1、Lecture 22 英美概况,The American Civil War,Civil War,Time: 1861-1865 Participants: the South (Democratic) and the North(Republican) Cause: Abraham Lincoln was elected as president The Preface: Lincoln was elected as President-1860 South Carolina voted to leave the Union-the signal of the war The eleven
2、southern states form an independent nationthe Confederate States of America (beginning),The Civil War: Union vs Confederacy,The process of the Civil War,The first stage(186i-1862)Failure after failure came to the North.(see the contrast) The second stage： （1862，91865，4）The Emancipation Proclamation-
3、 1863,1,1Homestead Bill1862,5Battle of Gettysburg-1863,7.1, turning point The third stage: the victory.1865,4,2 Richmond was abandon.,Special figures in the war,Lincoln(1809-1865) the 16th president of America. Sailor, worker, postman,salesman Honest Abe Wide interests, reading books like Bible, wor
4、ks of Shakespeare Assassinated in 1865,4,14,Robert Lee（1807-70） 罗伯特 李将军 (10-3-3),American commander in chief of the Confederate army in the American Civil War. His military genius won him the admiration both South and North.,Ulysses Simpson Grant (1822-85) 格兰特 （10-3-4）,A commander-in-chief of the Un
5、ion army in the Civil War. He was 18th president of U.S.(1869-77). His administration was marked by partisan politics and corruption.,Special Figures in the War,Harrie Beecher Stowe(1861-1896) 哈里特斯托American female writer main works: Uncle Toms Cabin 林肯说过，一个小夫人和一本书引起了一场战争（美国内战),黑人奴隶的悲惨处境 (10-2-3),Und
6、erground Railroad 地下铁道,special battle in the war,Battle of Gettysburg turning point of the war lasting for three days,Gettysburg Address,that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion - that we here highly resolve that thes
7、e dead shall not have died in vain - that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom - and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.,Questions:What issues did the War resolve? What was the nature of the Civil War? What was the signi
8、ficance and effects of the War?,The nature of the Civil War:bourgeois revolutiona continuation and expansion of the War of Independence struggle of life and death (two social system, progressive and backward),Influence of the war,Two achievements: realize the unification of the American nation End t
9、he slavery system,Western Movement,Time : the years following the end of the civil war in 1965 People: miners Purpose: seek for gold and silver Place:Rocky mountain region Famous figures: hired horsemen- cowboys Results: Indians are withdrew and buffalo were destroyed,Rapid Growth of Capitalism after the Civil WarWhat were the factors of rapid growth of Capitalism after the Civil War? a stable political environment blacks slaves were free the role of science and invention high taxes on foreign imports the rich of natural resources,
