1、写作原则,同一语义用一个句子写出来:,我生于哈尔滨，哈尔滨是个美丽的城市，很多人住在这儿。,I was born in Harbin which is a beautiful city that many people live here.,他说他要来但是他没来我很失望,It is a disappointed to me that he breaks his promise that he is coming.,不是老师，他也上课,Not being a teacher, he gives classes.,记者们听说刘若英要来，都出去找消息,Hearing that Miss Liu is
2、 coming to Harbin, journalists set out to get news.,原则：找出一个共同的主语，结果动词作为真正谓语，其余动词看与主语的关系，主动用doing形式 被动用 done,插入语,小细节：意义功能相关人,水是生命之源，覆盖的面积越来越小，现在被污染的很严重,Water， which is polluted seriously and covers decreasing areas , is the source of life.,练习：Internet,Internet，which makes the world smaller. Is a conv
3、enient and efficient way of communication.,强调句,每个女孩都梦想得到一枚钻石戒指 It is a diamond ring that every girl dreams of. 原则：去头去尾现原形,时间状语的改法 时间状语 + witness 见证,1980s witnessed a fact that,虚拟语气 欣赏,“如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子， If I have $10,000,000. I will buy a house. 我有一千万吗？没有。 所以我仍然没有房子 如果我有翅膀，我就能飞。 If I have a pair of
4、wings ,I will fly 我有翅膀吗？没有。 所以我也没办法飞。 如果把整个太平洋的水倒出，也浇不熄我对你爱情的火焰。 整个太平洋的水全部倒得出吗？不行。 所以我并不爱你。“如果我还有一天寿命，那天我要做你女友。 If I have one more day to live I will be your girlfriend 我还有一天的生命吗？没有。 所以，很可惜。我今生仍然不是你的女友。 如果我有翅膀，我要从天堂飞下来看你。 If I have a pair of wings, I will be fly down from the heaven to see you.,如果我还
5、有一天寿命，那天我要做你女友。我还有一天的命吗？没有。所以，很可惜。我今生仍然不是你的女友。Had I only one day to survive, I would be your girlfriend.Had I? Nope.Therefore, too bad I still cant be your girlfriend in this life.如果我有翅膀，我要从天堂飞下来看你。我有翅膀吗？没有。所以，很遗憾。我从此无法再看到你。Had I had wings, I would fly through heaven to see you.Had I? Nope.Therefore
6、, too bad I would never be able to see you from this moment on.如果把整个浴缸的水倒出，也浇不熄我对你爱情的火 。整个浴缸的水全部倒得出吗？可以。所以，是的。我爱你Could all the water in my bathtub be poured out, my love for you would never be relinquished.Could it? Yes. So, its true that I love you.,托福写作中从句该什么时候使用1. Many experts claim that people s
7、hould positively participate in garbage recycle. 宾语从句，一般出现在首段背景介绍部分。 2. Horror movies, in which there might be bleeding and terrifying scenes, are not recommended for children. 定语从句，一般在主体部分中比较常见，用以解释说明，达到简化句子的目的。 3. As long as you are a student, you should always behave yourself. 状语从句，让步状语从句比较常见的使用a
8、lthough或者though来引导，这里介绍一个使用as long as来引导的句子，这个例句可以解释成做一天和尚撞一天钟。 4. When it comes to psychology, most people believe that it is a behavioral study. 时间状语从句，例句中的应用表示了“当谈到的时候”，这是一种美式英语中经常出现的句式，口语和书面语都可以使用，推荐掌握。,the + est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + haveever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc) 芙蓉姐姐是我所看过最美丽的女孩。
9、刘老师是我曾经遇到最女性化的教师。 cannot emphasize the importance of too much.（再怎么强调.的重要性也不为过。） 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。 There is no denying that + S + V .（不可否认的.） 不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。 It is universally acknowledged that + 句子 （全世界都知道.） 全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。 An advantage of is that + 句子（.的优点是.） 使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。 The reas
10、on why + 句子 is that + 句子（.的原因是.） 我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。 So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子（如此.以致于.） 时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。 Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V （虽然.） 虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。 The + er + S + V, the + er + S + V 你愈努力，你愈进步。 By +Ving, can （借着.，能够） 借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。,It is time + S + 过去式 （该是.的时候了） 该
11、是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。 Those who （.的人.） 违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。 There is no one but （没有人不.） 没有人不渴望上大学。 That is the reason why （那就是.的原因） 夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。 It pays to + V （.是值得的。） 帮助别人是值得的。 be based on （以.为基础） 社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。 Spare no effort to + V （不遗余力的） 我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。 。 Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Vi
12、ng, （因为.） 因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。 Have a great influence on （对.有很大的影响） 抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。 do good to （对.有益），do harm to （对.有害） 读书对心灵有益。 工作过度对健康有害。 do ones utmost to + V = do ones best （尽全力去.） 我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。,诗歌翻译与写作,我是天空里的一片云，偶尔投影在你的波心你不必讶异，更无须欢喜在转瞬间消灭了踪影。你我相逢在黑夜的海上，你有你的，我有我的，方向；你记得也好，最好你忘掉，在这交会时互放的光亮！,Chan
13、ce(偶然) I am a cloud in the sky, A chance shadow on the wave of your heart. Dont be surprised, Or too elated; In an instant I shall vanish without trace. We meet on the sea of dark night, You on your way, I on mine. Remember if you will, Or, better still, forget The light exchanged in this encounter.
14、,Down by the Salley Gardens my love and I did meet 我曾和我的挚爱相遇在莎园中 She passed the Salley Gardens with little snow-white feet 她踏著雪白的纤纤玉足，轻轻走过莎园 She bid me take love easy as the leafes grow on the tree 她要我简单的追求真爱，就像大树长出树叶一般自然 But I being young and foolish with her did not agree 但我是那么的年轻愚笨，从来没有听从过她的心声 In
15、 a field down by the river my love and I did stand 我曾和我的挚爱并肩伫立在河畔的旷野上 And on my leaning shoulder she laid her snow-white hand 她把她嫩白的小手，搭在我那微微倾斜的肩膀上 She bid me take life easy as the grass grows on the weirs 她要我简单的去生活，就像那生长在河畔的韧草一般 But I was young and foolish and now I am full of tears 但我是那么的年轻愚笨， 现在唯
16、有泪水涟涟，感怀满襟,诗歌与写作,When love comes, I smile. When love goes ,I tear. Smile is for the past ,Tear is for the present What will be the future? let it come let it go What reason to keep leaver? smile for me ,tear for you Tomorrow ,show me a new day,When sandstorm comes, I tear. When sandstorm goes ,I smi
17、le. Smile is for the past ,Tear is for the present What will be the future? let it come, let it go What reason to keep green? smile for me ,tear for you Tomorrow ,show me a new day,名言与写作,Maybe God wants us to meet a few wrong people before meeting the right one, so that when we finally meet the pers
18、on, we will know how to be grateful. 在遇到梦中人之前，上天也许会安排我们先遇到别的人；在我们终于遇见心仪的人时，便应当心存感激。-泰戈尔 感恩 克服困难,Maybe God wants us to meet a lot of troubles before meeting the success, so that when we finally meet our dream, we will know how to be grateful.,演讲与写作,If there is anyone out there who still doubts that A
19、merica is a place where all things are possible, who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time, who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer. （如果现在仍然有人在那里怀疑着美国是不是任何事情都可能发生的地方，疑惑于我们国家的缔造者们的梦想是否还鲜活地存在于这个时代，对我们民主的力量打上问号的话，今夜就是你的答案。）,Its the answer spoken
20、by young and old, rich and poor Its the answer that led those whove been told for so long by so many to be cynical and fearful and doubtful about what we can achieve to put their hands on the arc of history and bend it once more toward the hope of a better day.（这是美国人共同说出的答案，无论老还是少，富还是穷，长久以来，很多人一再被告知
21、，要对我们所能取得的成绩极尽讥讽、担忧和怀疑之能事，但这个答案让这些人伸出手来把握历史之弧，并再次使它朝向美好明天的希望延伸。）,And I would not be standing here without the unyielding support of my best friend for the last 16 years, the rock of my family, the love of my life, the nations next first lady, Michelle Obama.,欢迎你到. / welcome you to . / welcome to . *
22、永远记住你 / remember you forever / always remember you*祝你有个. / wish you have a . / I wish you a . *很喜欢. / very like . / like . very much *黄头发 / yellow hair / blond/blonde（西方人没有yellow hair的说法） *厕所 / WC / mens room/womens room/restroom *真遗憾 / its a pity / thats too bad/its a shame（its a pity说法太老） *裤子 / tr
23、ousers / pants/slacks/jeans *修理 / mend / fix/repair *勤奋 / diligent / hardworking/studious/conscientious *马马虎虎/ so-so /average/fair/all right/not too bad/OK西方人很少使用so-so） *好吃 / delicious / good/nice/tasty/appetizing（delicious在中国被滥用） *尽我最大努力 / try my best / try/strive（try的本意就是try my best） *有名 / famous
24、/ well-known/popular *滑稽 / humorous / funny/amusing/entertaining *欺骗 / to cheat / to trick/to play a joke on/to con/to deceive/to rip off *车门 / the door of the car / the cars door *怎么拼? / how to spell? / how do you spell? *再见 / bye-bye / bye/see you/see you later/later（bye-bye有些孩子气） *面条 / noodles /
25、pasta（noodles有些孩子气） *据说 / it is said / / I heard/I read/I was told *等等 / and so on / etc. *直到现在 / till now / recently/lately/thus far *农民 / peasant / farmer,常见写作错误,1. Rember to write a letter for me. 2. I went to my junior middle school at the age of 12. 3. She is a very kindy and helpful woman. 4.
26、My fiend gave me a English song “Dont Say Good Bye”when I left my junior middle school.I was crying because the song that I learned is the first.I believe that if you are interested in one subject,youre able to learn it well. 5. I like English,but my English result is bad. I dont know how to take a
27、good result. 6.My father went to England to study abroad in order to get his Masters degree. 7.I often tell my brother Ive done what things. 8.He felt interesting and wanted to have look at it 9.I want to talk about love with28 letters. 10.If you give a car 2 me,I will B happy.Thanx. 11.My grandfath
28、er was gently.He had been dead for 6years._He died since 6 years ago.,12. I always found difficult in doing things. 13.He told me loosen myself is very important. 14.when there is a will,there is a way. 15.How surprise to see you here. 16.He had promised me he will buy me a book if I get full marks
29、in the exam. 17.He wanted to pay the bag to me . 18.Ive swimmed in my five old. 19.I am dangerous,please help me. 20.In the Chrismas Eve,I was too happy. 21.I felt week. 22.I wanted to asked somebody about this. 23.I felt hopelessness and said “Who know where is gthe tapes?” 24.The biology exam is q
30、uiet interested/excited. 25.I found a beautifu girl with a long hair on the crowed bus.,26.Are you convenient in this afternoon? 27.I was surprised found I am the baddest one. 28.I belief I can do it. 29.I couldnt hear her question in English,for I wasnt really well. 30.She never told us her ages. 3
31、1.The old woman missed her boyfriend ,a man looked a old gorilla. 32.I read the text with many pronounce mistakes. 33.I know all these peoples name. 34.We became very good friend. 35.I dont know the answer for the question. 36.when I red junior middle school,I have met a foreign teacher. 37.she aske
32、d a lot of questions that was difficult to aanswer. 38.They are liking (loving/having/possessing/owning)me. 39. My brother and me roded to the cinema. 40.On the way to going to the cinema ,we were stopeed by a couple with a fly with a smile.,41.She is taller than any other girls. 42.At half an hour
33、ago,I was ill. 43.He passed me the flag and go away. 44.when we throughed the crossroads,we didt found a policeman was standing there. 45.We are students who are from No.1 Middle School. 46.Whole our class are happy. 47.In this morning,we went to visit him. 48.Now let you know the other things about
34、 me. 49.I love my husband deep and my husband love me deeper too. 50.Although,there are few chances for me to dance,but I decide to dance well.,开头万能公式 1 开头万能公式一：名人名言 经典句型： A proverb says, “ You are only young once.” （适用于已记住的名言） It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. （适用于自编名言） 更多经典句型
35、： As everyone knows, No one can deny that,2 开头万能公式二：数字统计 原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。 ： According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation. 下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造： Honesty：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 Travel by Bike：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85%的
36、人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 Youth：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 更多句型： A recent statistics shows that ,结尾万能公式 1 结尾万能公式一：如此结论 Obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respec
37、t for others. 更多过渡短语： to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this 2 结尾万能公式二：如此建议 经典的虚拟语气的句型 Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem. 更多句型： Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be t
38、aken.,写作模板,辩论式议论文 模版1 Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea. There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1. More importantly, 论据2. Most important of
39、 all, 论据3. In summary, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测.,A or BThere is a widespread concern over the issue that作文主题But it is well known that opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.Some people hold the idea that观点一 In the
40、first place 原因一 In the second place 原因二 So it is goes without saying观点一. People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people think that 观点二In their point of view, on the one hand, 原因一 on the other hand 原因二 therefore, there is no doubt that观点二As far as I am concerned, I finally supp
41、ort the view that (观点一或二）,图表作文 段落结构 1 描述图表变化 2 解释变化原因参考社会热点 3 1）变化好展望未来 2）不好 -谈解决方法 3）不好不坏-谈个人看法 避免直接引用数字 总体趋势+细节 It can be seen clearly and vividly that the number of the average hours spent on computers has soared dramatically during the post elecade from 1990 to 2000. The figure was 2 hours as ea
42、rly as 1990, which doubled five years later and reached the top of 20 hours in 2000 图标专属词汇 Increase Rise Go up grow to ascend on the rise 升高 mushroom 迅速生长 mount to 增多 jump to 下降 Decrease descend decline on the decline 走下坡路 drop fall Go up and down rise and fall 程度Adv slowly缓慢的 drastically 激烈的 slight
43、ly 轻微的 Gradually 逐渐的 dramatically 引人瞩目的,图表式作文 It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of (多少). What is the reason f
44、or this change? Mainly there are (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, (第一个原因). More importantly, (第二个原因). Most important of all, (第三个原因). From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described i
45、n the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).,提纲式作文 1 对立观点式 A有人认为X 是好事，赞成X， 为什么？ B 有人认为X 是坏事， 反对X，为什么？ C我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。 Ho
46、wever, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: 一个例子。 There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the abo
47、ve-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。,2 批驳观点式 A一个错误观点。 B 我不同意。 Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。（According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点
48、的影响）。 There might be some element of truth in these peoples belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。,3 社会问题（现象）式 A一个社会问题或者现象。 B 产生的原因 C对社会和我们生活的影响 D 如何杜绝。（如果是问题的话） E 前景的预测。 Nowaday
49、s, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。（或者是一个例子）。 There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon. 下面参照辩论式议论文的写法。,Love letter and Writing,1、夸她的美 You take my breath away!（你美的让我窒息。） 2、暗恋。 I have a crush on her.（
50、我暗恋她。）I think there is some chemistry between us.( 我们彼此很有感觉。) 都说女人天生爱做梦，此时的男生也经常说：我最近总是梦到她。她就是我的梦中情人I keep on dreaming of her these days. She is the girl of my dream. 表达至死不渝的爱情：I love you not because of who you are， but because of who I am when I am with you. （我爱你，不是因为你是一个怎样的人，而是因为我喜欢与你在一起时的感觉。）The
51、world may change my whole life through， but nothings gonna change my love for you.(世界也许会完全改变我的生活，但什么都无法改变我对你的爱。) 第二招，给她自由：You dont have to change a thing; I just love you the way you are. (你不学要做任何改变，我就爱现在这个你。) I cant live without you. 我的生活不能没有你。 I have no appetite because of you. 我为你茶不思饭不想。Im head over heels in love with you. 我为你神魂颠倒。I will always keep a warm place in my heart for you.在我心里永远有一块最温暖的地方属于你。,
