1、Period 4: Grammar学习目标：1. 掌握单元语法：现在完成时2. 介绍延续性动词和非延续性动词在现在完成时中的用法3. 利用例句归纳出语法规则学习重点：掌握单元语法：现在完成时学习难点：利用例句归纳出语法规则课前预习使用说明与学法指导：1. 利用例句归纳出语法规则2. 15分钟之内完成教材助读：话题提分句型Before trying to solve the puzzle, let us consider the best way to approach it. (着手解决)Id love to go on holiday but I cant_afford the time.预
2、习自测：汉译英练习：1. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？_2. 他已经吃过午饭了。_3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。_我的疑问：_课内探究质疑探究：(一) 现在完成时的基本用法：1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某个动作对现在产生的影响或结果。可以表示最近完成的动作，也可以表示经历或经验。I have already read the book.我已读过这本书。（结果是已知道这本书的内容）Ive found the letter you were looking for. Here it is.Theyve been to The Great Wall three times .(他们已经去过长城 3次了
3、。)Ive never had any problems with my car. (我的车从来没有出过问题)Have you ever seen the film “Harry Potter”?2. 表示过去已经开始、持续到现在(可能还会继续下去)的动作和状态，常和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：these days, this week/year, Recently, so far, for时间段，since 时间点等.We havent seen each other for ten years.They have grown such a lot since we last saw the
4、m.Prices have fallen sharply over the past six months.So far/Up to now, Timson has made 13 films.Ive written three letters this morning. (=it is still morning)3 现在完成时可以用在条件或时间状语从句中, 表示将来某个时刻之前已经完成的动作。e.g. Ill go home as soon as I have finished my homework.Please lend me that book if you have finishe
5、d reading it.4.表示从过去某一时间到说话这段时间反复发生的动作或多次动作的总和，常与频度副词always, often, seldom, never等连用。I ve often heard such news.I ve been to Beijing.(二) 使用现在完成时的句型1) 现在完成时+since + 点时间状语(名词、短语、从句, 其中从句用一般过去时)2) 现在完成时+ for+ 段时间状语 3) It / This is the first /其它序数词/ last time + that 从句中, 从句使用现在完成时。注意: 在下面的句子中, 主句的谓语动词常用
6、一般现在时：It is three years since I began to work on the farm.Its a long time since I saw you last.(三)现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:现在完成时表示某一已经完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响, 强调的是现在的情况, 所以不能与表示过去的时间状语连用; 一般过去时只表示某一动作或状态在过去发生或存在过, 与现在不发生联系, 它可以与表示过去的时间状语连用。He has read that book. (说明他现在知道那本书的内容)He read that book last year. (只说明他去年读过那
7、本书 )He has gone to America. (他现在不在此地, 在美国)He went to America. (只说明他去过美国)(四) 终止性动词与延续性动词：1. 终止性动词: 表示短暂的运动状态,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,常用的动词有: come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive, reach, get, get up , join, marry, open, close, give, lend, borrow, finish, break, see, hear, notice, find, understand, die 等。2. 延续
8、性动词: 表示长时间的运动状态,能和表示一段时间的状语连用。常用的动词有: live, study, work, teach, stay, read, play, fly, talk, rain, eat, run等当堂检测：用所给词的适当形式填空(1)So far this year I more than twenty articles and Ill try my best to write more.(publish)(2) you him around the museum yet？(show)Yes. We had a great time there.(3)With the he
9、lp of experienced career instructors，this type of jobhunting training_ to be very efficient.(prove)(4)It seems that you _ this report or you can see what I questioned just now.(read)(5)The coffee is wonderful. It doesnt taste like anything I _ before.(have)课后反思：_课后训练单项填空1I have to walk upstairs.The
10、lift_down.(2013北京东城期末)Awas breaking BbrokeCwill break Dhas broken2I _the book till now.No worry.You may have left it at home.(2013浙江温州测试)Ahadnt found Bdont findCwont find Dhavent found3So far this year we_a fall in house prices by between 5 percent and 10 percent.(2013浙江温州联考)Asaw Bsee Chad seen Dhave seen4Oh, dear！This is not the way back home.Yes, I think we_the wrong way at the last turning.Awent Bhas goneChad gone Dare going5Your spoken English is so good. Have you been abroad?Yes.I_in London for two years.(2013北京西城期末)Ahave stayed BstayedChad stayed Dhave been staying
