1、Unit 9 Chinese Food,,,LEARNING OBJECTIVES,By the end of this unit, you are supposed to:grasp the authors purpose of writing and make clear the structure of the whole passage through an intensive reading of Text 1. comprehend the topic sentences in Text 1 thoroughly and be able to paraphrase them. ge
2、t a list of new words and structures and use them freely in conversation and writing. be aware of the cross-cultural differences of food between Chinese and Western.,,Pre-reading Questions,How many cuisines are there in China? What are they?How important is food to the Chinese people?What are the ch
3、aracteristics of Chinese cuisine? What do you know about the difference between Chinese and western eating habits?Can you tell some methods of preparing the food and cooking?,,Pre-reading questions,Shandong Cuisine Sichuan Cuisine Guangdong Cuisine Fujian Cuisine,Jiangsu Cuisine Zhejiang Cuisine Hun
4、an Cuisine Anhui Cuisine,,Pre-reading questions,Can you tell the dishes in English?北京烤鸭,Beijing Roast Duck,,Pre-reading questions,Shrimp Dumpling,虾饺皇,,Pre-reading questions,Plain Boiled Chicken,白切鸡,,Pre-reading questions,Pepper and Salt Spareribs,椒盐排骨,,Pre-reading questions,Ma Po Bean curd,麻婆豆腐,,Dum
5、plings in soup/ wonton,,Pot sticker,,Boiled dumpling,,dumpling,,Glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo leaves,,Do you know any idiom or quotation about food?,,1. Im freezing my buns off today! I wish Id brought my coat to school! I forgot my coat today. I am very cold. The buns are freezing. 2. These idio
6、ms are a piece of cake to learn! The idioms are eating cake. These idioms are difficult to learn. These idioms are easy to learn.,,3. Wife: Honey, guess what? We have a bun in the oven! I heard from the doctor today. Husband: Oh, thats great! Im so happy! They are going to have buns for dinner. They
7、 are going to have a baby. The wife is baking some buns for the doctor. 4. Susan: Hi! What are you talking about? Mary: Oh, we are talking about Hollywood beefcake. Who do you like? Susan: I think Arnold Schwartzenegger is beefcake! Arnold is very handsome. Arnold lives in Hollywood. I am hungry.,,5
8、. I saw a very cheesy movie last night. You wouldnt believe how bad it was!The movie was excellent. The movie was expensive. The movie was poorly made. 6. I just bought the newest cheesecake poster of Pamela Lee to hang in my dorm room. I bought a poster of a pretty girl. I love to eat cheesecake. P
9、amela Lee likes to eat cheesecake.,,7. When I went skating yesterday, I fell on my buns four times! Ouch! I fell on my buttocks. I fell on my bread. I fell on my friend.,,Quotes,What is food to one man may be fierce poison to others. Lucretius He was a bold man who first swallowed an oyster. James I
10、One cannot think well, love well, sleep well, if one has not dined well. Virgina Woolf Man does not live by bread alone. Moses,,All happiness depends upon a leisurely breakfast. John GuntherA smiling face is half the meal. Latvian ProverbNothing would be more tiresome than eating and drinking if God
11、 had not made them a pleasure as well as a necessity. Voltaire Eat to live, but not live to eat.,,Language points,attend to: attendant: person whose job is to provide a service in a public place, e. g. a museum attendant; a swimming-pool attendant Could you attend to this matter immediately?Dr Zhang
12、 attended to her in hospital.attend church, attend a conference,,LANGUAGE WORK,derive from: to come from a source or originE.g. The word “deduct” derives from Latin.derive great pleasure from helping others 助人为乐derive pleasure from ones studies 从学习中获取乐趣derivation 来历，词源，派生, derivative 衍生物/派生物ecstasy:
13、 sudden intense feeling of excitementE.g. They went into ecstasies over the view.得知自己中了彩票，不由一阵狂喜。The news of his winning the lottery threw him into ecstasy. be in/go into/ be thrown into ecstasy,,smother: to cover closely or thicklyE.g. The cook smothered a steak with mushrooms.cake smothered with c
14、reama baby smothered to death in bed accidentallyhere it does not mean “covered”, but “smolder”(用文火煨), indicating a delicate processing of the food without haste (like an artist), not simply a mass-production of “fast food”.marked: striking; conspicuousE.g. John worked really hard. He showed marked
15、improvement in all the subjects.,,assert: to declare stronglyE.g. He asserted boldly that he was innocent of the crime. infamous: deserving of or causing an evil reputationE.g. He is infamous for saying that cheating is the way the game is played.notorious, notoriety/ scandalous, infamy n.他的腐败丑闻迫使他下
16、台。The infamy of his corruption forced him to step down.,,lavishadj. be lavish in/of/with sth. on/ upon sb.be lavish with the praise for the project;be lavish in praising the projectbe lavish with help 慷慨助人v.对唯一的孩子呵护备lavish care on/upon an only child他慷慨地给朋友们金钱/帮助。He lavished money/kindness on his fri
17、ends.,,bedeck: to decorate; to hang ornaments or decorations on E.g. He led us into a room bedecked with tinsel. 挂着卡片和铃铛的圣诞树Christmas trees bedecked with cards and bells. decorate, decorationmore examples of “be-”befriend: He befriended me when I was young.belittle: 贬低besiege: 围困 (siege:包围) bring sb
18、 under siege,,part and parcel: an essential part that must not be ignoredE.g. Its best to accept that some inconveniences are part and parcel of travel.簿记是我工作必不可少的一部分。Keeping the accounts is part and parcel of my job.phenomenal: very remarkableE.g. He enjoyed phenomenal success as a race care driver
19、.inherent: existing as a natural and permanent qualityE.g. The drug has certain inherent side effects.Dance is an inherent part of the culture.,,fastidiously: with excessive care or delicacyE.g. She stared fastidiously at the dirty table.He fastidiously copied every word of his notes onto the clean
20、paper.a. not easy to please; very critical or discriminating 吹毛求疵 b. refined in an oversensitive way so as to be easily disgusted She is fastidious about her food that I never invite her for dinner. 她太拣吃的，我从不请她吃饭。 He is not very particular about clothes. 他对穿着较随便。,,elusive: 1. hard to express or defi
21、ne E.g. He tried to recall the elusive thought he had had months before. 2. difficult to catch, find or remember 他总是神龙见首不见尾的，需要他的时候总是不知道他去哪儿了。 He is such an elusive person; you never know where he is when you want him.elude v. avoid meeting sth / sb elusion. evadeelude ones enemies: avoid contact wi
22、th foes.,,enterprisea. task, plan, assignmentb. 事业心，进取心，敬业，努力c. 企业组织，公司 corporation; business activityConservative governments in Britain favor private enterprise rather than nationalization.,,contrive: invent, designE.g. In 1862, a technique was contrived to take a series of photographs showing sta
23、ges of movement.conform: to act in accordance with; to comply withE.g. Her clothes conformed to fashion.Though educated, we conform to some old customs.,,palate: the sense of tasteE.g. Well have a dinner to delight the palate.I let my palate dictate what I eat.piquant: having a pleasant sharp or str
24、ong tasteE.g. With that piquant tomato sauce, the dish tastes much better.,,Structural analysis of the text,The text can be divided into 3 parts:First part: The difference in Chinese and Western attitudes towards food. Second part: Reasons of the international success of Chinese food. Third part: Th
25、e nature of Chinese food.Can you identify the paragraphs that constitute the 3 parts?Para 1-4, 5-6, 7-9,,Text Study - Part One: (Paragraphs 1-4),The difference in Chinese and Western attitudes toward food. In the life of an individual, how, according to Kenneth Lo, is food different from music, a le
26、cture or conversation, or matters of business? (As music, a lecture or conversation, or matters of business will never be integrated into ones body or spiritual and moral fiber, one may not attend to them whole-heartedly. Yet, food is different. As it is going to be part of our bodies, it requires o
27、ur serious treatment.),,Part One: (Paragraphs 1-4),2. How does Lo make his point clear? (by comparison and contrast and by raising two rhetorical questions)3. What is the Chinese attitude of food? (They regard food as their first happiness.),,Part One: (Paragraphs 1-4),4. What does “to eat with a ca
28、pital E” mean?(To the Westerners, the chief purpose of eating in a restaurant may be to be entertained socially, so the environment and the position are deemed as the crucial factor to consider. But to the Chinese, eating is the sole purpose. Thats why they tend to enjoy eating heart and soul.),,Tex
29、t Study,How do you understand “intimately” and “completely”?a. “intimately”:Food is of primal importance that we can never dispense with. We have three meals a day, physically and spiritually attached to food.b. “completely”:Overall, people never reject delicious dishes, with full readiness to enjoy
30、 them all, free from hesitation and reservation.,,Text Study,determinespiritual and moral fiber and well-being?a. What does “fiber” mean? It originally means structure, construction. Spirit and morality are philosophical abstractions, which are basically psychological and intangible, unlikely to hav
31、e physical constructions as material things do. Fiber is metaphorically used here to refer to spiritual and moral “make-up” or “quality” of a person.b. well-beingstate of being healthy, happy, etc. For example: have a sense of (physical/ spiritual) well-beingbeing well, welfare （福祉，福利）, (fare: 过日子）,
32、,Text Study,c. How come food determines a persons spiritual and moral make-up?The traditional Chinese culture believes that materials have impact on mentality, especially in the matter of food and eating. 大戴礼记: “食谷者巧而慧,食肉者勇而悍“, grains eaters: apt and clever; meat eaters: brave and toughAlso, they ma
33、intain some combinations of dishes may bring harmony and prosperity to the eaters. In this sense material food is brought up to spiritual and cultural altitudes.,,E.g.百年好合: Red Bean good wishes,,Parg.2 1. This is an easy question for a Chinese to askWhat question is it? Why is it easy and natural fo
34、r a Chinese to ask such kind of question?two hows: how can one remain entirely indifferent to;because Chinese have their own understanding of food and philosophy of cooking, which are drastically different from those of Westerners. For example, Chinese hold eating animal kidneys can strengthen their
35、 own. They also think百年好合 and腊八粥 can bring them good luck. All these are incredible to Westerners.,,2. contribute sth to sth/sb/doing sth.contribute to 捐钱；帮助；导致a. contribute (ten pounds) to a charity collection. The chairman encourages everyone to contribute to the discussion.b. Her work has contrib
36、uted enormously to our understanding of this difficult subject.c. help to cause sth: Does smoking contribute to lung cancer? 3. What does “saint” and “sinner” imply respectively?superior vs inferior moral qualities.They are used as antonyms in this context, indicating two drastically different effec
37、ts that food is said to have on some people.,,4. for them, food is simply a fuel.Man is compared to a machine. 燃料之于机器,正如食物之于人类.Fuel to machine is what food is to man. 水之于鱼,正如空气之于人类.Water (is) to fish is what air is to man.“them” refers to whom?What does “food is simply a fuel” imply?It implies that
38、food for some Westerners is regarded as basically satisfying their physical needs, i.e., keeping them alive and energetic, like fuel to machine, rather than a cultural and esthetic enjoyment.,,Parg.31. Kenneth Lo, however,Kenneth Lo, however, shows an idea that is different from the above-mentioned
39、Westerners and that is characteristic of the Chinese philosophy.,,2. quotes no less an authority than ConfuciusQuote: v. to cite or refer to for illustration or proof.Here it means “quotes such a great authority as Confucius”, or “quotes so great an authority as Confucius”no less than: as much as ,
40、as great as He was accused of no less a crime than high treason. 他被指控犯了(严重到)叛国(程度的)重罪。than: conj. expressing exception 除外没有none other than Sam:正是Sam.The beaten enemy had no other choice than to surrender.被打败的敌人只得投降。It was no/none other (person) than my mother.这（不是别人）正是我的母亲。,,P4 1. observe: comment;
41、watch or notice; obey2. paraphrase: “to be entertained socially, and also, incidentally, to eat”They eat and drink and deem this occasion as a chance for public gathering and social interaction with others, not sth personal, and eating itself here is not simply for stuffing ones stomach, but more im
42、portantly for making friends and warming up personal relationships. incidental: apart from the main subject; by the way,,3. plain walls: What is its denotation and implication? denotation: walls without decorationimplication: without artistic taste, and the only purpose is plain and simple: to eat o
43、nes fill大快朵颐 (furious eating, derg.), without care for the environment.Please note that the comment is based on impressions of no later than 1970s. Chinese may not always be like this now. party: group of people, companions, partners,,4. proceed proceed with: go on with sth , begin or continue sth:P
44、lease proceed with your report. 请做你的报告吧。Everything proceeds as normal.5. What does “serious business” imply?Irony, refers to “eating” here. 6. the Chinese intentions:the purpose of the Chinese coming into the restaurant 7. whole-hearted:without doubt or hesitation: give whole-hearted supportPlease t
45、ake heed of the note of sarcasm revealed by the two words “honorable” and “ whole-hearted”.,,Sum-up of Part One : Text Comprehension,The difference in Chinese and Western attitude towards foodChinese people regard food as the first happiness in life while the westerners think that food is simply a f
46、uel. To the westerners, their purpose of eating in a restaurant is to find a good position, but to the Chinese, their sole purpose is to eat.,,Text Study - Part Two: (Paragraphs 5-6),The reasons of the international success of Chinese food.Why does the writer mention “from Hong Kong to Honolulu to Huboken to Huddersfield”? (These places with “H” as the initial are located in different areas of the world. They are randomly chosen, just to show the ubiquity of Chinese food.),
