1、Text A-What Animals Really Think,Text A-What Animals Really Think,Word-guessing game,pig monkey tiger turtle whale,dog parrot elephant dinosaur gorilla,Text A-What Animals Really Think,Intelligence is the power of, learning, understanding and knowing; mental ability,Do you think these animals have i
2、ntelligence?,Rank them according to their intelligence. Reasons.,pig monkey tiger turtle whale dog parrot elephant dinosaur gorilla,Text A-What Animals Really Think,Do you have your personal experiences about animal intelligence?,An example about an apes intelligence .,Lets find more examples of ani
3、mal intelligence from Text A.,Text A-What Animals Really Think,Text Structure,Paras1-2,Paras3-12,Paras13,3 sub-headings,Introduction,Supporting examples,Conclusion,Lets Make a Deal,Tale of a Whale,Primate Shell Game,Text A-What Animals Really Think,1. What is the controversy about animal intelligenc
4、e? (Para1),Do animals really have thoughts, what we call consciousness?,2. How do scientists explore animal intelligence usually? (Para1),Scientists design experiments to teach human signs.,Text A-What Animals Really Think,3. When does the author think animals will probably do their best thinking? (
5、Para1),4. Why did the author talk to people like vets, animal researchers and zoo keepers? (Para2),Because they often encounter animal intelligence and can tell him a lot of real stories.,When it serves their own purposes.,Text A-What Animals Really Think,5. What is the new window on animal intellig
6、ence revealed by the stories? (Para2),When dealing with captivity and humans, animals perform mental feats.,mental feats-高超的思维技能；聪明,Animals can demonstrate intelligence when dealing with captivity and human beings.,Text A-What Animals Really Think,6. How many animals are mentioned in the text? Who a
7、re they?,female gorilla,male orangutan,male killer whale,female orangutan,dominant male orangutan,Colo,Chantek,Orky,Melati,Towan,Text A-What Animals Really Think,7.The first animal-Colo (Para3-4),human:,Charlene Jendry, a conservationist at the Columbus zoo,The story:,One day, Colo was _ and Jendry
8、wanted to know what it was. So she _ some peanuts but Colo just gave her _. Jendry realized Colo was _ and she had to _ and give Colo a piece of pineapple.,handling a suspicious object,offered,a blank stare,negotiating,raise the stakes,Text A-What Animals Really Think,Colos ability:,trading one thin
9、g for another; bargaining; negotiating; making a deal,Maintaing _ with Jendry, Colo _ a key chain in her hand. Jendry was _ as the key chain was not dangerous or valuable and gave Colo the pineapple. But to her surprise, Colo _ the key chain and gave her a _. Maybe she was _ if she could get a bit o
10、f pineapple for each piece of key chain, why give Jendry the whole thing. Colo was really a careful _.,eye contact,revealed,relieved,broke,link,figuring,bargainer,Text A-What Animals Really Think,8.The second animal-Chantek (Para5-6),human:,Lyn Miles, an anthropologist,If Chantek did cleaning, he co
11、uld earn:,1. coins to spend on treats; 2. rides in Miles car,What Miles did there:,undertake a sign-language study at the University of Tennessee,the stem of grapes,Coins used by Miles:,plastic chips first; metal chips later,What Chantek did with coins:,1. break plastic chips in two; 2. find pieces
12、of tin foil and try to make copies. to expand money supply,Miles taught Chantek:,virtuous habits-saving and sharing,What Chantek shared:,Text A-What Animals Really Think,From the two animals, we can know:,Chanteks skill:,handling money; making a deal,8.The second animal-Chantek (Para5-6),Some animal
13、s are intelligent enough to know how to bargain with people.,Text A-What Animals Really Think,9.The third animal-Orky (Para7-10),human:,Gail Laule, a consultant on animal behavior,problem:,Orkys mate-Corky _a baby whale who didnt _at first. So keepers took it out of the tank by _for_. When workers r
14、eturned the it to the tank and _the stretcher a few meters above the water, the baby whale began to _suddenly and might_. But keepers couldnt _the baby to help it.,gave birth to,thrive,stretcher,emergency care,halted,throw up,choke,reach,Text A-What Animals Really Think,From the above killer whale,
15、we can know:,Animals can assess a situation and act accordingly.,actions by Orky:,size up, swim, keep steady,Orkys ability:,assessing; making judgments; taking actions.,Text A-What Animals Really Think,10. The fourth animal-Melati (Para11),human:,Helen Shewman-Zoo keeper of Seattles Woodland Zoo,pla
16、ying trick/deceiving/ playing shell game,Trick played by Melati:,After Helen Shewman dropped an orange for Melati, Melati didnt _to get it, but she still looked Shewman in the eye, _her hand. Shewman thought the orange must have rolled off and Melati couldnt get _ to it. So Shewman gave Melati anoth
17、er orange. However, at that moment, she noticed that Melati had _ the _orange in her other hand on purpose.,Melatis ability:,move away,holding out,access,hidden,original,Text A-What Animals Really Think,11. The fifth animal-Towan (Para12),playing trick/deceiving/ playing shell game/being tricky.,Tow
18、ans ability:,retell the story with the words given: watch the trick, pretend, hold her gaze, hold out his hand, hide orange under his foot.,From the two orangutans, we can know:,Some animals can play tricks.,Text A-What Animals Really Think,12. What is the function of these animal stories?,To suppor
19、t his point advanced in part I.,13. What is the topic sentence of the last part?,Other Species can assess the world around them, even if their horizons are more limited than ours.,Text A-What Animals Really Think,Text Structure,Text A-What Animals Really Think,Cultural Notes,Gorilla and Orangutan Ki
20、ller Whale,Text A-What Animals Really Think,Gorilla and Orangutan,Primate 灵长目,humans,Chimps or chimpanzee (黑猩猩),orangutans(猩猩),monkeys,apes,gorillas(大猩猩),Text A-What Animals Really Think,Text A-What Animals Really Think,Killer whale: orca, seawolf length: about 27-33 feet (8-10 m) weight: more than
21、8,000-12,000 pounds (3,600-5,400 kg). family: the largest member of the dolphin family. a mammal living in water breathe air through a hole at the top of its head. it is toothed and an efficient predator. only enemy: human being,Text A-What Animals Really Think,Text A-What Animals Really Think,Langu
22、age Points:,1. controversy 2. surround 3. explore 4. serve ones purpose 5. encounter 6. reveal 7. convince 8. negotiate 9. maintain,10. relieve 11. undertake 12. figure out 13. extend 14. expand 15. in sbs interest 16. assess 17. negotiate 18. size up 19. deceive,Text A-What Animals Really Think,1.
23、Over the years, I have written extensively about animal-intelligence experiments and the controversy that surround them. (L1-3),controversy: 争论，争议,The policy has caused fierce/heated controversy ever since it was introduced.,Photos of extinct South China tiger sparks controversy. People have a heate
24、d controversy over the authenticity of photographs of South China tiger.,controversial a. 有争议的,引起争议的,Text A-What Animals Really Think,1. Over the years, I have written extensively about animal-intelligence experiments and the controversy that surround them. (L1-3),surround: be or go all around. 围绕，包
25、围,The baby was sitting on the floor surrounded by toys.,What do you know about Zhoushan City, a prison or a beautiful woman?,多年来，我写了大量关于动物智能实验、以及围绕这些实验所产生的争议的文章。,Text A-What Animals Really Think,2. Wondering whether there might be better ways to explore animal intelligence than experiments. (L4),exp
26、lore: 1. examine thoroughly, learn about仔细检查, 研究, 探究; 2.探险,探测,考察,The engineers have already explored the possibilityof building a bridge over the river. The best way to explore the countryside is on foot.,Do you want to explore outer space or the Antarctic regions?,exploration n. 探测，探险；研究,Text A-Wha
27、t Animals Really Think,3. .they will do their best thinking when it serves their own purposes, not when scientists ask them to (L6),serve ones purpose: to have use有用,-Do you have a pen? - sorry, I dont have. Can this pencil serve your purpose.I havent got a hammer, but this stone can serve my purpos
28、e.,Text A-What Animals Really Think,4. .they encounter it, and. (L9),1) meet unexpectedly 偶遇, 邂逅 v. 2) meet something bad, esp. a difficulty or a danger 遭遇(困难, 危险 ) v. n. a sudden meeting 突遇, (困难, 危险),On the train, I encountered an old lady who happened to be a neighbor of my daughters.,我刚开始做这工作时遇到很
29、多困难.,I encountered many difficulties when I first started this job.,They had an encounter with the enemy last night.,Text A-What Animals Really Think,5. The stories they tell us reveal what Im convinced is a new window on animal intelligence: the kind of mental feats animals perform when dealing wit
30、h captivity and the dominant species on the planet humans. (L6),reveal: make sth especially secret known 展示, 显示; 泄露,透露,He was jailed for revealing secrets to the Russians.,Her biography revealed that she was not as rich as everyone thought.,Text A-What Animals Really Think,5. The stories they tell u
31、s reveal what Im convinced is a new window on animal intelligence: the kind of mental feats animals perform when dealing with captivity and the dominant species on the planet humans. (L10),convince: make sb. feel sure by the use of argument or evidence 使确信，使信服convince sb. of sth, convince sb. that,H
32、e managed to convince the jury of his innocence.,Its useless trying to convince her (that) she doesnt need to lose any weight.,Text A-What Animals Really Think,convince:使确信，使信服convince sb. of sth, convince sb. that,convinced a. 确信的，信服的 be convinced that /of convincing a. 令人信服的，有说服力的,I am convinced t
33、hat he is lying.,I didnt think the ending of the film was very convincing.,我相信他在撒谎。,Im sure that,Text A-What Animals Really Think,5. The stories they tell us reveal (what Im convinced is )a new window on animal intelligence: the kind of mental feats animals perform when dealing with captivity and th
34、e dominant species on the planet humans. (L10),他们讲述的故事开启了我相信是研究动物智能的一扇新的窗口：即动物在对付樊笼生活和地球上的主宰物种 人类 时所表现的高超的思维技能/聪明。,Text A-What Animals Really Think,6. Arriving on the scene, Jendry offered Colo some peanuts, only to be met with a blank stare. (L16),only和不定式连用常构成结果状语,表示与预料相反的结果，意思是“竟然、结果”,我到了剧院后，却发现将
35、票忘在家里了。,I got the theater, only to discover that I had left the ticket at home.,He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.,Text A-What Animals Really Think,7. Realizing they were negotiating, Jenry raised the stakes and. (L17),negotiate: discuss in order to come to an agreement谈判，协商,The Bush
36、Administration refuses to negotiate with the terrorists.,negotiation n. 商议，谈判,Text A-What Animals Really Think,8. At this point, while maintaining eye contact, Colo.(L18),maintain:保持，维持保养，维修（坚决）主张，强调,The taxi driver and his friend Ed maintained their friendship for over 30 years.,He maintained his c
37、ar regularly.,The accused maintained his innocence.,Text A-What Animals Really Think,9. Relieved it was not anything dangerous (L20),relieve: free sb. from pain, anxiety, etc; ease pain etc.使减轻（痛苦、焦虑），缓解减轻压力等 relieve sb of sth,I was relieved to hear that you arrived home safe and sound.,If you have
38、a headache or stomachache, will you eat drugs or medicine?,Taking a part-time job would relieve you of the financial burden.,relief - to ones relief; believe-belief,Text A-What Animals Really Think,10. Why give her the whole thing if I can . (L22),why+ 动词原形 和 why not +动词原形的不定式的用法,The central heating
39、 system seems to have gone wrong. You should call the repairman to check it.,. Why not call the repairman to check it?,Hes made up his mind not to undertake this task. Its pointless to argue with him any more.,He has made up his mind not to undertake this task. Why argue with him any more?,Text A-Wh
40、at Animals Really Think,11. a sign language study undertaken by. (L26),undertake: v. 1. carry out, take upon oneself ( a task , etc.) 从事,承担(任务) 2. undertake to do sth. 答应, 同意,Undertake a task Undertake responsibility,I undertook to teach the children English.,n. undertaking 工作，事业; 承诺,保证 charitable u
41、ndertakings 慈善事业,Text A-What Animals Really Think,11. Chantek figured out that if he did. (L27),figure out:想出,弄明白understand, reason out,I cant figure out why he quit his well-paid job to undertake such tedious work,figure:外形, 体形；数字；形状；身份，人物；画像, 塑像 n.,Text A-What Animals Really Think,11. But the oran
42、gutans understanding of money seemed to extend far beyond simple dealings. (L29),extend: v. 延伸，延长伸出，伸展（身体的一部分） 给予，提供,The wet weather extended into July.The baby extended his hands to grasp the toy. I would like to extend a warm welcome to all our visitors.,但这头猩猩对钱币的理解似乎远远超出了简单的交易。,Text A-What Animal
43、s Really Think,12. ., but Chantek decided he could expand the money supply by . (L31),expand : v.扩大，扩张膨胀,The bank is aiming to expand its share of the mortgage market. Metal expands when heated.,银行旨在扩大其抵押贷款的市场份额。,Text A-What Animals Really Think,13. Behaviorists would say that animals cooperate when
44、 they learn it is in their interest to do so. This is true, but I dont think it goes far enough. (L41),in sb. s interest为了的利益, 对有利,It would be in your interests to undertake the task.,In the interest of sth. : for the sake of sth.为了, 为了.的利益In the interest of safety, please do not smoke.,承担这一任务对你有利.,
45、Text A-What Animals Really Think,13. Behaviorists would say that animals cooperate when they learn it is in their interest to do so. This is true, but I dont think it goes far enough. (L41),行为主义者会说，动物认识到合作于己有利时就会这么做。这没有错，但我觉得这一解释尚不充分。,Text A-What Animals Really Think,14. He would assess a situation
46、and then do .(L45),assess : v. judge the quality, importance or worth of评估，估量,考试不是评价一个人的能力的唯一手段.,Examinations are not the only means of assessing someones ability.,They assessed the value of the house at 600,000 yuan.,Text A-What Animals Really Think,15. Apparently sizing up the problem, Orky .(L54)
47、,size up : carefully examine a situation or person in order to make a judgment 估量，判断,I dont like the way my father sized up my boyfriend.,He sized the situation up at a glance and took immediate action.,Text A-What Animals Really Think,16. Orky let the keeper reach up and release the .(L57),release
48、: 释放，解放，松开公布，发行,Physical exercise is a good way of releasing tension.,The precise sales volume has not been released yet.,release sb. from his suffering免除某人的痛苦; release sb. from his promise使某人不必履行诺言;,Text A-What Animals Really Think,17. Sometimes evidence of intelligence can be seen in attempts to deceive. (L60),deceive: try to make sb believe sth that is false 欺骗 deceive sb. into doing sth.,They deceived the dying old man into signing his will.,
