are regarded as appropriate and effective.,Chapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Competence,From “knowledge, skills, personality traits and ethics” perspective,Chapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Com
22、petence,There are several components expected for intercultural competence:knowledge of society/ knowledge of ethicslinguistic skills/ social skills/ IT skills personality traits/ cultural sensitivity,3. Intercultural communication competence in business, military approach and communication,Three sk
23、ills are identified as far as business context is concerned The military context Communication approach,Chapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Competence,Three skills are identified as far as business context is concerned,*skills concerning self-maintenance 自我维持技能 * skills concerning the f
24、ostering of relationship with host nationals 交际技能 * skills in understanding the host environment and social system 认知技能,Chapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Competence,The military context,The United Navy identified eight skills needed for success in serving overseas * self-awareness * s
25、elf-respect * interaction * empathy（移情作用） * adaptability （适应性） * certainty * initiative * acceptance,Chapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Competence,Communication approach,* A multicultural person is one who respects cultures and has tolerance for differences.* Definitions of intercultur
26、al competence more grounded in communication have identified four skill areas :a. personality strengthself-concept, self-disclosure, self-monitoring, self-relaxationb. communication skillsmessage skills, behavioral flexibility, interaction management, social skillsc. psychological adjustment (心理调适)a
27、djustment to new environment d. cultural awareness (文化意识)understanding the social customs and social systems of the host culture,Chapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Competence,Listen to the lead-in case Business Communication,What mistakes did Mr. Jones make? What competence should Mr.
28、Jones have in business communication?,Chapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Competence,Home work and After-class activities,1. Write a paper analyzing the intercultural communication competence.2. Surf on the Internet to collect the information about cognition, affect and actions,Chapter 12 Effective Intercultural Communication Competence,
