1、Unit 4 Fear,单击添加署名或公司信息,Hemispheres: Reading and Writing Course,Unit 4 Fear,Text A Shark Attack,Text BFear,CONTENTS,LEAD-IN,A. Work in pairs or groups to list in different columns as many things that scare you as possible.,spider,snake,dog,mouse,bee,earthquake,hurricane,volcanic explosion,flood,drou
2、ght,public speaking,standing high,taking plane,darkness,watching horrormovies,Keys,LEAD-IN,B. Tick () the situation that triggers most fears in your mind and explain why.,Situation 1: Being alone in the elevator at 11.30 p.m. Situation 2: Walking in an empty dark street at midnight. Situation 3: Tra
3、velling alone in a foreign country. Situation 4: Being interviewed by employers for thefirst time. Situation 5: Being infected with a serious disease. Situation 6: Delivering a speech in front of a big audience. Situation 7: Watching horror movies alone. Situation 8: Going bungee jumping.,A phobia i
4、s an intense and persistent fear of certain situations, activities, things, animals, or people. The main symptom of this disorder is the excessive and unreasonable desire to avoid the feared stimulus.,Background Information,phobia,READING AND SPEAKING,Miss Muffet is from a nursery rhyme named Little
5、 Miss Muffet: Little Miss Muffet, sat on a tuffet, eating her curbs and whey. There came a big spider, and sat down beside her, and frightened Miss Muffet away.,Background Information,Miss Muffet,READING AND SPEAKING,Read the first paragraph. What doesarachnophobia mean? What does phobia mean?_,Skil
6、l Focus,READING AND SPEAKING,Identifying Words That Indicate Purposes The words and phrases to, in order to, and so that identify the purpose or intention of an action. They enable us to answer Why questions about actions.,X,Keys,Arachnophobia means “a fear of spiders”. Phobiameans “a fear of someth
7、ing”.,Article,Some people like spiders, and some are nervous around themand a few suffer from arachnophobia. Most people have little understanding of arachnophobia, but Dr. Hoffman knows a lot about it. Its one of the many phobias he helps patients overcome, using virtual technology.,Overcoming Fear
8、,READING AND SPEAKING,Translation,New words,One of his patients, nicknamed Miss Muffet, was terrified of spiders. For years, before she got in a car, she sprayed it with poison to kill any spiders. Before she went to bed, she sealed her windows with tape so that spiders couldnt come in. She kept her
9、 clothes in plastic in order to stop spiders from hiding in them. These techniques provided a little relief, but Miss Muffet was still so afraid of spiders that she became unable to leave her house. She felt lonely and sad. She was very depressed. Her life was becoming unbearable.,READING AND SPEAKI
10、NG,Translation,READING AND SPEAKING,Miss Muffet had to do something. She finally went to Dr. Hoffman in order to get treatment. Dr. Hoffman used a computer to create a virtual world full of spiders. Then, he put Miss Muffet into it.Miss Muffet wore a special headset to enter the virtual world of spi
11、ders. First, she simply watched a spider across the room. She did this every day, and gradually she became less afraid of it. Soon she was wearing a special glove to pick up virtual spiders.,Translation,Then, Dr. Hoffman gave her a final test. He showed her a real spider. Miss Muffet was able to hol
12、d it confidently in her hand! It was a thrilling moment for both doctor and patient. Few people suffer from their phobias to the extent Miss Muffet did. Virtual technology has helped a few people with arachnophobia, and Dr. Hoffman is looking for ways to help people with other phobias. Perhaps phobi
13、as will soon be a thing of the past.,READING AND SPEAKING,Translation,克服恐惧有些人喜欢蜘蛛，有些人看到蜘蛛就紧张，还有些人甚至患有蜘蛛恐惧症。大多数人对蜘蛛恐惧症所知甚少，不过霍夫曼博士对它却了如指掌。他利用虚拟技术帮助病人克服的诸多恐惧症中就有蜘蛛恐惧症。,Article,他有一位病人，绰号“玛菲特小姐”，过去很害怕蜘蛛。多年来，她上车前一定要往车里喷一遍杀虫剂，杀死所有的蜘蛛；睡觉前要用胶带把窗户封起来，让蜘蛛进不来；她把衣服装在塑料袋里，以防蜘蛛躲在衣服里。这些做法虽然能稍稍缓解她的紧张情绪，但是玛菲特小姐仍然很害怕
14、蜘蛛，以至离不开家。她感到孤独、悲伤、非常抑郁。她开始受不了这样的生活了。,Article,玛菲特小姐必须得做点什么。她最终去找霍夫曼博士寻求治疗。霍夫曼博士在电脑上创造了一个遍布蜘蛛的虚拟世界。然后，他让玛菲特小姐进入这个世界。玛菲特小姐头戴特制的耳机进入虚拟的蜘蛛世界。开始，她只是看着蜘蛛在房间里爬，每天如此。逐渐地，她没有那么惧怕蜘蛛了。不久，她就戴着特制的手套去抓那些虚拟的蜘蛛。,Article,接下来，霍夫曼博士给她进行最后的测试。他给她看一只真正的蜘蛛。玛菲特小姐居然能镇定地把它抓在手里。无论对医生还是对病人来说，这一时刻都让人激动不已。很少有人患玛菲特小姐那样严重的恐惧症。虚拟技
15、术已经帮助过几位蜘蛛恐惧症患者。霍夫曼博士正在想办法帮助其他恐惧症患者，或许恐惧症很快就会成为历史了。,Article,READING AND SPEAKING,back,a. Miss Muffet sprayed her car with poison. b. Miss Muffet put tape on her windows. c. Miss Muffet hid her clothes. d. Dr. Hoffman asked Miss Muffet to get treatment. e. Dr. Hoffman used a computer as part of Miss
16、Muffets treatment f. Miss Muffet wore a special headset and glove.,READING AND SPEAKING,B. Read the article. Circle the things that happened in it and write the letters next to the correct purpose or intention.,Keys,READING AND SPEAKING,Keys,_ to see and hold the virtual spiders _ in order to create
17、 a virtual world filled with spiders _ to keep spiders outside _ so that she could kill any spiders,f,e,b,a,C. Check () the things you are afraid of. Discuss ways to cope with these fears.,READING AND SPEAKING,_fire _crime_public speaking _shark_dogs _dirt_flying (in a plane) others:_,TEXT A,TEXT A,
18、Peter Bradford Benchley (May 8, 1940 February 12, 2006) was an American author, best known for his novel Jaws and its subsequent film adaptation, the latter co-written by Benchley (with Carl Gottlieb) and directed by Steven Spielberg. Several more of his works were also adapted for cinema, including
19、 The Deep and the Island.,Background Information,Peter Benchley,Jaws is a 1975 American thriller film directed by Steven Spielberg and based on Peter Benchleys novel of the same name. The police chief of Amity Island, a fictional summer resort town, tries to protect beachgoers from a giant great whi
20、te shark by closing the beach, only to be overruled by the town council, which wants the beach to remain open to draw a profit from tourists during the summer season. After several attacks, the police chief enlists the help of a marine biologist and a professional shark hunter.,TEXT A,Background Inf
21、ormation,Jaws,Steven Allan Spielberg (born December 18, 1946) is an American film director, screenwriter, and film producer. In a career spanning six decades, Spielbergs films have covered many themes and genres. Spielbergs early science-fiction and adventure films were seen as an archetype of moder
22、n Hollywood blockbuster filmmaking. In later years, his films began addressing such issues as the Holocaust, slavery, war and terrorism. He is considered to be one of the most influential filmmakers in the history of cinema. Spielberg won the Academy Award for Best Director for Schindlers List (1993
23、) and Saving Private Ryan (1998). Three of Spielbergs filmsJaws (1975), E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982), and Jurassic Park (1993).,TEXT A,Background Information,Steven Spielberg,TEXT A,Believe it or not, this shark is more afraid of you than you are of it.,无论你信不信，人怕鲨鱼，鲨鱼更怕人。,Shark Attack,全文音频,TEXT
24、 A,1. The fatal shark attack on a Florida surfer has prompted a typical round of fear-mongering, with some in Florida wondering if beaches should be closed. But the facts are clear: If you think going in the water is scary, then you should stay out of your house. 2. Its no wonder sharks scare us, an
25、d Peter Benchleys 1974 novel Jaws and Steven Spielbergs hit movie that followed certainly havent helped. Even among shark lovers, the fear an apex predator like a great white dislodges from our is a big part of the .,definitely,subconscious,fascination,TRANSLATION,TEXT A,3. But the fact remains that
26、 the death of Florida surfer Stephen Schafer after being bitten by a shark or sharks off Stuart Beach, Florida, is far more an anomaly than business as usual. So if youre planning a trip to the local beach next summer, try to put out of your mind todays news reports of a “ravenous” “swarm” of sharks
27、 that took Mr. Schafers life (frequently accompanied with file photos of gaping-mawed great whites).,TRANSLATION,TEXT A,A fatal shark attack is vanishingly rare when considered against the tens of millions of people who venture into the ocean each year and the fact that almost always theyre in reaso
28、nably close proximity to sharks. The folks at the International Shark Attack File report 137 fatal unprovoked attackstotalby sharks worldwide since 1580.,TRANSLATION,TEXT A,5. They also typically seek to use like Mr. Schafers as teaching moments for , trying to calm fears that in the past have fuele
29、d punitive hunting of these animals. For instance, in the U.S. since 1942, there have been twice as many fatal attacks by alligators (18) than by sharks (9). Mans best friend? Hes been responsible for at least 198 human fatalities since 2001 alone. Lightning ? There have been 1,930 fatalities in the
30、 U.S. since 1959.,tragedies,the public at large,irrational,strikes,TRANSLATION,TEXT A,6. Those numbers are pretty much the same around the world, but if you really want to scare yourself, heres a good factoid: statistics in Britain show that 30,000 people die in that country every year from accident
31、s in the home. 7. As for the sharks, theyre more afraid of us than we are of them. The United Nations that 10 million sharks are killed for their each year, and a number of conservationists consider that an .,roughly,estimates,underestimate,TRANSLATION,TEXT A,8. And are sharks “ravenous killers” if
32、they do occasionally bite? Usually not. Most shark attacks are a case of mistaken identitya shark mistaking a surfer for a tasty sea turtle or seal. Most sharks usually bite and then let go, in search of a more usual prey. 9. In the 1990s when I was living in Indonesia, I had an who survived 5 hours
33、 in open water after her ferry sank off the coast of Sumatra. Her time in the water was a horrifying ordeal, and she reported being “bumped” by large sharks a number of times while in the water. Terrifying, of course, but none of them elected to take a bite out of her.,acquaintance,TRANSLATION,TEXT
34、A,10. Researchers say such bumping is probably a sharks way of figuring out if something on the surface is a good thing to eat. 11. Mr. Benchley, who in 2006, came to regret writing Jaws, which he felt fed irrational hatred of a fish that does not typically prey on humans. He became a shark conserva
35、tionist. 12. “Sharks are much more the victims than the villains,” he said in 2000 to a group in Hong Kong. “. You are much more likely to be killed by bees, dogs, bats, and certainly in Hong Kong, automobiles.”,passed away,TRANSLATION,TEXT STRUCTURE ANALYSIS,1. According to the International Shark
36、Attack File, 137 fatal attacks by sharks are out of no reason. (para. ) 2. Some experts say that sharks choose to bump you probably because they want to find out if you are a good thing to eat. (para. ) 3. Mr. Benchley regretted wiring laws. (para. ) 4. Sharks are more afraid of us than we are of th
37、em. (para. ) 5. A woman was bumped by sharks in the water but none of them bit her. (para. ),TEXT A,A. Identify the paragraph from which the following information is derived.,Keys,READING COMPREHENSION,4,10,11,7,9,TEXT A,1. The fatal shark attack caused _ among ordinary people.,B. Choose the best an
38、swer from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D.,2. The phenomenon that sharks bite human is actually _.,Keys,READING COMPREHENSION,C,A,TEXT A,3. It is estimated that 10 million sharks are killedbecause _.,Keys,C,TEXT A,4. Sharks bite people mostly because _.,Keys,B,TEXT A,5. The authors friends ex
39、perience proves that close proximity to sharks is _.,Keys,B,TEXT A,C. Answer the following questions according to the text.,1. What does the author imply by saying that “if you think going in the water is scary, then you should definitely stay out of your house”?2. Whats Steven Spielbergs hit movie
40、most probably about?3. Why did Mr. Benchley come to regret writing Jaws?,The chance of your getting attacked by sharks in the water is far smaller than your getting hurt in your house.,Scary great white sharks.,Because he felt that the book fed irrational hatred of a fish that does not typically pre
41、y on humans.,TEXT A,Vocabulary,Study the words that can collocate with “strike” and complete the following sentences with them.,Keys,lipstick,perfume,supermarket mall,sandwich steak,dress pants,The government should redistribute goods and materials in the market in order to strike a _ between supply
42、 and demand and regulations at any time. 2. As a college student, our constant aim is to strike _ in the present and face the future.,balance,roots,TEXT A,Keys,lipstick,perfume,supermarket mall,dress pants,3. Without hesitation, I struck _ a conversation with the professor as soon as he finished his
43、 lecture . 4. He was struck _ by AIDS while in his thirties. 5. The doctor was struck _ by the hospital as the result of a serious accident. 6. Marks criticism of his cousins laziness really strikes _.,up,down,off,home,TEXT A,Keys,lipstick,perfume,supermarket mall,sandwich steak,dress pants,7. His h
44、ead struck the _ when he dived into the 6ft end of the pool. 8. Both of the companies hope to strike a _ with each other. 9. It is quite dark here, so he stroke a _ to light a candle as they didnt take a torch with them. 10. We should make great efforts to convince them instead of striking a _ to fr
45、ighten them.,match,pose,deal,bottom,TEXT A,Discuss the following questions with a partner.,1. In what way can the two pictures above scare you?,The use of computer and mobile phone may lead to privacy leakage.,CRITICAL THINKING,TEXT A,2. Brainstorm the fears caused by modern devices of communication
46、 and illustrate why you are scared.3. What do you do to make full use of the communication devices without being influenced by its negative effects?,The number of your mobile phone may become the target of people with ill intention. When you use the search engine, the search records can easily be tr
47、aced back to the computer it came from.,Leave your phone number only when necessary. Dont put your personal information online unless its necessary and erase it as soon as possible.,TEXT B,Looking around, there are numerous instances of fears that keep people from getting what they want every day, e
48、specially for children. To live a better life, we need to learn about fear and try to conquer it.,TEXT B,看看我们周边，有关恐惧的例子很多。人们因为恐惧症而无法满足日常需要，尤其是孩子。要想过上更好的生活，我们就要了解恐惧、克服恐惧。,Fear,全文音频,1. Fear is an intense aversion to or of a person, place, activity, event, or object that causes emotional and often behavior.,
