1、中学生标准学术能力诊断性测试 2018 年 2 月测试英语试卷本试卷共 150 分，考试时间 100 分钟。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 60 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 45 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHere is a collection of some TV series. For this list, we stick to those that have been released in recent years and we choose not to include TV h
2、its likeGame of Thrones or Sherlock.Stranger ThingsThis US television series is a combination of three genres (类型):the typical college movies where the losers rise up, the science fiction films about crazy scientists who reached their top in the 1980s and the horror movies written in the style of St
3、ephen King. This show, starring Winona Ryder and a group of amazing kids, has managed to combine these genres so well that it has already acquired a vast army of fans worldwide.The Pillars of the EarthIt is set in the twelfth century, a time which is considered one of the darkest and most romantic p
4、eriods in the history of England. Based on the best-selling novel written by Ken Follett, this TV show starring the brilliant Eddie Redmayne is widely recognized as one of the best historical TV dramas of recent years. MahabharataThis Indian Hindi-language series is liked by many people for being re
5、garded as the simplest and the most fun way to learn about the age-old wisdom of the Indian people. It tells us about the kings and heroes who love, fight and make wise decisions. This drama is about the endless struggle between good and evil.The CrownThis story about the transformation of the young
6、 Princess Elizabeth into the queen shows everything about the British monarchy (君主制).It includes many storylines, each of which could be made into a separate TV show. The series focuses on the age-old themes of family, marriage and politics, and this is probably what makes The Crown win popularity.1
7、. What do we know about Stranger Things? A. Stephen King determined its style.B. It consists of three children stories.C. Most of its central characters are kids.D. Its much more popular than Sherlock.2.Which aspect of the Pillars of the Earth is stressed in the text? A.Its background. B. Its staff.
8、 C. Its theme song. D. Its plot.3. Which TV series is more like a biography?A.Stranger Things. B.The Pillars of the Earth.C.Mahabharata. D.The Crown.4. Which of the following do the four TV series?A. They are highly thought of by the audience.B. Their storylines are relatively complex.C. They mainly
9、 discuss universal themes.D. Their original languages are English.BWhen I was growing up, the gold standard for cancer-themed tear-jerkers (催人泪下的故事）was “Something for Joey”，a made-for-TV movieased on a true storybout the bond between a big-time college football player and his fiercely loyal little b
10、rother who is dying of childhood leukemia (白血病）.Lauren Grodstein takes a different approach with her fourth novel, “Our Short History”. What sets Grodsteins novel apart is that the cancer diagnosis switches places: Jacob Neulander, the 6-year-old boy at the center of the book, is cancer-free, while
11、his mother, Karen, a 43-year-old political consultant (顾问） who raised Jacob on her own, has recently been found to have late-stage ovarian cancer. With the time Karen has left, she decides to write her son a book and fill it with everything she wants him to know: a catalog of the things that have ma
12、de her happy; the story of how he was named; and an account of how, kicking and screaming, she allows Jacob to start spending time with his biological father, a one-term congressman (国会议员）from New Jersey who broke Karens heart and lives with his new wife along the Palisades.“I plan to be honest here
13、,” Karen promises at the novels beginning. “I plan to be extraordinarily honest. I will not edit out the truth; I will not try to make myself look better than I really was.” This total honesty leads Karen to admit uncomfortable truths to Jacobthe night you were born was not the best night of my life
14、,” she writes. “I was terrified; I was tired; I was sad一 and, especially, to record the disturbance of feelings that run high after Jacob and his father meet for the first time and get along famously. They bond over Playmobil and Star Wars; she realizes, watching the two of them together, that Jacob
15、 is “exactly like him” Karen lets her paranoia (偏执狂）run wild. She imagines Jacob posing for a Christmas card with his new family after shes gone; she yells at him when he suggests that his fathers wife would make him snacks on demand. This eruption of maternal envy and anger is the dramatic high poi
16、nt of the novel “I am your only mother!” Karen yells. The rest of “Our Short History,” unfortunately, is content to deliver the quieter pleasures for adults.5.What do we know about Something for Joey? A.Its essential fictional. B. Its intended for the movie theatre.C. It focuses on a college student
17、s cancer.D. It has the common features of tear-jerkers.6. Which of the following is TRUE about Lauren Grodstein? ( )A. She is a political consultant.B. She has a unique writing style.C. She likes writing tear-jerkers most.D. She doesnt like something for Joey.7. What happens to Jacob? A. Hes dying o
18、f cancer.B. He breaks his fathers heart.C. He can visit his father any time.D. He gets along well with his fathers family.8. What is this text? A.An announcement. B. A book review.C.An advertisement. D. A guide.CIf youre a college student, who could blame you for not paying attention to that mountin
19、g student loan (贷款）balance? But once you graduate, your new monthly student loan bill will be hard to ignore. After all, missing a payment isnt like turning in a term paper late; debt collectors arent nearly as forgiving as your Chemistry 201 professor. What can you do to repay our student loans soo
20、ner?If you can manage it, repay your loans on the standard 10-year repayment plan. Youll pay less interest and get rid of your loans sooner. And its a good idea to throw extra money at your bill when you can to speed up the process. If youre really troubled with cash, switch to an income-driven stud
21、ent loan repayment plan. The government offers four options that make our payments a percentage of your income, so youll pay less when you earn less.Next, think about where you can cut costs elsewhere in your life so you can pay your loan bills. Focus on saving money in ways that make sense for your
22、 lifestyle. That way you wont feel deprived of (被剥夺）everything you enjoy, and you can cut out expenses that you truly dont need.Car payments can be especially costly. Consider giving up a car and signing up for Zipcar, Car2go or another car sharing service if its available in your city. These compan
23、ies let you rent a car hourly, which can help when public transportation wont get you where you need to go.Now its on to smaller expenses 一 and some you might not even know youre paying. Its easy to sign up for a service that automatically charges you every month, such as the gym, ClassPass, Spotify
24、 or Netflix. Cancel them if youre not using them at least a few times a week. A service such as Truebill will track your monthly payments and show you which ones youre not using so you can cancel.9. What does the author aim to tell us in Paragraph 1? A. Missing a payment is common for graduates.B. T
25、here are good ways to pay student loan bills.C. Paying student loan bills on time is necessary.D. Some students easily ignore their student loan bills.10. What is a disadvantage of following an income-driven student loan repayment plan? A.You will be offered only one option.B. You may end up paying
26、more interest.C. You have to finish paying within 10 years.D. You still need to pay more even when you earn less.11. What do the last three tips have in common? A. They all suggest cutting costs.B. They are all about small expenses.C. They all mean avoiding expensive services.D. They all help shorte
27、n the repaying process.DDecades ago travelling by air in America was a great affair. Today it signals discomfort, extra charges and the threat of violence.Air fares are higher per seat mile in America than in Europe. The global price of jet fuel has fallen by half since 2014. That triggered a fare w
28、ar between European carriers, but in America ticket prices have hardly budged.Standards of service are also worse. Only one operator based in America can be found in the worlds 30 best carriers, compared with nine from Europe. When Ryanair, currently Europes largest and cheapest airline, cut service
29、 to the bone, it began to lose customers and money. That caused it to perform a U-turn and be “nicer” to customers, in order to protect its market share from competitors like easyJet, Wizz Air and Norwegian.This happy combination of low fares and reasonable service has a simple explanation: competit
30、ion. American policymakers have presided over a wave of mergers (合并）in the past few years. The biggest four carriers in America between them now control 80% of the market, compared with just 48% a decade ago. In Europe, where the top four carriers have around 45% of the market, policymakers have got
31、 three things right.First, European regulators have tried harder to preserve competition between existing carriers. The EU has been willing to block mergers to prevent airlines from building monopoly (垄断） positions at airports. Not so in America: at 40 of its 100 biggest airports, a single carrier n
32、ow accounts for more than half of capacity. That pushes up prices.Second, Europe has made it easier for foreigners to encourage competition by entering new markets. There are no ownership limits at all between European countries. America caps foreign ownership at 25%. Foreign joint companies, such a
33、s Virgin America are struggling to take off.Some of Europes advantages are hard to copy. Americas regulators should loosen the cap on foreign ownership and promote the use of secondary airports. If that doesnt work, regulators should consider breaking up the big airlines. Allowing competition to wea
34、ken was a huge mistake.12. What does the underlined word “budged” in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Changed. B. Increased. C. Steadied. D. Doubled.13. What can be inferred about Ryanair from Paragraph 3? A. Its air fares are high.B. Its service now is poor.C. It responds to the market quickly.D. It is losing i
35、ts market share fast.14. What have European regulators been trying to do? A. Push up prices.B. Cap foreign ownership.C. Protect the biggest airports.D. Stop carriers from merging.15. Whats the main idea of the passage? A. European airline industry is developing healthily.B. Air fares are becoming a
36、big burden for travelers.C. Customers are complaining fiercely about American airlines.D. Americas airline industry should look to Europe for lessons.第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 15 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。3 tips for protecting your eyes during the winterWe typically worry about staying
37、warm during the winter months, and thinkless about protecting our eyes. 16 Here are three things you can do toprotect your eyes during the winter months.Tip #1: 17During the winter, our eyes are constantly exposed to blowing, dry, hot airthat can cause them to become dry. Here are a few treatments:
38、18 Distance yourself from direct heat sources while sitting. Use a humidifier (加湿 器）to help reduce dryness.Tip # 2: Wear sunglasses with UV (紫外线）protection.UV rays in the winter can harm our eyes. 19 Wear sunglasses when youre outside, or driving, to protect your eyes from UV rays. This is especiall
39、y important as days lengthen into spring and the sun gets stronger.Tip # 3: Goggles (护目镜）protect in many ways.Goggles not only protect our eyes from UV rays, but they also help keep our eyes from drying out from the winter wind. In addition, think about all those branches, leaves, and dirty snow tha
40、t can severely injure our eyes upon contact. 20 Dont forget them!A. Clean your eyes carefully.B. Dont let your eyes dry out.C. Goggles protect the eyes from the wind.D. Keep eye drops handy to wet your eyes.E. It just makes good sense to wear quality goggles.F. In fact, they can do even more harm wh
41、en theyre reflecting off snow.G. However, the winter months can be as hard on our eyes as the summer months.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分 55 分） 第一节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。True achievementDuring high school, I remember reading about Junior Achieve
42、ment (JA)programs and thinking, “I could 21 do that.” Economics seemed too complex for me, but our curriculum 22 us to take it. So I began my journey. Now, I can 23 and say, “Wow, I did do that.”JA programs help kids around the world 24 a successful future.Each program is 25 by a community volunteer
43、 who helps students connect what they are learning in school with their future in the workforce. Hands-on activities bring the 26 world to the classroom.We named our company GloboCorp, and described our logo as the seeing eye of business, always 27 for illegal business practices. When our teacher me
44、ntioned the district 28, I became interested in applying the 29 principles I had learned.We began the weekly practice. Our advisers (also community volunteers)put in long hours 30 principles and strategies and helping us interpret data. Their 31 was what made JA programs unique, and was an immeasura
45、ble 32 . And therewas another motivation: We could earn a trip to Disney World.After hard work we 33 made it to Disney World. It was a(n) 34 way to end my high school career. 35 came from everywhere. At the awards banquet, Mickey Mouse shook our hands and gave us our own sets of mouse ears. Our loca
46、l newspaper ran articles. And the greatest 36 was to walk off the plane back home and see a crowd of 37 parents who burst into applause.Although this experience will be among my best memories, a quote from the awards banquet is what I will 38 most about JA programs. The speaker discussed the differe
47、nce between success and 39 . At first, the words seemed interchangeable, but then I 40 his point. To make it to Disney World and win was success, but to bond together, have fun, and overcome difficulties as wellnow that is a real achievement.21. A. ever B. always C. just D. never22. A. inspired B. r
48、equired C. allowed D. promised23.A.look back B. look around C. look down D. look over24. A. give up B. worry about C. prepare for D. prefer to25. A. managed B. described C. written D. copied26. A. sad B. real C. wild D. lucky27. A. grateful B. guilty C. watchful D. regretful28. A. concert B. competi
49、tion C. interview D. celebration29. A. economic B. legal C. political D. scientific30. A. imaginingB. recalling C. reciting D. explaining31. A. justice B. choice C. guidance D. argument32. A. loss B. help C. risk D. distance33. A. carefullyB. patiently C. suddenly D. finally34. A. fantasticB. easy C. romantic D. discouraging35. A. Information B. Knowledge C. Problems D.Congratulatios36. A. change B. damage C. feeling D. dream37. A. proud B. terrified C. funny D. puzzled38. A. e
