1、1A.The German city of Hamburg has announced plans to become car-free within the next two decades. It is an ambitious idea, but city officials obviously feel that the personal motorcar does not fulfill a function that walking, biking and taking public transport cannot. The goal of Hamburgs project is
2、 to replace roads with a green network, which will allow people to navigate through the city without the use of cars.Banishing the car from urban areas is becoming a common trend in many European cities. London imposes a “congestion charge“ on private vehicles entering the city centre during rush ho
3、urs. Copenhagen is building bicycle superhighways radiating out from the city centre. These developments combined may make worrying reading for driving enthusiasts. Is the time of the personal car over?In the century since the Ford Model T was introduced in 1908, global vehicle numbers have swollen
4、to well over a billion. But according to recent research, the growth may have stopped.According to Professor Michael Sivak, at the University of Michigan, “motorization“ in the US might have reached a peak in 2008, and that the figures have been on the decline since.“New York, Washington, Boston, Ph
5、iladelphia, each have more than thirty percent of households without a light duty vehicle,“ says Sivak. In fact, the figures show that fifty-six percent of households in New York (which top the list) dont have a car. “I think that will be surprising to most people. It was surprising to me, and I am
6、in the business. “Sivak thinks a number of factors could be contributing to the trend, including workingfrom home and the movement of populations back to city centers. In China, Beijing and Shanghai are looking at plans to limit the number of new vehicles being registered to control prouth. Its a mo
7、vement more cities are looking towards, particularly in the US.56.Why does Hamburg launch the “car-free“ program?A. To build a greener environment. B. To fix a worldwide road network. C. To call on people to take exercise. D. To replace the public transport.57. The underlined word “banishing“ in Par
8、agraph 2 can best be replaced by “_ “A. putting out B. giving away C. driving away D. setting out58. Professor Michael Sivak uses the examples in Paragraph 5 -A. to prove the number of cars has been increasing sharplyB. to persuade American people to give up their way of lifeC. to introduce to the r
9、eaders a new trend in buying carsD. to show many Americas have already abandoned cars59. What does Michael Sivak think of the result of his research?A. Terrifying. B Amazing. C.Exciting D. Disappointing.60. What can be learned from the last paragraph?A. Most people like to work in the countryside. B
10、. It is only big cities that are taking action.C. Many factors contribute to the trend. D. Effective rules have come into effect.56-60 A C D B CB.On Monday , December 10,2012,Google Doodle(涂鸦) celebrated the 197th anniversary of the birth of Ada Lovelace , She is seen by some as the worlds first com
11、puter programmer.Google wrote on their official blog：“We hope todays doodle inspires people to find out more about Ada, and about the contributions made by women in general to sclence and technology.”Lovelace was born on December 10,1815, Her father was a poet ,and her mother was a mathematician, wh
12、o arranged for her daughter to be taught in science and math, Ada followed in her mothers footsteps, eventually becoming a mathematician herself.At 17 ,Lovelace became friends with Babbage ,a professor of mathematics at Cambridge University, who Ada learned about four years ago from her mother ,She
13、became interested in his idea to design a computing 2device(装置),Babbage and lovelace would write letters back and forth to each other about it. In 1843,Lovelace added details to an article describing the machine ,She included step-by-step instructions for how the machine would work.While Babbage aaw
14、 the machine as a calculator ,Lovelace predicted a machine that could use symbols and rules to compute more than just math , She even wrote about it making music;“The engine might create complex and scientific pieces of music”.Lovelace imagined that one day it would be possible to use a maching for
15、an unlimited number of tasks , The only limitation would be the creatlvity of the user , The machine was not actually built until 1991,But Lovelace had envisioned it nearly 100 years before that , It was the worlds first computer.Lovelace is one of the few female pioneers of the computer age,Gllgles
16、 Doodle Google 徽标 honorsher by showing her vision from start to finish , It has Lovelace writing her program with a reather pen alongside computers based on her first idea , The iast machine shown; a modem laptop playing music, just as Lovelace had imagined many years ago.51、Google Doodle celebuated
17、 Lovelaces birthday to .A、honour her achievements in computer programme B、introduce her life and excellent sclentific reseachC、spread her ideas on mathematics and technology D、show the history of computer development52、Babbage and Lovelace became friends mainly because .A、Babbage gave her so much he
18、lp B、Lovelace wrote him so many lettersC、they had common interest in science D、they both studied at Cambridge University53、Lovelace didnt agree with Babbage because she believed .A、math problems could be solved by computer B、future computers could accomplish many tasksC、computers might be only used
19、as a calculator D、Babbages ideas on computer were impractical54、The underlined word “envisioned ”in Paragraph 6 can be replaced by .A、discussed B、liked C、invented D、foreseen55、What does the text mainly talk about?A、The function of the first computer B、A female pioneer of computer scienceC、The start
20、of computer 100 years ago D、Friendship between Babbage and Lovelace.5155 A C B D B（C） “Get your hands off me, I have been stolen,” the laptop, a portable computer, shouted. That is a new solution to laptop computer theft: a program that lets owners give their property a voice when it has been taken.
21、 The program allows users to display alerts on the missing computers screen and even to set a spoken message. Tracking software for stolen laptops has been on the market for some time, but this is thought to be the first that allows owners to give the thief a piece of their mind. Owners must report
22、their laptop missing by visiting a website, which sends a message to the model: a red and yellow “lost or stolen” sign appears on its screen when it is started. Under the latest version（版本）of the software, users can also send a spoken message. The message can be set to reappear every 30 seconds, no
23、matter how many times the thief closes it.” One customer sent a message saying, You are being tracked. I am right at your door,” said Carrie Hafeman, chief executive of the company which produces the program, Retriever. In the latest version, people can add a spoken message. For example, the laptops
24、 speakers will say: “Help, this laptop is reported lost or stolen. If you are not my owner, report me now.” The Retriever software package, which costs $29.95 but has a free trial period, has the functions of many security software programs .Owners can remotely switch to an alternative password if t
25、hey fear that the thief has also got hold of the access details. If a thief accesses the internet with the stolen laptop, Retriever will collect information on the internet service provider in use, so that the police can be alerted to its location. 3Thousands of laptops are stolen every year form ho
26、mes and offices, but with the use of laptops increasing, the number stolen while their owners are out and about has been rising sharply. Other security software allows users to erase data remotely or lock down the computer. 72. The expression “to give the thief a piece of their mind “can be understo
27、od as “_” A. to give the thief an alert mind B. to express the owners anger to the thief C. to remind the thief of this conscience D. to make the thief give up his mind【答案】B【解析】语句理解题。由第一二段可知，这种新型软件的新功能是可以向手提电脑偷窃者发出语音信息，如：Get your hands off me, I have been stolen.这显然是表达电脑主人对窃贼的愤怒情绪的，故正确答案为 B。其他同类软件具有
28、向窃贼发出警告文字信息的功能，故 A 项和题干不能完全吻合，可排除。73. Different from other security software, Retriever can . A. record the stealing process B. help recognize the lost laptop C. lock down the computer remotely D. send a spoken message【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。由第二段“Tracking software for stolen laptops has been on the market fo
29、r some time, but this is thought to be the first that allows owners to give the thief a piece of their mind.”可知答案为D。74. One function of the program is that it allows the owner to at a distance. A. change some access details for switching on the laptop B. turn on the laptop by using the original pass
30、word C. operate the laptop by means of and alternative password D. erase the information kept in the stolen laptop【答案】A【解析】 细节理解题。由第六段“Owners can remotely switch to an alternative password if they fear that the thief has also got hold of the access details.”可知 A 项说法正确。B、C 是对本句的误解。由第九段可知，清除被盗电脑信息并非这种
31、软件的功能，可排除。75. Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the passage? A. With no Retriever, thousands of laptops are stolen every year. B. A new soft ware provides a means to reduce laptop theft. C. Retriever has helped to find thieves and lost computers. D. A new program offers a co
32、mmunication platform with the thief. 【答案】B【解析】主旨概括题。本文介绍了一种新型电脑防盗软件，这种软件不仅能向窃贼发送文字和语音信息，还能跟踪、远程改变密码以及收集网络信息帮助警方发现电脑位置，以减少手提电脑的失窃事件。B 项较全面的概括了这一主题，为正确答案。其余几项偏题。Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when youre doing your holiday shopping online, make sure youre hold
33、ing a large glass of iced tea. The physical sensation (感觉) of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisionsthose are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh.Psychologists have known that one person
34、s perception (感知) of anothers “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues
35、, when babies conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness. Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried
36、 a food bottle. Harlows work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills.4Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal. Although no wo
37、rldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm” or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries.To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which in
38、volved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the studys hypotheses (假设), handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form: The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to ra
39、te the personality of “Person A” based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink.“We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly,” says Bargh.1. According to Paragraph 1, a pers
40、ons emotion may be affected by _.A. the visitors to his office B. the psychology lessons he has C. his physical feeling of coldness D. the things he has bought online2. The author mentions Harlows experiment to show that _.A. adults should develop social skills B. babies need warm physical contact C
41、. caregivers should be healthy adults D. monkeys have social relationships3. In Barghs experiment, the students were asked to _.A. evaluate someones personality B. write down their hypotheses C. fill out a personal information form D. hold coffee and cold drink alternatively4. We can infer from the
42、passage that _.A. abstract thinking does not come from physical experiences B. feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwide C. physical temperature affects how we see others D. capable persons are often cold to others5.What would be the best title for the passage?A. Drinking for Better Social Relationships. B. Experiments of Personality Evaluation. C. Developing Better Drinking Habits. D. Physical Sensations and Emotions.1-5C B A C D
