1、大学英语四级,新四级考试整个流程 时间：9：0011：20 写作题与快速阅读 45分钟 9:55 收答题卡1 10:00 听力(35)、阅读理解(25)、完型或改错(15)、中英翻译(5) 11:20 收答题卡2 选择题务必用2B浓度的铅笔作答；所有非选择性试题（即写作、填空等）务必用黑色字迹签字笔作答,大学英语四级作文四个基本考点,1、 切题-所谓切题是指在形式上诸如段落、字数、文体、格式等方面满足题目要求，并在内容上没有偏差。 2、 表达清楚、条理清晰-本要求考查学生对文章结构的掌握，要求文章主题观点明确，有头有尾，论证说明安排有主次，有轻重。 3、 文字通顺，连贯性较好-本要求考查学生对
2、过渡句和连接词或词组的掌握和运用，要求文章句子内部与句子之间通顺连贯，不突兀。 4、 基本无语言错误-本要求考查学生语言基本功的掌握，包括语法与拼写两部分。,写作的标准分：,33分：条理不清，思路混乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。 39分：基本切题，表达思想不清楚连贯性差，有较多严重的语言错误。 45分：基本切题，有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，期中有一些是严重错误。 57分：切题，表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。 67分：切题，表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。 71分 最高分标准分=分数100.15
3、,四级偏重校园生活,步骤： 审题 作文类型： 说明文（阐述主题；利弊类型；原因结构 型；解决问题型；谚语说明型等） 议论文：反驳观点型 应用文：写信 求职信 邀请信等 2. 决定观点（资料比较多） 3. 提纲 三段式：开头； 主体； 结论 （提纲变中心句 放句首加上由逻辑词链接的分支观点） 4.检查 1）每个句子是否都有谓语动词； 2） 动词的时态和语态； 3）主谓搭配是否恰当； 4）单词大小写，拼写标点符号。,作文误区,使用太复杂的句型以致出错 太多想象，内容细节过多，文章冗长 书写不规范,高分策略,1.构思简单 少犯错误（考核语言表达能力） 2. 好的开头和结尾开头找好切入点，快速入题，简
4、洁明快结尾不要拖泥带水，适当评论，点睛之笔 3. 用好关联词 并列：and, besides, as well as, in addition to, not only but also 递进：furthermore, whats more, whats worse 转折：but, while, on the contrary, on the other hand, however,4. 用好标点，大小写，安排好段落句子正确性和多样性（同位语，无灵主语，排比等）词的变化 句子的变化 近义词替换 5.书写清楚，整洁，规范,好的开头,1. 直接陈述观点 例1: Nowadays people ar
5、e coming to realize/be aware thatAs far as I am concerned, 例2: People become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of In my opinion/I think,2. 比较法,例1: When it comes to, some people think / believe that Others argue / claim that the opposite is true. There is probably some truth in both argu
6、ments / statements, but I hold / believe that 例2: Nowadays, there is public discussion / controversy on / about the problem / issue of Those who criticize / object toargue thatBut people who advocate / favor, on the other hand, maintain thatI strongly hold that,背景法 例1：People used to think / It was o
7、nce thoughtIn the past / old daysBut things are quite different. Few people now share this view. 设问法 Should smoking be banned? Answers to this question vary greatly. Some people are in favor of the banning of smoking because it is not only a strong offence（冒犯） to people around the smokers, but also
8、something harmful to the smokers themselves. I side with them in this sense.,数据法 例1：According to a recent survey, about 85% of the people are in favor of Golden Week and 15% regard Golden Week as a waste of time. 例2: A recent statistics shows that75% of the college students wanted to further their s
9、tudy after graduation.,结尾,总结法 Sample: Important Qualities of a Good Son or DaughterThe above-mentioned are only a few of the qualities of a good child, namely, being filial（）, respecting the parents and loving the family, but I believe that they have been and will be of vital importance in a family.
10、 重申法 Sample: Why Do People Work?In brief, I believe that people work mainly because they find their work rewarding and can feel the sense of satisfaction in their job. (the beginning of the essay goes like this: It seems that people work for money; however, as a matter of fact, they work mainly beca
11、use they enjoy working, through which they can get the sense of accomplishment.) ,建议法 Sample: Physical Exercise is Beneficial to HealthFrom the above data, we can see the importance of physical exercises. Therefore, people form all walks of life should spend more time on taking up physical exercises
12、 to keep themselves physically and mentally sound. 预测法 Sample: Computer Translation or Human Being Translation?All in all, no matter how advanced science and technology would be, computers can never take the place of human beings in translation. We human beings have produced and will produce better
13、translations to bridge the different cultures.引言式 Sample: The Importance of KnowledgeFrancis Bacon, the great philosopher, once remarked, “knowledge is power”. This is still valid in modern times. Only by obtaining useful knowledge, can we contribute more to the society.,常见错误归纳,一、主语错误 1. 主语缺失 1)In o
14、ur country feels very free. People feel free in our country. 2)In my hometown arent very busy. People in my hometown are very busy.,2. 非名词主语 1)Rich doesnt ensure a happy life. Being rich doesnt mean a happy life. / Wealth doesnt ensure a happy life. 2)Keep two full-time jobs is simply impossible. Ke
15、eping two full-time jobs is simply impossible. 3. 主谓错位 1)Reading books can acquire knowledge. People can acquire knowledge from books. 2)Now peoples lives cant leave TV. Now people cant do without TV.,二、谓语错误,1. 多重谓语 1)In our modern society, there are many examples around us show that many people are
16、 cheated. In our modern society, many examples around us show that many people are cheated. 2)Poverty makes many people cant study abroad. Poverty makes many people unable to study abroad. / Poverty makes it impossible for many people to study abroad. / Poverty prevents many people from studying abr
17、oad. / Many people cant study abroad because of poverty. 3) There are many people think that. There are many people who think that.或者直接说Many people think that.,2. 非动词谓语 1)Some people firmly agree, but others against it. Some people firmly agree, but others are against it. 2)It is said that the place
18、 worthes touring. It is said that the place is worth touring. 3. 主谓不一致 1)I have to visit the teacher who teach me College English. I have to visit the teacher who teaches me College English. 2)I use a disk because it hold plenty of data. I use a disk because it holds plenty of data 4. 误用词组 1)They in
19、sist on post-graduate study is very important for them. They insist that post-graduate study is very important for them. 2)I am afraid of that its going to rain. I am afraid that its going to rain.,三、冠词错误,1)In my opinion, the future of bicycle is very promising. In my opinion, the future of the bicy
20、cle is very promising. 2) They suggest that we should choose only the good books to read and never touch the bad ones. They suggest that we should choose only good books to read and never touch bad ones.,四、代词错误,1. 偷梁换柱 1)An important thing for the student to remember is that when writing a paper, yo
21、u should not plagiarize. An important thing for the student to remember is that when writing a paper, he should not plagiarize. 2)If we cheat others, friends will never believe you and they will leave you alone. If we cheat others, friends will never believe us and they will leave us along. / If you
22、 cheat others, friends will never believe you and they will leave you alone.,2. 指代不明 1)He gave a reason for not attending the meeting, which nobody believed. He gave a reason, which nobody believed, for not attending the meeting. / He gave a reason for not attending the meeting, a reason which nobod
23、y believed. 2)Sometimes teachers have to inform the students of the heavy burden they have to bear. Sometimes teachers have to inform the students of the heavy burden students have to bear.,五、形容词、副词错误,1)What is more, the change of the weather will make the place look differently. What is more, the c
24、hange of the weather will make the place look different. 2)Surprising enough, he faces the failure very bravely. Surprisingly enough, he faces the failure very bravely.,六、分词误用,1) Comparing with other countries, China pays little attention to the energy problem. Compared with other countries, China p
25、ays little attention to the energy problem. 2) Those spirits were just like an indispensable part of the whole picture when viewing through my camera. Those spirits were just like an indispensable part of the whole picture when viewed through my camera.,七、修饰语误置,1) Spoken English is an important part
26、 for learning English people. Spoken English is an important part for people learning English. 2)To keep the air clean, we must move the factories which give off poisonous gases to the countryside. To keep the air clean, we must move to the countryside the factories which give off poisonous gases .,
27、八、垂悬修饰语,1) Having carried out economic reforms in our country, peoples living standard has been greatly improved. Having carried out economic reforms in our country, people have greatly improved their living standard. 2)To tell my friend the good news, the letter was posted at once. To tell my frien
28、d the good news, I posted the letter at once.,九、平行错误,1) While we reduce the number of vehicles, the speed of traffic can be increased. While we reduce the number of vehicles, we can increase the speed of traffic. 2) Before I selected the new course, my teacher warned me of the difficulty of the cour
29、se and how long it lasted. Before I selected the new course, my teacher warned me of the difficulty and length of the course. / Before I selected the new course, my teacher warned me how difficult the course was and how long it lasted.,十、搭配错误,1) In the past the price of meat was so expensive that mo
30、st families could not afford it. In the past the price of meat was so high that most families could not afford it. 2) Crowded traffic in some large cities is a big problem for city dwellers. Heavy traffic in some large cities is a big problem for city dwellers.,十一、破句,1) Nowadays, if you want to find
31、 a job. Then you must pass the job interview. Nowadays, if you want to find a job, you must pass the job interview. 2) First you should show good manners. Because the first impression you leave on others is important. First you should show good manners, because the first impression you leave on othe
32、rs is important.,练习题,1）There is a saying goes . 2）Its the major thing affects peoples friendship. 3）When we have difficulty, someone helps you right away is the real friend. 4）Friendship is important for no matter rich people or poor people. 5）People are not sure that whether. There is a saying whic
33、h goes . Its the major thing that affects peoples friendship. 少了一个who Friendship is important, whether for rich people or for poor people. “no matter“后面必须接一个小句（主语、谓语完整） that一词多余,6）If people become friends, both of them wont care about money. 7）a. In my opinion, I agree with the view that.b. share ma
34、ny common interests 8) Some people believe that financial disparity affects friendship. Some believe that financial disparity doesnt affect friendship. For my part, I agree with the latter, because financial disparity doesnt affect friendship. 9) It is not difficult to imagine if those rich people h
35、ave some poor friends with common interests. 10) We wont ask people whether they have much money or not when making friends with other people.neither of them care about money. In my opinion去掉，或把后面的一半改为the view that. is right if一词显然应该是that，不过更通顺的说法应该是It is not difficult to imagine rich people having
36、some poor friends with similar interests. have many common interests或share many interests people和other people显然应该是同指关系，后面的other people应改为them才对,作文是对语言的综合运用，可以集中体现出学习者的基本功和思维能力；语感非常重要，不过要形成好的语感还需要长期的反复训练。写作能力必须建立在大量阅读、用心感受和无数次练习的基础上，对此曾对学生反复讲过多次，不过由于无法立竿见影，多数学生不能很好地坚持，很是遗憾。,历年四级作文题目,1. 2005年6月向老师表达节日
37、祝贺从一件小事来回忆老师的教诲和无私的奉献我如何回报老师的关爱 2. 2005年12月名校校园正成为旅游新热点校园是否应对游客开放，人们看法不同我认为Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists？,2006年6月 0n Students Selecting Lectures 有些大学允许学生自由选择某些课程的任课教师 学生选择教师时所考虑的主要因素 学生自选任课教师的益处和可能产生的问题 4. 2006年12月许多人喜欢在除夕夜观看春节晚会 但有些人提出取消春节晚会. 我的看法.,5. 2007年6月申请加入一个社团 An announcem
38、ent to welcome students to join to a clubWelcome to our club本社团的主要活动内容参加本社团的好处如何加入本社团 6. 2007年12月各大学开设了各种各样的选修课 学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课 以你自己为例,7.2008年6月 娱乐活动(recreational activities)多种多样 娱乐活动可以使人们受益，也可能有危害性 作为大学生我们的看法 8. 2008年12月 Limiting The Use of Disposable Plastic Bags一次性塑料袋曾被广泛的使用造成的问题限制使用的意义 9. 2009
39、年6月Free admission to museums越来越多的博物馆免费开放的目的是什么？也会带来一些问题你的看法,作文模板,对比选择型 2006年12月 1许多人喜欢在除夕观看春节晚会 2但有些人提出取消春节晚会 3我的看法 模板1There is no consensus among the people as to the view of _ (主题). Some people hold the idea that _(观点A). A case in point is that _(支持观点A的例子). On the other hand, others may have a qui
40、te different view. According to them, _ (观点B). The most typical example is that _ (支持观点B的例子). Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I am inclined to agree with the latter. Admittedly, the former point of view seems reasonable in saying to some extent, but the latter is more convincing.,模板2,
41、_ (主题) is a common occurrence in our lives. The attitudes toward this issue vary from person to person. Some people tend to_ when they are asked _ (观点A) because _(支持观点A的原因). The most typical example is that _ (支持观点A的例子). However, others argue that _ (观点B). They point out that _ (重申观点B) for the reaso
42、n that _ (支持观点B的原因). As far as I am concerned, I will choose to _ (你的观点) because this choice fits my personality and my life-long belief. 2006年12月,现象解释型,2005年12月24日Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?
43、You should write at Least 120 words following the outline given below : 1名校校园正成为旅游新热点 2校园是否应对游客开放，人们看法不同 3我认为,模板一Topic We have witnessed_. According to_，_. And_. Many reasons contribute to_. To begin with，_. Moreover，_. In addition，_. As a result, _. As to me，_. First of all, _. (11) Besides, _. (12
44、) To conclude, _.,模板二 Topic has been brought into focus. Nowadays, _. In addition, _.Many reasons contribute to_. Generally speaking, _. First of all, _. (2) Moreover, _. Therefore, _. As far as I am concerned, _. As we know, _. Furthermore, _. In a word, _.,利弊型,Nowadays many people prefer _ (主题) be
45、cause it plays a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. On the one hand, _ (主题的优点1). On the other hand, _ (主题的优点2). But everything can be divided into two. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that _ (主题的缺点1). To
46、 make matters worse, _ (主题的缺点2). Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects far outweigh its negative aspects. Whatever effects it has, one thing is certain, _ (主题) itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to our society.,常用连接词,比
47、较对比关系过渡词语 similarly, on the contrary, on the one hand, on the other hand, otherwise, in sharp contrast, but, however, yet, nevertheless 列举关系过渡词语 as a case in point, such as, first of all, to begin with, furthermore, besides, in addition, for one thing, for another 因果关系过渡词语 because (of), since, for, owing to, thanks to, as a result of, consequently, for the reason that, therefore, hence 让步关系过渡词语 although, even though, in spite of, despite,
