1、Book 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes,语言点用法过关1. burst vi. 爆裂;爆发 n.突然破裂;爆发 教材原句 In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. 在市内,有 些建筑物里的水管爆裂了。 语境应用 单句改错 Last night the room was burst in but nothing was taken away. A fire was burst out last night, and his house was in ruins.,ininto,去掉第一个was,
2、单句填空 With a burst laughter, Wang Xifeng burst the room, whose flattering(讨好的)words made Mrs. Jia burst laughter. 一句多译 不管什么时候回忆起这个有趣的故事,我都会忍不住笑起来。 Whenever I recall this funny story, . No matter when I think of this funny story, . 用法点拨 burst in/burst into a room闯入;突然破门而入 burst out 突然开始突然哭起来/笑起来 a bur
3、st of.突然的一阵,of,into,into,I can t help bursting out laughing,I cant help bursting into laughter,助记 2. ruin n.毁灭;废墟vt.毁灭;使破产 教材原句 In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. 在可怕的15秒内,一座 大城市便成为了一片废墟。,语境应用 单句填空 Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced ruins, the cit
4、y took on a new look. With time going on, the castle which was once very beautiful is now completely ruins. Drunk driving not only ruined (him) but also killed several passers-by. 用ruin, damage, destroy的适当形式填空 He was injured badly in a big fire, which the building completely. The accident did much t
5、o his health and his future.,to,in,himself,destroyed,damage,ruined,用法点拨 lie/be in ruins 成为废墟 fall into ruin 衰落,败落 be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟 ruin oneself 毁掉自己;自取灭亡 ruin ones health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/声誉/前途 词义辨析,3. injure vt.损害;伤害 教材原句 Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. 他们当
6、中 三分之二的人在地震中死亡或受伤。 语境应用 单句填空 The young woman entered the pool where an (injure) dolphin was swimming. 单句改错 Luckily,the injured was sent to the nearest hospital.,injured,waswere,完成句子 Because , I cannot go with you as planned.因为我的左脚受伤了,所以不能按计划和你一块儿去了。 用法点拨 (1)injured adj.受伤的 the injured伤员 (2)injury n.
7、伤;伤口;伤害 do oneself an injury伤害某人自己 点津 the injured作主语时,谓语动词常常使用复数形式。,my left foot was injured,4. trap vt.使陷入困境n.陷阱;困境 教材原句Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.有些 医生和救援人员被困在了废墟下面。 语境应用 单句填空 He (trap) in a traffic jam, so he had to wait. The police trapped him into (tell)
8、the truth. 单句改错 The farmer sets trap for the rats. 同义句转换:把上面句改为用过去分词作状语的句子 ,was trapped,telling,trap前加a或变为traps,Trapped in a traffic jam, he had to wait.,用法点拨 be trapped in 困在中;陷在中 trap sb. into (doing) sth.诱使某人做某事 set a trap for sb.为某人设圈套 联想 be trapped in的同义短语有: be locked in,be caught in,be stuck i
9、n 等,5. bury vt.掩埋;埋葬;使隐藏 教材原句 The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 部队人员组成小分队,将受困的人们挖出来,将死者掩埋。 语境应用 单句填空 He stood on the sidewalk with his hands (bury) in the pockets. He sank down on the ground, (bury) his face in his hands. 一句多译 由于他埋头于书本,所以不知道外面在下雨。 Becau
10、se he his book, he didnt know it was raining out- side.,buried,burying,buried himself in,Because he his book, he didnt know it was raining outside. his book, he didnt know it was raining outside. his book, he didnt know it was raining outside. 用法点拨 bury.in. 把埋到里;使沉浸于 bury oneself in 埋头于;专心于;沉浸于 be b
11、uried in埋头于;专心于;沉浸于 联想 表示“专心于;致力于”的其他常见短语: be devoted to;be lost/engaged/absorbed in;focus/concentrate on;fix/concen- trate ones attention on,was buried in,Burying himself in,Buried in,6. judge vt.断定;判断;判决 n.裁判员;法官 教材原句 Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was
12、the best one this year. 评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲,他们一致 认为这是今年最好的演讲。 语境应用 单句填空 If he had played a part in the film, he would (judge) to be the best actor. (judge) from the story, we can come to the conclusion that we can t judge a book its cover.,have been judged,Judging,by,完成句子 , it is wrong for them to let so
13、me students carry mobile phones. 我认为,他们让某些学生带手机是错误的。 单句改错 Judged from his expression, he was not satisfied with the answer.用法点拨 judge.from/by.从来判断 don t judge a book by its cover不要以貌取人,勿以外表做评判 as far as I can judge据我判断;我认为 点津 judging from/by“从来看;根据来判断”,用在句首时为一个独 立成分,不受句子主语和时态的影响。,As far as I can jud
14、ge,JudgedJudging,1. at an end 结束;终结 教材原句 It seemed as if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日! 语境应用 单句填空 The meeting was nearly an end when I got to the meeting room. I (complete) all of the reading by the end of this term if my plan goes well. 单句翻译 我们的实验以失败告终。,at,will have completed,Our experiment ende
15、d up in failure.,用法点拨 (1)at the end of在尽头/末端 in the end最后,终于 by the end of 到时候为止(常与完成时连用) put/bring an end to sth.使结束 come to an end完成;结束 (2)end up with以结束 end up doing sth.以做某事结束 end up in以告终;结果为,2. a (great) number of 许多;大量的 教材原句Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while t
16、hey were sleeping.造成如此多的人员死亡是因为地震发生时人们正在 睡觉。 语境应用 单句填空 A number of students (be) in the dining hall now. Yes. The number of the students (be) about 400. 选词填空(a number of/the number of) Now college graduates are seeking to get a wellpaidjob. But posts available for them is often not enough.,are,is,a
17、number of,the number of,单句改错 Large quantities of nuts is found inside the trees. A good many disasters has damaged the old building. 用法点拨 (1)a number of意为“若干;许多”,后接名词复数。用作主语时,谓语动 词一般用复数形式。 (2)the number of意为“的数量”,其后接名词复数。用作主语时,谓 语动词一般要用单数形式。 扩展 “large quantities of+名词”后通常跟动词复数形式 “a great/good many+可
18、数名词复数”后通常跟谓语动词复数形式,isare,hashave,1. as if似乎;仿佛 教材原句It seemed as if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日! 语境应用 单句填空 When a pencil is partly put into water, it looks as if it (be)broken. Jack wasnt saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as if he (do) something very clever. He opened his mouth as i
19、f (say) something.,were,had done,to say,同义句转换 The tennis player is lying on the floor as if she were hurt badly. The tennis player is lying on the floor badly. 单句改错 He talks about Rome as if that he had been there before. 完成句子 在回答问题的时候,我同桌看起来很紧张。(It seemed as if.) when he answered thequestion.,as if
20、 hurt,去掉that,It seemed as if my deskmate was very nervous,用法点拨 as if(=as though)在句中引导表语从句;它也可以引导状语从句。 联想 as if/though从句使用虚拟语气的三种情况: 与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时,be动词用were; 与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had+过去分词”; 与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could+动词原形”。 点津 as if/though引导的状语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且从句谓语中含 有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,后面直接跟名词(短语)、不 定式
21、、形容词、介词短语或分词等。,2. all.not.并非所有都 教材原句 All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。 语境应用 句型转换:把下列部分否定的句子改为全部否定句 I do not remember all the details.Both of them are not my brothers.Not everything she did pleased him.She is not always excited.,I remember none of the details.,Neither of them is my brother.,Nothing
22、she did pleased him.,She is never excited.,一句多译 不是所有的人都愿意帮助他人。 (all.not) (not.all) 用法点拨 该句是表示部分否定的句型,all.not.=not all.,意为“并非所有的 都”。 联想 英语中的all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, completely, al- ways, whole, entirely等词与否定词连用,无论否定词位置如何,均构成部 分否定,表示“并非都”的意思。 no,none,never,nobody,neither,nothing,no more,no longer等表示否定意 义的词或短语与表肯定意义的谓语动词一起使用时,构成全部否定。,All people are not willing to help others.,Not all people are willing to help others.,
